spinal cord tumors

脊髄腫瘍

WordNet

1. work natural fibers into a thread; "spin silk"
2. prolong or extend; "spin out a visit" (同)spin out
3. the act of rotating rapidly; "he gave the crank a spin"; "it broke off after much twisting" (同)twirl, twist, twisting, whirl
4. a distinctive interpretation (especially as used by politicians to sway public opinion); "the campaign put a favorable spin on the story"
5. a short drive in a car; "he took the new car for a spin"
6. a swift whirling motion (usually of a missile)
7. revolve quickly and repeatedly around ones own axis; "The dervishes whirl around and around without getting dizzy" (同)spin around, whirl, reel, gyrate
8. form a web by making a thread; "spiders spin a fine web"
9. make up a story; "spin a yarn"
10. stream in jets, of liquids; "The creek spun its course through the woods"
11. twist and turn so as to give an intended interpretation; "The Presidents spokesmen had to spin the story to make it less embarrassing"
12. stack in cords; "cord firewood"
13. a unit of amount of wood cut for burning; 128 cubic feet
14. a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton (同)corduroy
15. a light insulated conductor for household use (同)electric cord
16. a line made of twisted fibers or threads; "the bundle was tied with a cord"
17. bind or tie with a cord
18. of or relating to the spine or spinal cord; "spinal cord"; "spinal injury"
19. an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose (同)tumour, neoplasm

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (羊毛などから)〈糸など〉‘を'『紡ぐ』《+『名』+『out of』+『名』〈羊毛〉》,(糸などに)〈羊毛など〉‘を'紡ぐ《+『名』〈羊毛〉+『into』+『名』》 / 〈クモ・カイコなどが〉〈糸〉‘を'『吐く』;〈巣・繭〉‘を'かける / …‘を'くるくる回す / 〈物語など〉‘を'作る,話す / 『糸を紡ぐ』;〈クモ・カイコなどが〉糸を吐く / 〈こまなどが〉くるくる回る / 〈車などが〉疾走する / 〈頭などが〉くらくらする / 〈C〉〈U〉くるくる回すこと;回転 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(車などの)一走り / 〈C〉(飛行機の)きりもみ降下 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(価値などの)急落
2. 〈U〉〈C〉『綱,ひも』(stringより太くropeより細い) / 〈U〉〈C〉束縛,きずな / 〈C〉〈U〉(電気の)『コード』,線 / (またchord)〈C〉(動物体の)索状組織,腱(けん) / 〈C〉うね織り,(特に)コールテン;(うね織りの)うね;《複数形で》コールテンのズボン / 〈C〉コード(材木の容積の単位で約6.25m) / …'を'綱(ひも)で縛る
3. 背骨の / せき髄麻酔
4. (驚いて)わあっ,えっ

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/07/19 09:54:14」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Spinal tumors
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	C72.0
ICD-9	192.2
DiseasesDB	31483
MedlinePlus	001403
eMedicine	orthoped/49 med/2993, radio/169
MeSH	C04.557.465.220

Spinal tumors are neoplasms located in the spinal cord. Extradural tumors are more common than intradural neoplasms.

Depending on their location, the spinal cord tumors can be:

• Extradural - outside the dura mater lining (most common)
• Intradural - part of the dura
  • Intramedullary - inside the spinal cord
  • Extramedullary- inside the dura, but outside the spinal cord

Pathology

Extradural tumors are mostly metastases from primary cancers elsewhere (commonly breast, prostate and lung cancer). Primary tumors may be benign (e.g. hemangioma) or malignant in nature.

Symptoms

The symptoms seen are due to spinal nerve compression and weakening of the vertebral structure. Incontinence and decreased sensitivity in the saddle area (buttocks) are generally considered warning signs of spinal cord compression by the tumor. Other symptoms of spinal cord compression include lower extremity weakness, sensory loss, and rapid onset paralysis. The diagnosis of primary spinal cord tumors is very difficult, mainly due to its symptoms, which tend to be wrongly attributed to more common and benign degenerative spinal diseases.

Spinal cord compression is commonly found in patients with metastatic malignancy. Back pain is a primary symptom of spinal cord compression in patients with known malignancy. It may prompt a bone scan to confirm or exclude spinal metastasis. Rapid identification and intervention of malignant spinal tumors, often causing spinal cord compression, is key to maintaining quality of life in patients.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of primary spinal cord tumors is difficult, mainly due to their symptoms, which in early stages mimic more common and benign degenerative spinal diseases. MRI and bone scanning are used for diagnostic purposes. This assesses not only the location of the tumor(s) but also their relationship with the spinal cord and the risk of cord compression.

Treatment

• Steroids (e.g. corticosteroids) may be administered if there is evidence of spinal cord compression. These do not affect the tumoral mass itself, but tend to reduce the inflammatory reaction around it, and thus decrease the overall volume of the mass impinging on the spinal cord.
• Radiotherapy may be administered to patients with malignant tumors. Radiation is usually delivered to the involved segment in the spinal cord as well as to the uninvolved segment above and below the involved segment.
• Surgery is sometimes possible. The goals of surgical treatment for spinal tumors can comprise of histologic diagnosis, tumor local control or oncological cure, pain relief, spinal cord decompression and restoration of neurological function, restoration of spine stability, and deformity rectification.
• The combination of Minimally Invasive Surgery and Radiation or Chemotherapy is a new, minimally invasive technique, pioneered at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York by Dr. Arthur Jenkins *[1] This treatment can be tailored to the particular tumor of the spine, either metastatic or primary. [2]

Some suggest that direct decompressive surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy provide better outcomes than treatment with radiotherapy alone for patients with spinal cord compression due to metastatic cancer. It is also important to take into consideration the prognosis of the patients and their ambulation status at diagnosis, and treat accordingly.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 脊髄腫瘍 spinal cord tumors
• 2. 小児における中枢神経系腫瘍の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of central nervous system tumors in children
• 3. 馬尾症候群などの腫瘍による硬膜外脊髄圧迫の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of neoplastic epidural spinal cord compression including cauda equina syndrome
• 4. 小児における中枢神経系腫瘍の疫学 epidemiology of central nervous system tumors in children
• 5. 筋力低下を呈する小児の病因および評価 etiology and evaluation of the child with muscle weakness

English Journal

• Spinal cord ependymomas in children and adolescents.

• Benesch M, Frappaz D, Massimino M.SourceDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036, Graz, Austria, martin.benesch@klinikum-graz.at.
• Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery.Childs Nerv Syst.2012 Dec;28(12):2017-28. doi: 10.1007/s00381-012-1908-4. Epub 2012 Sep 8.
• BACKGROUND: Spinal cord ependymomas are very rare among children and adolescents. Due to their rarity, our current knowledge of these tumors is based on case reports and few retrospective case series.METHODS: The present review summarizes the currently available literature on childhood spinal cord e
• PMID 22961356

• Adaptive/Nonadaptive Proton Radiation Planning and Outcomes in a Phase II Trial for Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

• Koay EJ, Lege D, Mohan R, Komaki R, Cox JD, Chang JY.SourceDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
• International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.2012 Dec 1;84(5):1093-100. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.041. Epub 2012 Apr 27.
• PURPOSE: To analyze dosimetric variables and outcomes after adaptive replanning of radiation therapy during concurrent high-dose protons and chemotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODS AND MATERIALS: Nine of 44 patients with stage III NSCLC in a prospective phase II
• PMID 22543217

Japanese Journal

• Segmental Pedicle Screw Fixation for a Scoliosis Patient with Post-laminectomy and Post-irradiation Thoracic Kyphoscoliosis of Spinal Astrocytoma

• Tanaka Masato,Sugimoto Yoshihiro,Misawa Haruo,Takigawa Tomoyuki,Kunisada Toshiyuki,Ozaki Toshifumi
• Acta Medica Okayama 66(4), 363-368, 2012-08
• … Spinal deformity is an important clinical manifestation after surgery for spinal cord tumors. … One-third of patients who receive laminectomies and irradiation of the spinal column develop scoliosis, kyphosis, or kyphoscoliosis. …
• NAID 120004622486

• 図説 脊椎・脊髄疾患シリーズ(No.4)脊髄腫瘍と脊椎腫瘍

• 金子 慎二郎,町田 正文,塩田 匡宣 [他]
• 医療 : 国立医療学会誌 66(4), 160-166, 2012-04
• NAID 40019328045

Related Links

• AANS - Spinal Tumors

Spinal Tumors July, 2014 A spinal tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue within or surrounding the spinal cord and/or spinal column. These cells grow and multiply uncontrollably, seemingly unchecked by the mechanisms that control ...

• Overview - Spinal cord tumor - Mayo Clinic

A spinal tumor is a growth that develops within your spinal canal or within the bones of your spine. It may be cancerous or noncancerous. Tumors that affect the bones of the spine (vertebrae) are known as vertebral tumors. Tumors ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「脊髄腫瘍」
関連記事	「cord」「spinal」「cor」「spin」「tumor」

「脊髄腫瘍」

　　[★]

英

spinal cord tumor, spinal cord tumors

部位	頻度(%)	ミエログラフィー	腫瘍の種類
硬膜外腫瘍	30	H型	転移性腫瘍(肺癌　＞　乳癌　＞　リンパ腫)
硬膜内髄外腫瘍	50	騎跨状	良性腫瘍(神経鞘腫　＞　髄膜腫　など)
髄内腫瘍	20	表面浮彫	神経膠腫(上衣腫、星細胞腫)

「cord」

　　[★]

• n.

• コード、ひも、索、腱

関

chorda、chordae、chordal、code、tendon、trabecula、trabeculae

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「spinal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 脊髄の、脊髄性の、脊柱の

関

dorsal spine、rachis、spinal column、spinal cord、spine、vertebral column

　 　

「cor」

　　[★]

• n. (pl. cordia

• 心臓

関

(n.)precordia 前胸部、(adj.)precordial 前胸部の

　

「spin」

　　[★]

• スピン

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「tumor」

　　[★]

• n.

• 腫瘍、腫瘤、腫脹