n.

ライセンス、免許、認可

関: approval、approve、authorization、authorize、certification、certify、permission、permit、sanction

WordNet

authorize officially; "I am licensed to practice law in this state" (同)licence, certify
excessive freedom; lack of due restraint; "when liberty becomes license dictatorship is near"- Will Durant; "the intolerable license with which the newspapers break...the rules of decorum"- Edmund Burke (同)licence
freedom to deviate deliberately from normally applicable rules or practices (especially in behavior or speech) (同)licence
the act of giving a formal (usually written) authorization (同)permission, permit
a legal document giving official permission to do something (同)licence, permit
give religious sanction to, such as through on oath; "sanctify the marriage"
a mechanism of social control for enforcing a societys standards
the act of final authorization; "it had the sanction of the church"
formal and explicit approval; "a Democrat usually gets the unions endorsement" (同)countenance, endorsement, indorsement, warrant, imprimatur
give authority or permission to
acceptance as satisfactory; "he bought it on approval" (同)favorable reception, favourable reception
a message expressing a favorable opinion; "words of approval seldom passed his lips" (同)commendation
a feeling of liking something or someone good; "although she fussed at them, she secretly viewed all her children with approval"
guarantee payment on; of checks
guarantee as meeting a certain standard; "certified grade AAA meat" (同)endorse, indorse
declare legally insane
consent to, give permission; "She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband"; "I wont let the police search her basement"; "I cannot allow you to see your exam" (同)allow, let, countenance
large game fish; found in waters of the West Indies (同)Trachinotus falcatus
judge to be right or commendable; think well of
give sanction to; "I approve of his educational policies" (同)O.K., okay, sanction
someone to whom a license is granted
a license to sell liquor for consumption on the premises

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(支配者・当局の)『認可』,許可,裁可《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(一般に)(…の)承認,支持《+『for』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《複数形で》(国際法で,国際法違反国に加える)『制裁』 / 〈C〉(正式の)処罰,制裁;(道徳律などの)拘速[力] / 〈支配者・当局が〉…‘を'認可する,裁可する,許可する《+『名』(do『ing』)》 / (一般に)…‘を'承認する,支持する;〈…すること〉‘を'承認する《+do『ing』》
(…に対する)『賛成』,是認《+『to』+『名』》
…'を'証明する,保証する,確認する / (…を)保証する《+『to』+『名』》
〈人が〉…‘を'『許可する』 / 〈物事が〉…‘の'機会を与える,‘を'可能にする / 〈事が〉許す / 許可証(書)
〈事〉'を'『よいと認める』,‘に'賛成する / (正式に)…'を'認可する,承認する / 《『approve of』+『名』(do『ing』)》(…を)承認する,賛成する
〈U〉〈C〉(法的な)『許可』,免許,認可 / 〈C〉『許可証』,免許状;鑑札 / 〈U〉勝手気まま,放縦 / 〈U〉(詩・音楽などの)破格 / 〈法機関が〉…‘に'許可を与える;(…することを)…‘に'許可する《+『名』+『to』 do》
免許(許可)を得た人;(持に)酒類販売免許を受けた人
公に許可された,免許をとった;酒類販売を許された / 世間に認められた

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/20 17:35:31」(JST)

The verb license or grant license means to give permission. The noun licence (British English,^[1] Indian English,^[2] Canadian English,^[3] Australian English,^[4] New Zealand English,^[5] South African English^[6]) or license (American English) refers to that permission as well as to the document recording that permission.

A license may be granted by a party ("licensor") to another party ("licensee") as an element of an agreement between those parties. A shorthand definition of a license is "an authorization (by the licensor) to use the licensed material (by the licensee)."

In particular, a license may be issued by authorities, to allow an activity that would otherwise be forbidden. It may require paying a fee and/or proving a capability. The requirement may also serve to keep the authorities informed on a type of activity, and to give them the opportunity to set conditions and limitations.

A licensor may grant a license under intellectual property laws to authorize a use (such as copying software or using a (patented) invention) to a licensee, sparing the licensee from a claim of infringement brought by the licensor.^[7] A license under intellectual property commonly has several components beyond the grant itself, including a term, territory, renewal provisions, and other limitations deemed vital to the licensor.

Term: many licenses are valid for a particular length of time. This protects the licensor should the value of the license increase, or market conditions change. It also preserves enforceability by ensuring that no license extends beyond the term of the agreement.

Territory: a license may stipulate what territory the rights pertain to. For example, a license with a territory limited to "North America" (Mexico/United States/Canada) would not permit a licensee any protection from actions for use in Japan.

A shorthand definition of license is "a promise by the licensor not to sue the licensee." That means without a license any use or exploitation of intellectual property by a third party would amount to copying or infringement. Such copying would be improper and could, by using the legal system, be stopped if the intellectual property owner wanted to do so.^[8]

It is undeniable that intellectual property licensing plays a major role in today's business and economy. Business practices such as franchising, technology transfer, publication and character merchandising entirely depend on the licensing of intellectual property. Licensing has been recognised as an independent branch of law. It is born out of the interplay of the doctrine of contract and the principles of intellectual property.^{[citation needed]}

Mass licensing of software

Mass distributed software is used by individuals on personal computers under license from the developer of that software. Such license is typically included in a more extensive end-user license agreement (EULA) entered into upon the installation of that software on a computer. Typically, a license is associated with a unique code, that when approved grants the end user access to the software in question.

Under a typical end-user license agreement, the user may install the software on a limited number of computers.

The enforceability of end-user license agreements is sometimes questioned.

Patent license

Trademark and brand licensing

A licensor may grant permission to a licensee to distribute products under a trademark. With such a license, the licensee may use the trademark without fear of a claim of trademark infringement by the licensor. The assignment of a license often depends on specific contractual terms. The most common terms are, that a license is only applicable for a particular geographic region, just for a certain period of time or merely for a stage in the value chain. Moreover there are different types of fees within the trademark and brand licensing. The first form demands a fee independent of sales and profits, the second type of license fee is dependent on the productivity of the licensee.

Artwork and character licensing

A licensor may grant a permission to a licensee to copy and distribute copyrighted works such as "art" (e.g., Thomas Kinkade's painting "Dawn in Los Gatos") and characters (e.g., Mickey Mouse). With such license, a licensee need not fear a claim of copyright infringement brought by the copyright owner.

Artistic license is, however, not related to the aforementioned license. It is a euphemism that denotes approaches in art works where dramatic effect is achieved at the expense of factual accuracy.

Academia

National examples of the License are listed at Licentiate

A license is an academic degree. Originally, in order to teach at a university, one needed this degree which, according to its title, gave the bearer a license to teach. The name survived despite the fact that nowadays a doctorate is typically needed in order to teach at a university. A person who holds a license is called a licentiate.

In Sweden, Finland, and in some other European university systems, a license or 'Licentiate' is a postgraduate degree between the master's degree and the doctorate. The Licentiate is a popular choice in those countries where a full doctoral degree would take five or more years to achieve.

In some other major countries, such as France, Belgium or Poland, a license is achieved before the master's degree (it takes 3 years of studies to become licentiate and 2 additional years to become Master) in France, while in Belgium the license takes 4 years while the master itself takes 2 more years. In Switzerland, a license is a 4-year degree then there is a DEA degree which is equivalent to the Master's degree. In Portugal, before the Bologna process, students would become licentiates after 5 years of studies (4 years in particular cases like Marketing, Management, etc.; and 6 years for Medicine). However, since the adoption of the Bologna Process engineering degrees in Portugal were changed from a 5 year license to a 3 year license followed by 2 years for the MSc: Not having the MSc does not confer accreditation by the Ordem dos Engenheiros.

References

^ See, for instance, the British Government's webpage "Open Government Licence for public sector information". National Archives (UK). Retrieved 20 September 2012.
^ See, for instance, the Indian Government's webpage "How Do I? Obtain Driving Licence: Haryana". Government of India, National Portal. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
^ See, for instance, the Canadian Government's webpage"Driver's Licence". Service Canada, Government of Canada. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
^ See, for instance, the Australian Government's webpage "Registration and licences". Australian Government. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
^ See, for instance, the New Zealand Government's webpage "Your driver licence". NZ Transport Agency, New Zealand Government. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
^ See, for instance, the South African Government's webpage "Renew your driver's licence card". South African government. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
^ Intellectual Property Licensing: Forms and Analysis, by Richard Raysman, Edward A. Pisacreta and Kenneth A. Adler. Law Journal Press, 1999-2008. ISBN 973588520869
^ Licensing Intellectual Property: Law & Management, by Raman Mittal. Satyam Law International, New Delhi, India, 2011. ISBN 978-81-902883-4-7.

External links

Look up licence in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikibooks

Free/Open Source Software:Licensing

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 商業用運転免許の試験 commercial drivers license examination
2. バベシア症の臨床症状、診断、治療、および予防 clinical manifestations diagnosis treatment and prevention of babesiosis
3. 小児に対する入院前ケアの留意事項 pediatric considerations in prehospital care
4. 高齢ドライバーの評価に対するアプローチ approach to the evaluation of older drivers
5. 痙攣発作およびてんかんを有する患者に対する自動車運転の制限 driving restrictions for patients with seizures and epilepsy

English Journal

The new (challenging) role of academia in biomaterial translational research and medical device development.

Kleinbeck K, Anderson E, Ogle M, Burmania J, Kao WJ.SourceDivision of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, 777 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Biointerphases.Biointerphases.2012 Dec;7(1-4):12. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
With the ever-changing landscape of translational research, the medical device and pharmaceutical industries increasingly license technologies with the added value of clinical and/or pre-clinical data rather than those in earlier stages of development. Universities have the potential to fill the gap
PMID 22589055

Motorcycle fatalities among out-of-state riders and the role of universal helmet laws.

French MT, Gumus G, Homer JF.SourceUniversity of Miami, Department of Sociology, 5202 University Drive, Merrick Building, Room 121F, P.O. Box 248162, Coral Gables, FL 33124-2030, USA. Electronic address: mfrench@miami.edu.
Social science & medicine (1982).Soc Sci Med.2012 Nov;75(10):1855-63. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.06.022. Epub 2012 Jul 21.
Several studies have demonstrated that universal helmet laws (UHLs) and other motor vehicle policies are effective in reducing fatal and non-fatal motorcycle injuries. Although state policies can improve traffic safety overall, very little is known about how they affect different segments of motorcy
PMID 22889739

Exploring anterograde associative memory in London taxi drivers.

Woollett K, Maguire EA.SourceWellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
Neuroreport.Neuroreport.2012 Oct 24;23(15):885-8.
London taxi drivers are renowned for their navigation ability, spending a number of years acquiring 'The Knowledge' of London's complex layout and having to pass stringent examinations to obtain an operating licence. In several studies, this navigation skill has been associated with increased poster
PMID 22955143

Childhood urticaria.

Marrouche N, Grattan C.SourceaNorfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich bSt John's Institute of Dermatology, London, UK.
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology.Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol.2012 Oct;12(5):485-90.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The present article reviews childhood urticaria. It provides an update on the current understanding of its pathophysiology and highlights the current practice in the management of this condition.RECENT FINDINGS: Progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of urtica
PMID 22825024

Japanese Journal

ぺた語義:情報科教員のための教員免許更新講習(後)

久野靖
情報処理 56(5), 576-579, 2015-05-15
我が国の教員免許更新講習はこれまで,大学の教育系教員が中心として実施してきており,情報科の教員に向いたものは多くなかった.本稿では,2014年から情報処理学会が開始した情報科教員を想定して内容をデザインした教員免許更新講習について,その実現までの経緯と1日目の様子を紹介している.
NAID 110009900131

EFFECTS OF HOT PACK TREATMENT ON SERUM CORTISOL AND LACTATE IN STUDENTS PREPARING FOR THE NATIONAL LICENSE EXAMINATION

NAGATA HANACHIYO,ITO YUSHI,WATADA JUNZO [他]
ICIC express letters. Part B, Applications : an international journal of research and surveys 6(5), 1329-1335, 2015-05
NAID 40020355653

ぺた語義：情報科教員のための教員免許更新講習（前）

久野靖
情報処理 56(5), 492-495, 2015-04-15
我が国の教員免許更新講習はこれまで，大学の教育系教員が中心として実施してきており，情報科の教員に向いたものは多くなかった．本稿では，2014年から情報処理学会が開始した情報科教員を想定して内容をデザインした教員免許更新講習について，その実現までの経緯と1日目の様子を紹介している．
NAID 170000121466

へ?た語義:情報科教員のための教員免許更新講習(前)

久野靖
情報処理 56(5), 492-495, 2015-04-15
我が国の教員免許更新講習はこれまで,大学の教育系教員が中心として実施してきており,情報科の教員に向いたものは多くなかった.本稿では,2014年から情報処理学会が開始した情報科教員を想定して内容をデザインした教員免許更新講習について,その実現までの経緯と1日目の様子を紹介している.
NAID 110009890390

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「certify」「approve」「認可」「approval」「permit」
拡張検索	「license prepejdic」「license wordnet」「unlicensed」

「certify」

　　[★]

v.

証明する、保証する、認定する、認可する

関: approval、approve、assurance、assure、attest、authorization、authorize、certification、demonstrate、demonstration、endorse、ensure、establish、evidence、guarantee、hallmark、insure、license、permission、permit、proof、prove、proven、qualify、sanction、security、testify、warrant

「approve」

　　[★]

v.

認める、承認する、認可する、同意する、賛成する

関: accept、acceptance、acknowledge、admission、admit、agree、agreement、allow、appreciate、approval、authorization、authorize、certification、certify、consent、detect、license、notice、observe、permission、permit、realize、recognize、sanction

「認可」

　　[★]

英: permission、license、approval、certification、sanction、authorization、permit、permit、approve、certify、authorize
関: 許す、許容、賛成、承認、証明、正当化、可能にする、同意、保証、認める、認定、許可、ライセンス、免許、容認、公認、是認、制裁

「approval」

　　[★]

n.

承認、認可、同意、賛成

関: accept、acceptance、acknowledge、admission、agree、agreement、approve、authorization、authorize、certification、certify、consent、license、permission、permit、sanction

reguratory approval 監督庁の認可

「permit」

　　[★]

vt.

許す、許可する。～させておく、黙認する、許容する。～に移動を揺する、(事情が)～を可能にする

vt.
n.

関: allow、allowance、approval、approve、authorization、authorize、certification、certify、enable、license、permission、sanction、tolerate

「license prepejdic」

　　[★]

PepTutorEJDIC

http://www.tagoemura.com/ptejdic.html

「PrepTutor英和・和英辞書」は「PepTutorEJDIC」に準拠しています。そして「PrepTutorEJDIC」は「ejdic」というパブリックドメインとして流通しているファイルを改訂したものです。

「ejdic」の歴史は古く、1991年にはカーネギーメロン大学の言語学FTPサーバーにすでに存在していたとされています。

京都ノートルダム女子大学のグレッグ・ピーターソン教授からは、調査したにもかかわらず、「ejdic」の出自、作者は不明のままである、とのご報告をいただきました。尚、京都ノートルダム女子大学のPOETSプロジェクトが「ejdic」の出典であるかのように記述しているウェブページがあるものの、実はそうではないのでそのような紹介文のあるウェブページからはその削除を求めたい、との要請が同教授からありました。

モナシュ大学のジム・ブリーン教授からは、同氏が「ejdic」の存在を知るようになったのは1990年代前半であった、との情報が寄せられています。当時「ejdic」は日本の或る企業で使用されており、ファイルそのものの出所はカーネギーメロン大学経由もしくは同大学からと推察された、とのことです。

私自身は、Makigura氏の「XBabylon Translator」というウェブページ（http://www.geocities.jp/nikotuk/xbabylon.html）から「ejdic」をダウンロードさせていただきました。

この中の「README」ファイルには松下電工(株) の半導体研究所システム管理責任者であるW. Phillip Moore氏が「ejdic」を「Carnegie-Mellon 大学の友達からもらった」旨が記載されています。ジム・ブリーン教授によると、この「READ ME」の書かれたのが1991年、とのことでした。

尚、ジム・ブリーン教授から寄せられた「ejdic」の起源に関する最新情報によると、これは既存の辞書を書き写したものが外部に流出してしまったものらしい、とのことです。

ながらくパブリックドメインのファイルとして流通してきた「ejdic」は手を加えれば素晴らしい辞書となる可能性を秘めています。惜しむらくは、オリジナルのファイルは猛烈に誤字が多く、実用的ではありません。

「PrepTutorEJDIC」は、「ejdic」に含まれる数多くの誤字を訂正し、新語を加えることによって「ejdic」を改訂し、より使いやすい辞書に育て上げようという試みです。

その起源に怪しげなところのあることが残念ではありますが、「ejdic」を核として、これを進化させることが有意義であるとの思いから、今回は見切り発車を断行の判断に至りました。

最後になりましたが、詠み人知らずになっております「ejdic」の作者に心から感謝の意を表明したいと思います。もしも「私がejdicの作者だ」という方がいらっしゃれば、是非ご連絡ください。

根岸英語塾：根岸治郎

version1.0　（2003年8月）

「license wordnet」

　　[★]

WordNet

License and Commercial Use of WordNet

Commercial Use

WordNet® is unencumbered, and may be used in commercial applications in accordance with the following license agreement. An attorney representing the commercial interest should review this WordNet license with respect to the intended use.

WordNet License

This license is available as the file LICENSE in any downloaded version of WordNet.

WordNet 3.0 license: (Download)

WordNet Release 3.0 This software and database is being provided to you, the LICENSEE, by Princeton University under the following license. By obtaining, using and/or copying this software and database, you agree that you have read, understood, and will comply with these terms and conditions.: Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and database and its documentation for any purpose and without fee or royalty is hereby granted, provided that you agree to comply with the following copyright notice and statements, including the disclaimer, and that the same appear on ALL copies of the software, database and documentation, including modifications that you make for internal use or for distribution. WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. THIS SOFTWARE AND DATABASE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND PRINCETON UNIVERSITY MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PRINCETON UNIVERSITY MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT- ABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE LICENSED SOFTWARE, DATABASE OR DOCUMENTATION WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADEMARKS OR OTHER RIGHTS. The name of Princeton University or Princeton may not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software and/or database. Title to copyright in this software, database and any associated documentation shall at all times remain with Princeton University and LICENSEE agrees to preserve same.

Home Page

WordNet - Princeton University

http://wordnet.princeton.edu/wordnet/

WordNet - License - Princeton University

http://wordnet.princeton.edu/wordnet/license/

「unlicensed」

　　[★]

無資格の

関: unqualified

[1] See, for instance, the British Government's webpage "Open Government Licence for public sector information". National Archives (UK). Retrieved 20 September 2012.

[2] See, for instance, the Indian Government's webpage "How Do I? Obtain Driving Licence: Haryana". Government of India, National Portal. Retrieved 20 September 2012.

[3] See, for instance, the Canadian Government's webpage"Driver's Licence". Service Canada, Government of Canada. Retrieved 20 September 2012.

[4] See, for instance, the Australian Government's webpage "Registration and licences". Australian Government. Retrieved 20 September 2012.

[5] See, for instance, the New Zealand Government's webpage "Your driver licence". NZ Transport Agency, New Zealand Government. Retrieved 20 September 2012.

[6] See, for instance, the South African Government's webpage "Renew your driver's licence card". South African government. Retrieved 6 October 2012.

[7] Intellectual Property Licensing: Forms and Analysis, by Richard Raysman, Edward A. Pisacreta and Kenneth A. Adler. Law Journal Press, 1999-2008. ISBN 973588520869

[8] Licensing Intellectual Property: Law & Management, by Raman Mittal. Satyam Law International, New Delhi, India, 2011. ISBN 978-81-902883-4-7.

匿名

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案内

案内

license

WordNet

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Wikipedia preview

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Contents

Mass licensing of software

Patent license

Trademark and brand licensing

Artwork and character licensing

Academia

See also

References

External links

Wikibooks

UpToDate Contents

English Journal

Japanese Journal

Related Links

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

「certify」

「approve」

「認可」

「approval」

「permit」

「license prepejdic」

PepTutorEJDIC

「license wordnet」

WordNet

License and Commercial Use of WordNet

Commercial Use

WordNet License

Home Page

「unlicensed」

Property law
Part of the common law series
Types
Real property Personal property
Acquisition
Gift Adverse possession Deed Conquest Discovery Accession Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property Treasure trove Bailment License Alienation
Estates in land
Allodial title Fee simple Fee tail Life estate Defeasible estate Future interest Concurrent estate Leasehold estate Condominiums Real estate
Conveyancing
Bona fide purchaser Torrens title Strata title Estoppel by deed Quitclaim deed Mortgage Equitable conversion Action to quiet title Escheat
Future use control
Restraint on alienation Rule against perpetuities Rule in Shelley's Case Doctrine of worthier title
Nonpossessory interest
Easement Profit Usufruct Covenant Equitable servitude
Related topics
Fixtures Waste Partition Practicing without a license Property rights Mineral rights Water rights prior appropriation riparian Lateral and subjacent support Assignment Nemo dat Quicquid plantatur Conflict of property laws Blackacre
Other common law areas
Contract law Tort law Wills, trusts and estates Criminal law Evidence
v t e

Licensing of patents
Overviews
Licensing Royalties
Types
Compulsory licensing Cross-licensing Defensive Patent License Defensive termination Fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (FRAND, RAND) Shop right
Strategies
Catch and release Defensive patent aggregation Patentleft Patent monetization Patent pool Stick licensing
Clauses in patent licenses
Field-of-use limitation
v t e