WordNet

street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"

PrepTutorEJDIC

酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/16 10:35:22」(JST)

wiki en

Cholic acid, also known as 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid is a primary bile acid^[1] that is insoluble in water (soluble in alcohol and acetic acid), it is a white crystalline substance. Salts of cholic acid are called cholates. Cholic acid, along with chenodeoxycholic acid, is one of two major bile acids produced by the liver where it is synthesized from cholesterol. Of the two major bile acids, cholate derivatives represent approximately eighty percent of all bile acids. These derivatives are made from cholyl-CoA, which exchanges its CoA with either glycine, or taurine, yielding glycocholic and taurocholic acid respectively.^[2]

Cholic acid downregulates cholesterol-7-α-hydroxylase (rate-limiting step in bile acid synthesis), and cholesterol does the opposite. This is why chenodeoxycholic acid, and not cholic acid, can be used to treat gallstones (because decreasing bile acid synthesis would supersaturate the stones even more).^[3]^[4]

Cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid are the most important human bile acids. Some other mammals synthesize predominantly deoxycholic acid.^[5]

Structure of cholic acid showing relationship to other bile acids

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^{[§ 1]}

[[File:

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

[[

]]

|{{{bSize}}}px|alt=Statin Pathway edit|]]

File:StatinPathway_WP430.png

Statin Pathway edit

^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "Statin_Pathway_WP430".

References

^ Colleen Smith; Lieberman, Michael; Marks, Dawn B.; Allan D. Marks (2007). Marks' essential medical biochemistry. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-9340-8.
^ Chiang JY (October 2009). "Bile acids: regulation of synthesis". Journal of Lipid Research 50 (10): 1955–66. doi:10.1194/jlr.R900010-JLR200. PMC 2739756. PMID 19346330.
^ Iser JH, Dowling H, Mok HY, Bell GD (August 1975). "Chenodeoxycholic acid treatment of gallstones. A follow-up report and analysis of factors influencing response to therapy". The New England Journal of Medicine 293 (8): 378–83. doi:10.1056/NEJM197508212930804. PMID 1152936.
^ Alan F. Hofmann, Johnson L. Thistle, Peter D. Klein, Patricia A. Szczepanik, Paulina Y. S. Yu (1978). "Chenotherapy for Gallstone Dissolution, II. Induced Changes in Bile Composition and Gallstone Response". JAMA 239 (12): 1138–1144. doi:10.1001/jama.1978.03280390034017.
^ Urich, Klaus (1994). Comparative animal biochemistry. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 3-540-57420-4.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 妊娠性肝内胆汁うっ滞 intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
2. 新生児胆汁うっ滞の原因 causes of neonatal cholestasis
3. 原発性胆汁性肝硬変の病因 pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis
4. 成人における非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患の自然経過およびマネージメント natural history and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults
5. 肝臓の有機アニオン輸送能および薬物代謝能の検査 tests of the livers capacity to transport organic anions and metabolize drugs

English Journal

Deciphering the role of charge, hydration, and hydrophobicity for cytotoxic activities and membrane interactions of bile acid based facial amphiphiles.

Singh M, Singh A, Kundu S, Bansal S, Bajaj A.SourceThe Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 180 Udyog Vihar, Phase 1, Gurgaon-122016, Haryana, India.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2013 Aug;1828(8):1926-37. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.04.003. Epub 2013 Apr 13.
We synthesized four cationic bile acid based facial amphiphiles featuring trimethyl ammonium head groups. We evaluated the role of these amphiphiles for cytotoxic activities against colon cancer cells and their membrane interactions by varying charge, hydration and hydrophobicity. The singly charged
PMID 23590996

Cholic acid-functionalized nanoparticles of star-shaped PLGA-vitamin E TPGS copolymer for docetaxel delivery to cervical cancer.

Zeng X, Tao W, Mei L, Huang L, Tan C, Feng SS.SourceSchool of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; The Ministry-Province Jointly Constructed Base for State Key Lab-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, the Shenzhen Key Lab of Gene and Antibody Therapy, and Division of Life and Health Sciences, Tsinghua University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2013 Aug;34(25):6058-67. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.052. Epub 2013 May 18.
We developed a system of nanoparticles (NPs) of cholic acid functionalized, star-shaped block copolymer consisting of PLGA and vitamin E TPGS for sustained and controlled delivery of docetaxel for treatment of cervical cancer, which demonstrated superior in vitro and in vivo performance in compari
PMID 23694904

Japanese Journal

Dioxin-Produced Alteration in the Profiles of Fecal and Urinary Metabolomes: A Change in Bile Acids and Its Relevance to Toxicity

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 38(10), 1484-1495, 2015
NAID 130005101584

1P-117 Clostridium hiranonisにおけるコール酸の代謝に対するフマル酸の影響(発酵生理学,発酵工学,一般講演)

日本生物工学会大会講演要旨集 66, 46, 2014-08-05
NAID 110009906198

Rapid Development of Atherosclerosis in the World's Smallest Microminipig Fed a High-Fat/High-Cholesterol Diet:A Useful Animal Model Due to its Size and Similarity to Human Pathophysiology

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 21(3), 186-203, 2014
NAID 130004444717

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「胆汁酸」「コール酸」「cholate」
拡張検索	「taurochenodeoxycholic acid」「taurocholic acid」「taurodeoxycholic acid」「tauroursodeoxycholic acid」「glycocholic acid」
関連記事	「chol」「cholic」

「胆汁酸」

Cholic acid
	IUPAC name (R)-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-Trihydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pentanoic acid
	Other names 3α,7α,12α-Trihydroxy-5β-cholanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	81-25-4
PubChem	221493
ChemSpider	192176
UNII	G1JO7801AE
DrugBank	DB02659
ChEBI	CHEBI:16359
ChEMBL	CHEMBL205596
ATC code	A05AA03
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES C[C@H](CCC(=O)O)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1([C@H](C[C@H]3[C@H]2[C@@H](C[C@H]4[C@@]3(CC[C@H](C4)O)C)O)O)C ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C24H40O5/c1-13(4-7-21(28)29)16-5-6-17-22-18(12-20(27)24(16,17)3)23(2)9-8-15(25)10-14(23)11-19(22)26/h13-20,22,25-27H,4-12H2,1-3H3,(H,28,29)/t13-,14+,15-,16-,17+,18+,19-,20+,22+,23+,24-/m1/s1 ; Key: BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N InChI=1/C24H40O5/c1-13(4-7-21(28)29)16-5-6-17-22-18(12-20(27)24(16,17)3)23(2)9-8-15(25)10-14(23)11-19(22)26/h13-20,22,25-27H,4-12H2,1-3H3,(H,28,29)/t13-,14+,15-,16-,17+,18+,19-,20+,22+,23+,24-/m1/s1; Key: BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJBZ ;
Properties
Molecular formula	C24H40O5
Molar mass	408.57 g/mol
Melting point	200 to 201 °C (392 to 394 °F; 473 to 474 K)
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
	(verify) (what is: /?)
	Infobox references