general

• adj.

• 一般の、総体的な、全般/総合的な、包括的な、普遍的な(opp. special)
• (専門的でなく)一般的な。通常の。雑多な、雑用の
• (詳細でなく)概括的な、大体の、概略の(opp. particular)。漠然とした、あいまいな(vague)

• n.

関

common、commonly、conventional、generally、generic、generically、in general、normal、normally、ordinarily、ordinary、popular、prevailing、systemic、total body、universal、universally、usual、usually、whole body、whole-body

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. somewhat indefinite; "bearing a general resemblance to the original"; "a general description of the merchandise"
2. a general officer of the highest rank (同)full general
3. the head of a religious order or congregation (同)superior general
4. a fact about the whole (as opposed to particular); "he discussed the general but neglected the particular"
5. affecting the entire body; "a general anesthetic"; "general symptoms"
6. applying to all or most members of a category or group; "the general public"; "general assistance"; "a general rule"; "in general terms"; "comprehensible to the general reader"
7. command as a general; "We are generaled by an incompetent!"
8. not specialized or limited to one class of things; "general studies"; "general knowledge"
9. prevailing among and common to the general public; "the general discontent"
10. for a special service or occasion; "a special correspondent"; "a special adviser to the committee"; "had to get special permission for the event"
11. a dish or meal given prominence in e.g. a restaurant
12. a special offering (usually temporary and at a reduced price) that is featured in advertising; "they are having a special on pork chops"
13. a television production that features a particular person or work or topic; "the last of a series of BBC specials on Iran is being shown tonight"
14. adapted to or reserved for a particular purpose; "a special kind of paint"; "a special medication for arthritis"
15. to be expected; standard; "common decency"
16. common to or shared by two or more parties; "a common friend"; "the mutual interests of management and labor" (同)mutual
17. of or associated with the great masses of people; "the common people in those days suffered greatly"; "behavior that branded him as common"; "his square plebeian nose"; "a vulgar and objectionable person"; "the unwashed masses" (同)plebeian, vulgar, unwashed
18. commonly encountered; "a common (or familiar) complaint"; "the usual greeting" (同)usual
19. being or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language; "common parlance"; "a vernacular term"; "vernacular speakers"; "the vulgar tongue of the masses"; "the technical and vulgar names for an animal species" (同)vernacular, vulgar
20. belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public; "for the common good"; "common lands are set aside for use by all members of a community"
21. having no special distinction or quality; widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual; "the common man"; "a common sailor"; "the common cold"; "a common nuisance"; "followed common procedure"; "it is common knowledge that she lives alone"; "the common housefly"; "a common brand of soap"
22. stated explicitly or in detail; "needed a specific amount"
23. a medicine that has a mitigating effect on a specific disease; "quinine is a specific for malaria"
24. (sometimes followed by `to'
25. being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition; used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides; "quinine is highly specific for malaria"; "a specific remedy"; "a specific stain is one having a specific affinity for particular structural elements"
26. relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species; "specific characters"
27. unimaginative and conformist; "conventional bourgeois lives"; "conventional attitudes"
28. conforming with accepted standards; "a conventional view of the world" (同)established
29. represented in simplified or symbolic form (同)formal, schematic
30. (weapons) using energy for propulsion or destruction that is not nuclear energy; "conventional warfare"; "conventional weapons"
31. following accepted customs and proprieties; "conventional wisdom"; "she had strayed from the path of conventional behavior"; "conventional forms of address"
32. in accord with or being a tradition or practice accepted from the past; "a conventional church wedding with the bride in traditional white"; "the conventional handshake"
33. in accordance with scientific laws
34. being approximately average or within certain limits in e.g. intelligence and development; "a perfectly normal child"; "of normal intelligence"; "the most normal person Ive ever met"
35. conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm; not abnormal; "serve wine at normal room temperature"; "normal diplomatic relations"; "normal working hours"; "normal word order"; "normal curiosity"; "the normal course of events"
36. forming a right angle
37. applicable to or common to all members of a group or set; "the play opened to universal acclaim"; "rap enjoys universal appeal among teenage boys"
38. (linguistics) a grammatical rule (or other linguistic feature) that is found in all languages (同)linguistic universal
39. (logic) a proposition that asserts something of all members of a class (同)universal proposition
40. a behavioral convention or pattern characteristic of all members of a particular culture or of all human beings; "some form of religion seems to be a human universal"
41. adapted to various purposes, sizes, forms, operations; "universal wrench", "universal chuck"; "universal screwdriver"
42. not biologically differentiated or adapted to a specific function or environment; "the hedgehog is a primitive and generalized mammal" (同)generalised

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (あるグループ)『全部の』,全部を含む / 『世間一般の』,広く行き渡った / 『一般の』,専門的でない / 『大体の』,概略の / 『陸軍大将』;(陸軍の)『将軍』,将官 / 概して,一般に
2. 『特別な』,並はずれた,例外的な / (他と異なって)『特殊な』,特別な / (人・物事に)『独特の』,専門の / 特別な物(人) / 《米話》…の)(値引きした)サービス品,特価[品]《+『on』+『名』》 / (テレビなどの)特別番組;臨時列車
3. (二つ以上のものに)『共通の』,共同の,共有の / 『一般の』,公共の,公衆の / 『普通の』,ありふれた / 慢凡な,並みの / 品のない,粗野な,野卑な(vulgar) / (数式で)共通の,公約の通約の・ (文法で)通性の,通格の(男性・女性どちらの格も用いることができる) ・〈C〉《時に複数形で》共有地,公有地,共有牧草;(市町村の)公園・〈U〉共有権
4. 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『特定の』,一定の・『明確な』,明白な・(そのものに)『特有の』,独特の《+『to』+『名』》・〈C〉(…の)特効薬《+『for』+『名』》・《複数形で》明細,細部(details)
5. 『型にはまった』,おきまりの / 慣例の,示慣的な,因襲的な / (核兵器に対して)通常兵器の
6. 『正常な』,『通常の』,標準の / (人が肉体・知能・情緒の発達において)平均的な,年齢相応の / (線などが)垂直な;(…に)垂直な《+『to』+『名』》・普通の;典型的な;直角をなす (to)・（実験動物が）常態の, 未処置［未免疫］の;（濃度が）規定の・常態;垂線, 法線;平均量［値］正常,通常;標準
7. 『すべての人々の』,万人共通の;全世界の / 普遍的な,一般的な,全般的な
8. 何でも屋,万能選手
9. genusの複数形

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/14 15:28:35」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

"General" and "Generals" redirect here. For other uses, see General (disambiguation).

Common military ranks in English
Navies	Armies	Air forces
Commissioned officers
Admiral of the fleet	Marshal or Field marshal	Marshal of the air force
Admiral	General	Air chief marshal
Vice admiral	Lieutenant general	Air marshal
Rear admiral	Major general	Air vice-marshal
Commodore	Brigadier or Brigadier general	Air commodore
Captain	Colonel	Group captain
Commander	Lieutenant colonel	Wing commander
Lieutenant commander	Major or Commandant	Squadron leader
Lieutenant	Captain	Flight lieutenant
Sub-lieutenant	Lieutenant or First lieutenant	Flying officer
Ensign	Second lieutenant	Pilot officer
Midshipman	Officer cadet	Officer cadet
Enlisted grades
Chief petty officer or Warrant officer	Sergeant major or Warrant officer	Warrant officer
Petty officer	Sergeant	Sergeant
Leading seaman	Corporal	Corporal
Seaman	Private	Aircraftman

A general officer is an officer of high rank in the army, and in some nations' air forces or marines.

The term "general" is used in two ways: as the generic title for all grades of general officer and as a specific rank. It originates in the 16th century, as a shortening of captain general, which rank was taken from Middle French capitaine général. The adjective general had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction.

General officer ranks

The various grades of general officer are at the top of the military rank structure. Lower-ranking officers in land-centric military forces are typically known as field officers or field-grade officers, and below them are company-grade officers.

Common systems

There are two common systems of general ranks used worldwide. In addition there is a third common international system, the Arab system of ranks, which is used throughout the Middle East and North Africa but is not used elsewhere in the world.

Variations of one form, the old European system, were once used throughout Europe. It is used in the United Kingdom (although it did not originate there), from which it eventually spread to the Commonwealth and the United States of America. The general officer ranks are named by prefixing "general", as an adjective, with field officer ranks, although in some countries the highest general officers are titled field marshal, marshal, or captain general.

The other is derived from the French Revolution, where generals' ranks are named according to the unit they (theoretically) command.

Old European system

Field marshal or general field marshal
Colonel general
General or captain general
Lieutenant general
Sergeant major general or major general
Brigadier or brigadier general

The system used either a brigadier general or a colonel general rank.

The rank of field marshal was used by some countries as the highest rank, while in other countries it was used as a divisional or brigade rank. Many countries (notably pre-revolutionary France and eventually much of Latin America) actually used two brigade command ranks, which is why some countries now use two stars as their brigade general insignia. Mexico and Argentina still use two brigade command ranks.

In some nations (particularly in the Commonwealth since the 1920s), the equivalent to brigadier general is brigadier, which is not always considered by these armies to be a general officer rank, although it is always treated as equivalent to the rank of brigadier general for comparative purposes.

As a lieutenant outranks a sergeant major; confusion often arises because a lieutenant is outranked by a major. Originally the serjeant major was, exclusively, the commander of the infantry, junior only to the captain general and lieutenant general. The distinction of sejeant major general only applied after serjeant majors were introduced as a rank of field officer. Serjeant was eventually dropped from both rank titles, creating the modern rank titles. Serjeant major (later spelled sergeant major) as a senior rank of non-commissioned officer was a later creation.

French (Revolutionary) system

For more information, see général.

Marshal
Army general
Corps general
Divisional general
Brigade general

Arab system

The armies of Arab countries use traditional Arabic titles. These were formalized in their current system to replace the Turkish system that was formerly in use in the Arab world and the Turco-Egyptian ranks in Egypt.

Rank			Translation	Notes
مشير	mushīr		Counsellor	compare Counsellor of State, State Counsellor etc. compare etymology "mushir" with "shura"
فريق أول	farīq awwal		First general	equivalent to Commonwealth "full" general
فريق	farīq		General	equivalent to lieutenant general or corps general
لواء	liwāʾ		Flag officer	(or "banner")
عميد	ʿamīd		[no exact translation]	compare etymology with "ʿamood" ("column"); roughly translates as "colonel" but equivalent to brigadier/brigade general

Other variations

Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks:

• Adjutant general
• Commandant-general
• Inspector general
• General-in-chief
• General of the Army (which is distinct from the title army general)
• General of the Air Force (USAF only)
• General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently granted posthumously to George Washington
• Generaladmiral ("general admiral") (German Navy)
• Air general and aviation general (Chilean Air Force; roughly equivalent to air chief marshal and air vice-marshal)
• Wing general and group general (Mexican Air Force; roughly equivalent to air commodore and acting air commodore)
• General-potpukovnik ("lieutenant colonel general", a Serb/Slovenian/Macedonian rank immediately inferior to colonel general, and roughly equivalent to Commonwealth/US major general)
• Director general (a common administrative term sometimes used as an appointment in military services)
• Director general of national defence (most senior rank in the Mexican Armed Forces)
• Controller general (general officer rank in the French National Police)
• Prefect general (the most senior rank of the Argentine Naval Prefecture)
• Master-General of the Ordnance – very senior British military position.

In addition to militarily educated generals, there are also generals in medicine and engineering. The rank of the most senior chaplain, (chaplain general), is also usually considered to be a general officer rank.

Specific rank of general

In the old European system, a general, without prefix or suffix (and sometimes referred to informally as a "full general"), is usually the most senior type of general, above lieutenant general and directly below field marshal. Usually it is the most senior peacetime rank, with more senior ranks (for example, field marshal, marshal of the air force, fleet admiral) being used only in wartime or as honorary titles.

In some armies, however, the rank of captain general, general of the army, army general or colonel general occupied or occupies this position. Depending on circumstances and the army in question, these ranks may be considered to be equivalent to a "full" general or to a field marshal.

The rank of general came about as a "captain-general", the captain of an army in general (i.e., the whole army). The rank of captain-general began appearing around the time of the organisation of professional armies in the 17th century. In most countries "captain-general" contracted to just "general".

General ranks by country

The following articles deal with the rank of general, or its equivalent, as it is or was employed in the militaries of those countries:

• General (Australia)
• General (Canada)
• Shang Jiang (China) – People's Republic of China (PRC) and Republic of China (ROC/Taiwan)
• Kindral (Estonia)
• Général (France)
• General (Germany)

• SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer (Nazi Germany, SS four-star rank, equal to a Wehrmacht Generaloberst)
• Generaloberst der Ordnungspolizei (Nazi Germany, police four-star rank)
• Armeegeneral (East Germany, four-star rank)

• Στρατηγός (Strategos) (Greece)
• Aluf (Israel)
• Generale (Italy)
• Daejang (North Korea)
• Daejang (South Korea)
• General (Mexico)
• Heneral (Philippines)
• Generał (Poland)
• Army general (Russia)
• Army general (Soviet Union)
• General (Sri Lanka)
• General (Sweden)
• General (Switzerland)
• General (United Kingdom)
• General (United States)

Army generals' insignia

• General
  (Australian Army)
• General
  (Bangladesh Army)
• General de Exército
  (Brazilian Army)
• General
  (Canadian Army)
• General de Ejército
  (Chilean Army)
• Shang Jiang
  (Republic of China Army)
• Shang Jiang
  (People's Liberation Army)
• General
  (Colombian Army)
• General
  (Royal Danish Army)
• General de Ejercito
  (Ecuadorian Army)
• Kindral (Maavägi – Estonian ground force)
• Kenraali (collar and sleeve)
  (Finnish Army)
• Général
  (French Army)
• არმიის გენერალი
  (Georgian Armed Forces)
• General
  (Bundeswehr, Germany)
• Strategos
  (Hellenic Army)
• General
  (Indian Army)
• Jenderal
  (Indonesian Army)
• Arteshbod-ارتشبد
  (Iranian Army)
• Aluf
  (Israel Defense Forces)
• Generale
  (Italian Army)
• генерал
  (Army of the Republic of Macedonia)
• General
  (Mexican Army)
• Generaal
  (Royal Netherlands Army)
• General
  (Norwegian Army)
• General
  (Pakistan Army)
• Heneral
  (Philippine Army)
• Generał
  (Polish Army)
• General
  (Portuguese Army)
• General
  (Romanian Land Forces)
• General
  (Russia)
• General
  (Serbian Land Forces)
• General
  (South African Army)
• General de Ejército
  (Spanish Army)
• General
  (Swedish Army)
• General
  (Switzerland)
• พลเอก – Phon Ek
  (Royal Thai Army)
• General
  (British Army)
• General
  (Pakistan Army)
• General
  (U.S. Army)
• General
  (U.S. Army, September 1959 to October 2014)
• General
  (U.S. Marine Corps)

Air force generals' insignia

• Général/Generaal
  (Belgian Air Component)
• Tenente Brigadeiro
  (Brazilian Air Force)
• General
  (Royal Canadian Air Force)
• General
  (Colombian Air Force)
• General
  (Royal Danish Air Force)
• Kindral (Õhuvägi – Estonian Air Force)
• არმიის გენერალი
  (Georgian Air Force)
• General
  (Bundeswehr, Germany)
• Aluf
  (Israeli Air Force)
• Generale
  (Italian Air Force)
• General
  (Mexican Air Force)
• Generaal
  (Royal Netherlands Air Force)
• Generał
  (Polish Air Force)
• General
  (Portuguese Air Force)
• Romania
• General
  (Russian Air Force)
• Capitán General
  (Spanish Air Force)
• Air Chief Marshal
  (Royal Air Force)
• General
  (U.S. Air Force)

Generals' insignia of disbanded armies

• The Ministro of the Philippine Revolutionary Army (1898)
• Armeegeneral
  (National People's Army (GDR))
• Generaloberst (Heer)
• Generaloberst (Luftwaffe)
• Army general
  (Army of the Soviet Union)

Air force and naval equivalents

Some countries (such as the United States) use the general officer ranks for both the army and the air force, as well as their marine corps; other nations only use the general officer ranks for the army, while in the air force they use air officers as the equivalent of general officers. They use the air force rank of air chief marshal as the equivalent of the specific army rank of general. This latter group includes the British Royal Air Force and many current and former Commonwealth air forces—e.g. Royal Australian Air Force, Indian Air Force, Royal New Zealand Air Force, Nigerian Air Force, Pakistan Air Force, etc.

In most navies, flag officers are the equivalent of general officers, and the naval rank of admiral is equivalent to the specific army rank of general. A noteworthy historical exception was the Cromwellian naval rank "general at sea". In recent years in the American service there is a tendency to use flag officer and flag rank to refer to generals and admirals of the services collectively.

See also

• Général
• Generalissimo
• List of comparative military ranks
• List of Roman generals
• Shogun

References

External links

• Generals of World War II
• Schema-root.org: US Generals News feeds for US Generals in the news
• Marines.mil: General Officer Biographies Biographies of US Marine Corps General Officers
• Bios & Information on Generals of Western History Information on 10 Generals who influenced Western History

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 小児における身体的診察：一般原則および標準的な測定 the pediatric physical examination general principles and standard measurements
• 2. 小児における急性重症喘息の増悪：集中治療室の管理 acute severe asthma exacerbations in children intensive care unit management
• 3. 小児における身体的診察：胸部および腹部 the pediatric physical examination chest and abdomen
• 4. 小児における循環血液量減少症（脱水）の治療 treatment of hypovolemia dehydration in children
• 5. 皮膚疾患の治療および外用ステロイドの一般原則 general principles of dermatologic therapy and topical corticosteroid use

English Journal

• A new approach for designing disease intervention strategies in metapopulation models.

• Knipl D1,2.
• Journal of biological dynamics.J Biol Dyn.2016 Dec;10(1):71-94. doi: 10.1080/17513758.2015.1107140.
• We describe a new approach for investigating the control strategies of compartmental disease transmission models. The method rests on the construction of various alternative next-generation matrices, and makes use of the type reproduction number and the target reproduction number. A general metapopu
• PMID 26561360

• Coordination within medical neighborhoods: Insights from the early experiences of Colorado patient-centered medical homes.

• Alidina S1, Rosenthal M, Schneider E, Singer S.
• Health care management review.Health Care Manage Rev.2016 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND: The term "medical neighborhood" refers to relationships that patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs) seek to establish with other providers to facilitate coordinated patient care. Yet, how PCMHs can accomplish this coordination is not well understood.PURPOSE: Drawing upon organizational t
• PMID 26259020

• Achieving Kaiser Permanente quality.

• McHugh MD1, Aiken LH, Eckenhoff ME, Burns LR.
• Health care management review.Health Care Manage Rev.2016 Jul 1. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND: The Kaiser Permanente model of integrated health delivery is highly regarded for high-quality and efficient health care. Efforts to reproduce Kaiser's success have mostly failed. One factor that has received little attention and that could explain Kaiser's advantage is its commitment to
• PMID 26131607

• A Radial Basis Function (RBF)-Finite Difference (FD) Method for Diffusion and Reaction-Diffusion Equations on Surfaces.

• Shankar V1, Wright GB2, Kirby RM1, Fogelson AL3.
• Journal of scientific computing.J Sci Comput.2016 Jun 1;63(3):745-768.
• In this paper, we present a method based on Radial Basis Function (RBF)-generated Finite Differences (FD) for numerically solving diffusion and reaction-diffusion equations (PDEs) on closed surfaces embedded in ℝ d . Our method uses a method-of-lines formulation, in which surface derivatives that
• PMID 25983388

Japanese Journal

• 保育ソーシャルワークに関する研究動向

• 山本 佳代子
• 山口県立大学学術情報 6, 49-59, 2013-03-31
• … This paper will take a general view of the research trend regarding child care social work published in Japan after 2000, We mainly aimed to examine how child care social work should develop at a practice level in the future, particularly with regards to social work functions in child care centers. …
• NAID 110009556916

• 『こころ』の「過去」 -「想起」される「死者」-

• 土佐 朋子
• 東京医科歯科大学教養部研究紀要 43, PAGE 一-十四, 2013-03-30
• NAID 110009556973

• 中国の「博物館」受容に関する初歩的検討

• 家永 真幸
• 東京医科歯科大学教養部研究紀要 43, PAGE 27-41, 2013-03-30
• NAID 110009556965

• ベルリン・グリップス・シアターとその音楽劇「地下鉄1号線」

• シンチンガー エミ
• 東京医科歯科大学教養部研究紀要 43, PAGE 15-26, 2013-03-30
• NAID 110009556960

Related Links

• GENERAL のホームページ - 行くぜ！

野球チーム. GENERAL のホームページ 昨日： 本日：. GENERALのホームページへ ようこそ！3/30（土）練習試合対東京JSTARS戦は12-0で勝利という結果となりました。 2013年度の通算成績は6試合で1勝2敗3分です。大会成績は1試合で0勝0敗1分です 。

• generalの意味 - 英和辞書 - goo辞書

generalとは。意味や和訳。[形]1(1) （ある集団・部類の）全員の, 全体の；全般的な, 全体的な, いっせいのa general meeting総会a general catalogue総目録the general welfare公共の福祉The shouting became general.叫び声は全体に広が... - goo辞書 は ...

• General Problem Solver - ウィキペディア - Wikipedia

General Problem Solver（GPS）とは、1957年、ハーバート・サイモンとアレン・ニュー ウェルが開発した、汎用の問題解決のためのプログラムである。GPS は任意の形式化 された記号問題を解くことができる。例えば、定理証明、幾何学問題、チェスのプレイ など ...

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「通常」「specific」「normal」「conventional」「generally」
拡張検索	「general anaesthesia」
関連記事	「genera」

「通常」

　　[★]

英

usual、general、normal、ordinary、conventional、common、usually、ordinarily、generally、commonly、normally、in general

関

一般、共通、正常、全身、総、直鎖状、通常飼育、ノルマル、普通、一般的、規定濃度、普遍的、慣習的、従来、ありふれた、従来法、共通性、正規、正常型、全般

「specific」

　　[★]

• adj.

• (～に関して)明確な、はっきりとした(exact precise)、具体的な(in, about)
• (比較)(限定)特定の(particular)、一定の(⇔general)
• (～に)特有の、独特の(to)
• (比較)(医学)(～に)渡航のある(for)。特殊な
• (生物)(生物)種の
• 医学)特異の
• (物理)比の。物質固有の。単位質量・長さ・面積・容積で

n.

関

specifically、specificity

　 　 　 　 　 　

「normal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 正常な、正常型の、普通の、通常の、(統計)正規の、(化学)規定濃度、直鎖状の、(直鎖状の)ノルマル

関

common、commonly、conventional、general、generally、in general、linear、N、n-、normally、ordinarily、ordinary、straight、usual、usually

　 　 　 　 　

「conventional」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 通常の、慣習的な、従来の、ありふれた、(方法)従来法の、(実験動物)通常飼育の

関

common、commonly、conventionally、general、generally、in general、normal、normally、ordinarily、ordinary、so far、usual、usually

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「generally」

　　[★]

• adv.

• 一般に、一般的に、普遍的に、通常

関

common、commonly、conventional、general、generic、generically、in general、normal、normally、ordinarily、ordinary、popular、prevailing、universal、universally、usual、usually

　 　

「general anaesthesia」

　　[★]

全身麻酔

関

general anesthesia

「genera」

　　[★]

• np.

• 属

関

generic、genus