- 関
- NES
WordNet
- place signs, as along a road; "sign an intersection"; "This road has been signed"
- (medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease; "there were no signs of asphyxiation"
- a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened); "he showed signs of strain"; "they welcomed the signs of spring" (同)mark
- a character indicating a relation between quantities; "dont forget the minus sign"
- a fundamental linguistic unit linking a signifier to that which is signified; "The bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary"--de Saussure
- a gesture that is part of a sign language
- a public display of a message; "he posted signs in all the shop windows"
- engage by written agreement; "They signed two new pitchers for the next season" (同)contract, sign on, sign_up
- approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation; "All parties ratified the peace treaty"; "Have you signed your contract yet?" (同)ratify
- communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs; "He signed his disapproval with a dismissive hand gesture"; "The diner signaled the waiters to bring the menu" (同)signal, signalize, signalise
- mark with ones signature; write ones name (on); "She signed the letter and sent it off"; "Please sign here" (同)subscribe
- be engaged by a written agreement; "He signed to play the casino on Dec. 18"; "The soprano signed to sing the new opera"
- communicate in sign language; "I dont know how to sign, so I could not communicate with my deaf cousin"
- notably out of the ordinary; "the year saw one signal triumph for the Labour party"
- an electric quantity (voltage or current or field strength) whose modulation represents coded information about the source from which it comes
- any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message; "signals from the boat suddenly stopped" (同)signaling, sign
- any incitement to action; "he awaited the signal to start"; "the victory was a signal for wild celebration"
- transfer (electronic data) out of a database or document in a format that can be used by other programs
- commodities (goods or services) sold to a foreign country (同)exportation
- cause to spread in another part of the world; "The Russians exported Marxism to Africa"
- sell or transfer abroad; "we export less than we import and have a negative trade balance"
- of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of an atom; "nuclear physics"; "nuclear fission"; "nuclear forces"
- (weapons) deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy; "nuclear war"; "nuclear weapons"; "atomic bombs" (同)atomic
- constituting or like a nucleus; "annexation of the suburban fringe by the nuclear metropolis"; "the nuclear core of the congregation"
- of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of a cell; "nuclear membrane"; "nuclear division"
- the commercial activity of selling and shipping goods to a foreign country (同)exportation
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (ある事実・状態・感情などの)『表れ』,印,気配,徴侯(indication);(…の)こん跡,計跡《+『of』+『名』》・『身ぶり』,手まね,合図 / 『標識』,看板 / (数学・音楽などの)記号 / (…の)『象徴』,シンボル(symbol)《+『of』+『名』》・《文》(…の)『前兆』,きざし《+『of』+『名』》・宮(きゅう)(黄道12区分の一つ) ・〈手紙・書類・作品など〉‘に'『署名する』・(…に)〈名前など〉‘を'書く《+『名』+『on』(『to』)+『名』》 / …‘を'雇う契約に署名する・…‘を'合図する,知らせる;…に合図する・署名する・契約書に署名して雇われる
- (警告・指示・情報などを伝える)『信号』,合図 / (…の)きっかけ,動機,導火線《+『for』+『名』》 / 〈人・車など〉‘に'『合図する』,信号を送る / …‘を'『合図』(信号)『で知らせる』 / 『合図する』,信号する / 合図の,信号の / めざましい,顕著な
- (外国へ)〈商品〉‘を'『輸出する』《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉『輸出品』 / 〈U〉(…の)『輸出』《+『of』+『名』》
- 『核の』,細胞核の / [『原子』]『核の』
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/04/05 23:58:33」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
A nuclear export signal (NES) is a short amino acid sequence of 4 hydrophobic residues in a protein that targets it for export from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex using nuclear transport. It has the opposite effect of a nuclear localization signal, which targets a protein located in the cytoplasm for import to the nucleus. The NES is recognized and bound by exportins. In silico analysis of known NESs found the most common spacing of the hydrophobic residues to be LxxxLxxLxL, where "L" is a hydrophobic residue (often leucine) and "x" is any other amino acid; the spacing of these hydrophobic residues may be explained by examination of known structures that contain an NES, as the critical residues usually lie in the same face of adjacent secondary structures within a protein, which allows them to interact with the exportin.[1] Ribonucleic acid (RNA) are composed of nucleotides, and thus, lack the nuclear export signal to move out of the nucleus. As a result, most forms of RNA will bind to a protein molecule to form a ribonucleoprotein complex to be exported from the nucleus.
Nuclear export first begins with the binding of Ran-GTP (a G-protein) to exportin. This causes a shape change in exportin, increasing its affinity for the export cargo. Once the cargo is bound, the Ran-exportin-cargo complex moves out of the nucleus through the nuclear pore. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) then hydrolyze the Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, and this causes a shape change and subsequent exportin release. Once no longer bound to Ran, the exportin molecule loses affinity for the nuclear cargo as well, and the complex falls apart. Exportin and Ran-GDP are recycled to the nucleus separately, and guanine exchange factor (GEF) in the nucleus switches the GDP for GTP on Ran.
References
- ^ la Cour T, Kiemer L, Mølgaard A, Gupta R, Skriver K, Brunak S (June 2004). "Analysis and prediction of leucine-rich nuclear export signals". Protein Eng. Des. Sel. 17 (6): 527–36. doi:10.1093/protein/gzh062. PMID 15314210.
External links
Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource motif class TRG_NES_CRM1_1
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Identification of the Physiological Gene Targets of the Essential Lytic Replicative Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus ORF57 Protein.
- Verma D1, Li DJ1, Krueger B2, Renne R2, Swaminathan S3.
- Journal of virology.J Virol.2015 Feb 1;89(3):1688-702. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02663-14. Epub 2014 Nov 19.
- The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) ORF57 gene product is essential for lytic KSHV replication and virion production. Recombinant ORF57-null mutants fail to accumulate several lytic cycle mRNAs at wild-type levels, leading to decreased production of lytic proteins necessary for effici
- PMID 25410858
- Cdc6 localizes to S- and G2-phase centrosomes in a cell cycle-dependent manner.
- Kim GS1, Kang J1, Bang SW1, Hwang DS2.
- Biochemical and biophysical research communications.Biochem Biophys Res Commun.2015 Jan 16;456(3):763-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.12.018. Epub 2014 Dec 11.
- The Cdc6 protein has been primarily investigated as a component of the pre-replicative complex for the initiation of chromosome replication, which contributes to maintenance of chromosomal integrity. Here, we show that Cdc6 localized to the centrosomes during S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. The c
- PMID 25498505
- Asparagine 326 in the extremely C-terminal region of XRCC4 is essential for the cell survival after irradiation.
- Wanotayan R1, Fukuchi M1, Imamichi S1, Sharma MK1, Matsumoto Y2.
- Biochemical and biophysical research communications.Biochem Biophys Res Commun.2015 Jan 15. pii: S0006-291X(15)00037-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.015. [Epub ahead of print]
- XRCC4 is one of the crucial proteins in the repair of DNA double-strand break (DSB) through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). As XRCC4 consists of 336 amino acids, N-terminal 200 amino acids include domains for dimerization and for association with DNA ligase IV and XLF and shown to be essential fo
- PMID 25597996
Japanese Journal
- Nuclear export of the influenza virus ribonucleoprotein complex: Interaction of Hsc70 with viral proteins M1 and NS2
- Watanabe Ken,Shimizu Teppei,Noda Saiko,Tsukahara Fujiko,Maru Yoshiro,Kobayashi Nobuyuki
- FEBS Open Bio 4, 683-688, 2014
- … NS2 has a nuclear export signal that mediates the nuclear export of vRNP by the vRNP-M1-NS2 complex. … We previously reported that the heat shock cognate 70 (Hsc70) protein binds to M1 protein and mediates vRNP export. …
- NAID 120005477025
- The USP21 Short Variant (USP21SV) Lacking NES, Located Mostly in the Nucleus In Vivo, Activates Transcription by Deubiquitylating ubH2A In Vitro
- Okuda Hiroshi,Ohdan Hideki,Nakayama Manabu,Koseki Haruhiko,Nakagawa Takeya,Ito Takashi
- PLoS ONE 8(11), e79813, 2013-11-22
- … Here, we identified a USP21 short variant (USP21SV) lacking a nuclear export signal (NES). …
- NAID 120005438867
- Mechanistic insights from the recent structures of the CRM1 nuclear export complex and its disassembly intermediate
- Koyama Masako,Matsuura Yoshiyuki
- BIOPHYSICS 8(0), 145-150, 2012
- … CRM1 (also known as exportin 1 or Xpo1) is the most versatile nuclear export receptor (exportin) that carries a broad range of proteins and ribonucleoproteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex. …
- NAID 130003310839
Related Links
- A nuclear export signal (NES) is a short amino acid sequence of 4 hydrophobic residues in a protein that targets it for export from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex. It has the opposite effect of a ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 関
- nuclear export signal
[★]
- 英
- nuclear export signal、NES
- 関
- 核外輸送シグナル
[★]
- 英
- nuclear export signal、NES
- 関
- 核外移行シグナル
[★]
- 関
- drain、draining、efferent、egest、egestion、eject、eliminate、elimination、emission、emit、excrete、excretion、expel
[★]
- 関
- indication、manifestation、signature、stigma、stigmata、symptom、symptomatic
[★]
- 関
- cell nuclei、cell nucleus、nuclei、nucleo、nucleus
[★]
- 関
- signal transduction、signalling
[★]
- 関
- nuclear import、nuclear transport、nucleocytoplasmic transport