spinal cord tumor

脊髄腫瘍

関

spinal cord neoplasm

同

脊髄腫瘍

WordNet

1. work natural fibers into a thread; "spin silk"
2. prolong or extend; "spin out a visit" (同)spin out
3. the act of rotating rapidly; "he gave the crank a spin"; "it broke off after much twisting" (同)twirl, twist, twisting, whirl
4. a distinctive interpretation (especially as used by politicians to sway public opinion); "the campaign put a favorable spin on the story"
5. a short drive in a car; "he took the new car for a spin"
6. a swift whirling motion (usually of a missile)
7. revolve quickly and repeatedly around ones own axis; "The dervishes whirl around and around without getting dizzy" (同)spin around, whirl, reel, gyrate
8. form a web by making a thread; "spiders spin a fine web"
9. make up a story; "spin a yarn"
10. stream in jets, of liquids; "The creek spun its course through the woods"
11. twist and turn so as to give an intended interpretation; "The Presidents spokesmen had to spin the story to make it less embarrassing"
12. stack in cords; "cord firewood"
13. a unit of amount of wood cut for burning; 128 cubic feet
14. a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton (同)corduroy
15. a light insulated conductor for household use (同)electric cord
16. a line made of twisted fibers or threads; "the bundle was tied with a cord"
17. bind or tie with a cord
18. of or relating to the spine or spinal cord; "spinal cord"; "spinal injury"
19. an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose (同)tumour, neoplasm

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (羊毛などから)〈糸など〉‘を'『紡ぐ』《+『名』+『out of』+『名』〈羊毛〉》,(糸などに)〈羊毛など〉‘を'紡ぐ《+『名』〈羊毛〉+『into』+『名』》 / 〈クモ・カイコなどが〉〈糸〉‘を'『吐く』;〈巣・繭〉‘を'かける / …‘を'くるくる回す / 〈物語など〉‘を'作る,話す / 『糸を紡ぐ』;〈クモ・カイコなどが〉糸を吐く / 〈こまなどが〉くるくる回る / 〈車などが〉疾走する / 〈頭などが〉くらくらする / 〈C〉〈U〉くるくる回すこと;回転 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(車などの)一走り / 〈C〉(飛行機の)きりもみ降下 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(価値などの)急落
2. 〈U〉〈C〉『綱,ひも』(stringより太くropeより細い) / 〈U〉〈C〉束縛,きずな / 〈C〉〈U〉(電気の)『コード』,線 / (またchord)〈C〉(動物体の)索状組織,腱(けん) / 〈C〉うね織り,(特に)コールテン;(うね織りの)うね;《複数形で》コールテンのズボン / 〈C〉コード(材木の容積の単位で約6.25m) / …'を'綱(ひも)で縛る
3. 背骨の / せき髄麻酔
4. (驚いて)わあっ,えっ

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/08/22 09:06:08」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Spinal tumors
Classification and external resources
Specialty	oncology
ICD-10	C72.0
ICD-9-CM	192.2
DiseasesDB	31483
MedlinePlus	001403
eMedicine	orthoped/49 med/2993, radio/169
MeSH	C04.557.465.220

Spinal tumors are neoplasms located in the spinal cord. Extradural tumors are more common than intradural neoplasms.

Depending on their location, the spinal cord tumors can be:

• Extradural - outside the dura mater lining (most common)
• Intradural - part of the dura
  • Intramedullary - inside the spinal cord
  • Extramedullary- inside the dura, but outside the spinal cord

Pathology

Extradural tumors are mostly metastases from primary cancers elsewhere (commonly breast, prostate and lung cancer). Intradural tumours can be classified as intramedullary (within the spinal parenchyma) or extramedullary (within the dura, but outside the spinal parenchyma). Extramedullary tumours are more common than intramedullary tumours. Common extramedullary tumours include meningiomas, schwannomas, extramedullary ependymomas, haemangioblastomas, while intramedullary tumours include astrocytomas and intramedullary ependymomas.

Symptoms

Pain is the most common symptom at presentation. The symptoms seen are due to spinal nerve compression and weakening of the vertebral structure. Incontinence and decreased sensitivity in the saddle area (buttocks) are generally considered warning signs of spinal cord compression by the tumor. Other symptoms of spinal cord compression include lower extremity weakness, sensory loss, numbness in hands and legs and rapid onset paralysis. The diagnosis of primary spinal cord tumors is very difficult, mainly due to its symptoms, which tend to be wrongly attributed to more common and benign degenerative spinal diseases.

Spinal cord compression is commonly found in patients with metastatic malignancy. Back pain is a primary symptom of spinal cord compression in patients with known malignancy. It may prompt a bone scan to confirm or exclude spinal metastasis. Rapid identification and intervention of malignant spinal tumors, often causing spinal cord compression, is key to maintaining quality of life in patients.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of primary spinal cord tumors is difficult, mainly due to their symptoms, which in early stages mimic more common and benign degenerative spinal diseases. MRI and bone scanning are used for diagnostic purposes. This assesses not only the location of the tumor(s) but also their relationship with the spinal cord and the risk of cord compression.

Treatment

• Steroids (e.g. corticosteroids) may be administered if there is evidence of spinal cord compression. These do not affect the tumoral mass itself, but tend to reduce the inflammatory reaction around it, and thus decrease the overall volume of the mass impinging on the spinal cord.
• Radiotherapy may be administered to patients with malignant tumors. Radiation is usually delivered to the involved segment in the spinal cord as well as to the uninvolved segment above and below the involved segment.
• Surgery is sometimes possible. The goals of surgical treatment for spinal tumors can include histologic diagnosis, tumor local control or oncological cure, pain relief, spinal cord decompression and restoration of neurological function, restoration of spine stability, and deformity rectification. Extramedullary tumours are more amenable to resection than intramedullary tumours.
• The combination of minimally invasive surgery and radiation or chemotherapy is a new technique for treating spinal tumors. This treatment can be tailored to the particular tumor of the spine, either metastatic or primary.
• Some suggest that direct decompressive surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy, provide better outcomes than treatment with radiotherapy alone for patients with spinal cord compression due to metastatic cancer. It is also important to take into consideration the prognosis of the patients and their ambulation status at diagnosis, and treat accordingly.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 脊髄腫瘍 spinal cord tumors
• 2. 小児における中枢神経系腫瘍の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of central nervous system tumors in children
• 3. 硬膜内神経鞘腫 intradural nerve sheath tumors
• 4. 馬尾症候群などの腫瘍による硬膜外脊髄圧迫の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of neoplastic epidural spinal cord compression including cauda equina syndrome
• 5. 馬尾症候群などの腫瘍による硬膜外脊髄圧迫の治療および予後 treatment and prognosis of neoplastic epidural spinal cord compression including cauda equina syndrome

English Journal

• Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells suppress spinal inflammation in mice with contribution of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP).

• Tsumuraya T1, Ohtaki H, Song D, Sato A, Watanabe J, Hiraizumi Y, Nakamachi T, Xu Z, Dohi K, Hashimoto H, Atsumi T, Shioda S.
• Journal of neuroinflammation.J Neuroinflammation.2015 Dec;12(1):252. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0252-5. Epub 2015 Feb 22.
• BACKGROUND: Adult human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow have been reported to exhibit beneficial effects on spinal cord injury (SCI). A neuropeptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is known to decrease neuronal cell death and inflammatory response
• PMID 25779438

• Estrogen alters baseline and inflammatory-induced cytokine levels independent from hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity.

• Shivers KY1, Amador N2, Abrams L3, Hunter D4, Jenab S2, Quiñones-Jenab V2.
• Cytokine.Cytokine.2015 Apr;72(2):121-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.01.007. Epub 2015 Jan 31.
• Although estrogen reduces inflammatory-mediated pain responses, the mechanisms behind its effects are unclear. This study investigated if estrogen modulates inflammatory signaling by reducing baseline or inflammation-induced cytokine levels in the injury-site, serum, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and/or
• PMID 25647266

• Oxytocin in the paraventricular nucleus attenuates incision-induced mechanical allodynia.

• Zhang Y1, Yang Y1, Dai R2, Wu H3, Li C4, Guo Q1.
• Experimental and therapeutic medicine.Exp Ther Med.2015 Apr;9(4):1351-1356. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
• Oxytocin (OT) neurons localized in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) send fibers to the brain and spinal cord. While most previous studies have looked at the role of OT in chronic pain, few have investigated the role of OT in acute pain, particularly postoperative pain.
• PMID 25780434

Japanese Journal

• Optimal Timing of Surgery for Intramedullary Cavernous Hemangioma of the Spinal Cord in Relation to Preoperative Motor Paresis, Disease Duration, and Tumor Volume and Location

• Global Spine Journal 7(3), 246-253, 2017-06
• NAID 120006370578

• 脊髄腫瘍 (一目でわかる症例シリーズ(Vol.14)運動失調・麻痺(2))

• SA medicine : Journal of small animal medicine 23(2), 24-29, 2017
• NAID 40021176238

• 腰髄に転移した atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor の髄液細胞診の 1 例

• 日本臨床細胞学会雑誌 56(6), 303-307, 2017
• NAID 130006315446

Related Pictures

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「帯状痛」「脊髄腫瘍」「spinal cord neoplasm」
関連記事	「cord」「spinal」「cor」「spin」「tumor」

「帯状痛」

　　[★]

英

girdle pain

• 体幹を取り巻くように分布する神経根痛である。
• 感染(帯状疱疹)、神経根、肋間神経、脊髄などの炎症、脊髄瘻、脊髄腫瘍による後根/脊髄後根が障害/刺激されることに寄って生じる。
• 痛みは神経障害性疼痛であるが、異和感、神経痛様、刺痛、絞扼痛など様々である。

MINT

• M Malformation：脊髄空洞症 syringomyelia
• I Inflammation：帯状疱疹 herpes zoster, 脊髄癆 [[tabes dorsalis, 硬膜外膿瘍 epidural abscess
• N Neoplasm： 神経根を巻き込む脊髄腫瘍 spinal cord tumor
• T Trauma：椎体骨折、肋骨骨折、胸椎椎間板ヘルニア
• その他：多発性硬化症 multiple sclerosis, 悪性貧血に伴う亜急性連合性脊髄変性症

「脊髄腫瘍」

　　[★]

英

spinal cord tumor, spinal cord tumors

部位	頻度(%)	ミエログラフィー	腫瘍の種類
硬膜外腫瘍	30	H型	転移性腫瘍(肺癌　＞　乳癌　＞　リンパ腫)
硬膜内髄外腫瘍	50	騎跨状	良性腫瘍(神経鞘腫　＞　髄膜腫　など)
髄内腫瘍	20	表面浮彫	神経膠腫(上衣腫、星細胞腫)

「spinal cord neoplasm」

　　[★]

脊髄腫瘍、脊髄新生物

関

spinal cord tumor

「cord」

　　[★]

• n.

• コード、ひも、索、腱

関

chorda、chordae、chordal、code、tendon、trabecula、trabeculae

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「spinal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 脊髄の、脊髄性の、脊柱の

関

dorsal spine、rachis、spinal column、spinal cord、spine、vertebral column

　 　

「cor」

　　[★]

• n. (pl. cordia

• 心臓

関

(n.)precordia 前胸部、(adj.)precordial 前胸部の

　

「spin」

　　[★]

• スピン

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「tumor」

　　[★]

• n.

• 腫瘍、腫瘤、腫脹