同: PP

WordNet

of or involving the pancreas; "pancreatic cancer"
a peptide containing 10 to more than 100 amino acids

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膵臓の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/01 04:27:32」(JST)

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IHC for Pancreatic polypeptide in a mouse pancreas, 200×

Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a polypeptide secreted by PP cells in the endocrine pancreas predominantly in the head of the pancreas. It consists of 36 amino acids and has molecular weight about 4200 Da.^[1]

The function of PP is to self-regulate pancreatic secretion activities (endocrine and exocrine); it also has effects on hepatic glycogen levels and gastrointestinal secretions.

Its secretion in humans is increased after a protein meal, fasting, exercise, and acute hypoglycemia and is decreased by somatostatin and intravenous glucose.

Plasma PP has been shown to be reduced in conditions associated with increased food intake and elevated in anorexia nervosa. In addition, peripheral administration of PP has been shown to decrease food intake in rodents.^[2] PP is secreted by PP pancreatic cells of Langerhans islets. It stimulates the gastric juice secretion, but inhibits the gastric secretion induced by pentagastrine. It is the antagonist of cholecystokinin and inhibits the pancreatic secretion which was stimulated by cholecystokinin. On fasting, PP seric concentration is 80 pg/ml; after the meal, it rises up from 8 to 10 times more; glucose and fats also induce PP's level increase, but on parenteral introduction of those substances, the level of hormones doesn't change. The administration of atropine, the vagotomy, blocks the PP's after-meal secretion. The excitation of the vagus nerve, the administration of gastrin, secretin or cholecystokinin induce PP secretion.

The augmentation of PP secretion was observed in hormonal-active pancreatic tumors (insulin, glucagon), in Verner-Morrison syndrome, and in gastrinomas.

References

^ Lonovics J, Devitt P, Watson LC, Rayford PL, Thompson JC (Oct 1981). "Pancreatic polypeptide". Arch Surg. 116 (10): 1256–64. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1981.01380220010002. PMID 7025798.
^ Batterham, RL; Le Roux, CW; Cohen, MA; Park, AJ; Ellis, SM; Patterson, M; Frost, GS; Ghatei, MA; Bloom, SR (Aug 2003). "Pancreatic polypeptide reduces appetite and food intake in humans". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 88 (8): 3989–92. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030630. PMID 12915697. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

External links

Physiology at MCG 6/6ch2/s6ch2_25
Pancreatic polypeptide at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
BBC Hope over 'obesity-busting gum' 15 January 2007
http://library.usmf.md/downloads/ebooks/Endocrinology_Anestiadi_en_2003/Lecture_11_p.(167-200).pdf

This article on a gene on chromosome 17 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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1. 膵ポリペプチド、ペプチドYY、およびニューロペプチドY pancreatic polypeptide peptide yy and neuropeptide y
2. 膵神経内分泌腫瘍（膵島細胞腫瘍）の分類、疫学、臨床症状、局在、および病期分類 classification epidemiology clinical presentation localization and staging of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors islet cell tumors
3. 膵管癒合不全の解剖学および臨床的意義 anatomy and clinical significance of pancreas divisum
4. 多発性内分泌腫瘍1型：治療 multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 treatment
5. 胃運動機能不全：病因、臨床症状、および診断 gastroparesis etiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis

English Journal

Gastrointestinal hormones and their role in obesity.

Choudhury SM1, Tan TM, Bloom SR.
Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity.Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes.2016 Feb;23(1):18-22. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000216.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pandemic obesity is the most pressing health issue of this century. The most successful treatment so far is bariatric surgery, but for various reasons, surgery cannot be applied to all patients who require treatment. Gastrointestinal hormones are likely to play a key role in the s
PMID 26702847

Graphene oxide inhibits hIAPP amyloid fibrillation and toxicity in insulin-producing NIT-1 cells.

Nedumpully-Govindan P1, Gurzov EN, Chen P, Pilkington EH, Stanley WJ, Litwak SA, Davis TP, Ke PC, Ding F.
Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.Phys Chem Chem Phys.2016 Jan 7;18(1):94-100. doi: 10.1039/c5cp05924k. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP or amylin) aggregation is directly associated with pancreatic β-cell death and subsequent insulin deficiency in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Since no cure is currently available for T2D, it is of great benefit to devise new anti-aggregation molecules, which protect
PMID 26625841

Inhibition of IAPP Aggregation and Toxicity by Natural Products and Derivatives.

Pithadia A1, Brender JR1, Fierke CA1, Ramamoorthy A1.
Journal of diabetes research.J Diabetes Res.2016;2016:2046327. doi: 10.1155/2016/2046327. Epub 2015 Nov 15.
Fibrillar aggregates of human islet amyloid polypeptide, hIAPP, a pathological feature seen in some diabetes patients, are a likely causative agent for pancreatic beta-cell toxicity, leading to a transition from a state of insulin resistance to type II diabetes through the loss of insulin producing
PMID 26649317

Japanese Journal

The effect of gastric inhibitory polypeptide on intestinal glucose absorption and intestinal motility in mice.

Ogawa Eiichi,Hosokawa Masaya,Harada Norio,Yamane Shunsuke,Hamasaki Akihiro,Toyoda Kentaro,Fujimoto Shimpei,Fujita Yoshihito,Fukuda Kazuhito,Tsukiyama Katsushi,Yamada Yuichiro,Seino Yutaka,Inagaki Nobuya
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 404(1), 115-120, 2011-01-07
… Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is released from the small intestine upon meal ingestion and increases insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells. …
NAID 120002737766

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide産生膵腫瘍による大量下痢からの循環・腎機能不全に対し持続的血液濾過透析など生命補助下に腫瘍切除しえた1例

廣瀬哲朗,西村充孝,東大介,高橋則尋,山岡竜也,安田勝太郎,石川順英,嶋田俊秀,荻野哲朗,西平友彦
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 43(6), 640-646, 2010-06-01
… る腎不全となり当院へ転送,循環不全,高度アシドーシス,低カリウムに対し輸液管理,塩酸ロペラミド・酢酸オクトレオチド投与,透析・持続的血液濾過透析で生命維持を図りつつ,臨床症状よりvasoactive intestinal polypeptide産生腫瘍による下痢を疑い,その血清中の高値確認後速やかに膵体尾部切除術を施行した.術後下痢は2日で収束し透析・持続的血液濾過透析より離脱でき救命できた.循環不全,高度アシドーシスで周術期に透 …
NAID 110007656696

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

国試過去問	「103E002」
リンク元	「ソマトスタチン」「PP」「膵ポリペプチド」「膵臓ポリペプチド」
拡張検索	「pancreatic polypeptide cell」「pancreatic polypeptide-secreting cell」
関連記事	「pancreatic」「polypeptide」

「103E002」

pancreatic polypeptide
Identifiers
Symbol	PPY
Entrez	5539
HUGO	9327
OMIM	167780
RefSeq	NM_002722
UniProt	P01298
Other data
Locus	Chr. 17 p11.1-qter

　　[★]

膵液中の重炭酸イオンの分泌を刺激するのはどれか。

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［103E001］←［国試_103］→［103E003］

「ソマトスタチン」

　　[★]

英: somatostatin (Z)
同: 膵ソマトスタチン pancreatic somatostatin、成長ホルモン分泌抑制因子 growth hormone release inhibiting hormone(GH-RIH)、somatotropin release inhibiting factor(SRIF)
関: 消化管ホルモン

成長ホルモンに拮抗する作用を有する
成長に必要な栄養の消化吸収を抑制

分類

消化管ホルモン？・中枢神経系のホルモン(様々なところで発現しており、多くの生理活性により神経の調節を行っている(参考1))？

性状

ペプチド

環状構造を取っており、ジスルフィド結合によりこの構造が保たれている。
二つの型があり、共通のpreprohormonが転写後プロセッシングを受けてsomatostatin-14(14 a.a.)とsomatostatin-28(28 a.a.)ができる。somatostatin-14はsomatostatin-28のC末の配列と同一である。