WordNet

spherical Gram-positive parasitic bacteria that tend to form irregular colonies; some cause boils or septicemia or infections (同)staphylococci, staph
obtaining food osmotically from dissolved organic material
(of some plants or fungi) feeding on dead or decaying organic matter

PrepTutorEJDIC

ブドウ状球菌

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/06/03 13:14:11」(JST)

wiki en

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a coagulase-negative species of Staphylococcus bacteria. S. saprophyticus is often implicated in urinary tract infections.^[1] S. saprophyticus is resistant to the antibiotic novobiocin, a characteristic that is used in laboratory identification to distinguish it from S. epidermidis, which is also coagulase-negative but novobiocin-sensitive.

It is implicated in 10-20% of urinary tract infections (UTI). In females between the ages of ca. 17-27 it is the second-most-common cause of UTIs. It is referred to as "honeymooner's" UTI due to its association with intercourse. It may also reside in the urinary tract and bladder of sexually active females. S. saprophyticus is phosphatase-negative, urease- and lipase-positive. Two subspecies for saprophyticus exist: S. saprophyticus subsp. bovis and S. saprophyticus subsp. saprophyticus, the latter more commonly found in human UTIs. S. Saprophyticus subsp. saprophyticus is distinguished by its being nitrate negative and pyrrolidonyl arylamidase negative while S. Saprophyticus subsp. bovis is nitrate reductase positive and pyrolidonyl arymamidase negative.^[2]

Some of the symptoms of this bacteria are burning sensation when passing urine, the urge to urinate more often than usual, the 'dripping effect' after urination, weak bladder, bloated feeling with sharp razor pains in the lower abdomen around the bladder and ovary areas, and razor-like pains during sexual intercourse.

Background

Until the last decade^[when?], coagulase-negative staphylococci occurring in urine specimens were usually regarded as a contaminant. In the early 1970s, more than ten years after the original demonstration of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in urine specimens, this species became recognized as a frequent cause of urinary tract infections (UTI). In young women, S. saprophyticus is, after Escherichia coli, the most frequent causative agent of acute UTI. Patients with UTI caused by S. saprophyticus usually present with symptomatic cystitis. Signs and symptoms of renal involvement are also often registered. The urine sediment of a patient with UTI caused by S. saprophyticus has a characteristic appearance under the microscope. Chemical screening methods for bacteriuria do not always succeed in diagnosing UTI caused by S. saprophyticus. Even when such an infection occurs above the neck of the bladder, low numbers of colony-forming units (less than 10(5) cfu/ml) of S. saprophyticus are comparatively often found in the bladder and voided urine. S. saprophyticus is usually susceptible to antibiotics commonly prescribed for patients with UTI, with the exception of nalidixic acid. The bacterium has a capacity for selective adherence to human urothelium. It causes direct hemagglutination. The adhesin for S. saprophyticus is a lactosamine structure. This staphylococcal species produces an extracellular enzyme complex that can inhibit growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Quinolones are commonly used in treatment of S. saprophyticus urinary tract infections.

References

^ Kuroda M, Yamashita A, Hirakawa H, et al. (September 2005). "Whole genome sequence of Staphylococcus saprophyticus reveals the pathogenesis of uncomplicated urinary tract infection". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (37): 13272–7. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0502950102. PMC 1201578. PMID 16135568. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1201578.
^ Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp. bovis subsp. nov., Isolated from Bovine Nostrils, V. HAJEK, http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/46/3/792.pdf

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 女性における急性単純性膀胱炎および腎盂腎炎 acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women
2. コアグラーゼ陰性ブドウ球菌の微生物学、病因、および疫学 microbiology pathogenesis and epidemiology of coagulase negative staphylococci
3. 尿路感染症における細菌付着およびその他の病原因子 bacterial adherence and other virulence factors for urinary tract infection
4. 2歳以上の小児および思春期における急性膀胱炎 acute cystitis in children older than two years and adolescents
5. クラミジア・トラコマティス感染症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of chlamydia trachomatis infections

English Journal

Molecular detection of enterotoxins E, G, H and I in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical samples of newborns in Brazil.

Vasconcelos NG, Pereira VC, Araujo Junior JP, da Cunha Mde L.SourceDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Journal of applied microbiology.J Appl Microbiol.2011 Sep;111(3):749-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05076.x. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
Aims:? The objective of this study was to investigate the detection of SEE, SEG, SEH and SEI in strains of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) using RT-PCR. Methods and Results:? In this study, 90 Staph.?aureus strains and 90 CNS strains were analysed by PCR for the
PMID 21672099

Japanese Journal

The Distribution of Genus Staphylococcus in the Oral Cavities of Cats

Shida Koichiro
International Journal of Oral-Medical Sciences 8(2), 83-89, 2009
… The genus Staphylococcus was identified in all examined cats, comprising 0.4-5.7% of the total cultured bacteria. … The majority of isolates were identified as Staphylococcus intermedius, from 16 cats. … The next most common strains were Staphylococcus simulans and Staphylococcus sciuri, from 13 and 9 cats, respectively. …
NAID 130000411459

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「尿路感染症」「腐生ブドウ球菌」「Staphylococcus saprophyhcus」「腐性ブドウ球菌」
関連記事	「Staphylococcus」

「尿路感染症」

Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Firmicutes
Class:	Cocci
Order:	Bacillales
Family:	Staphylococcaceae
Genus:	Staphylococcus
Species:	S. saprophyticus
Binomial name
	Staphylococcus saprophyticus; (Fairbrother 1940); Shaw et al. 1951

　　[★]

英: urinary tract infection, UTI, urinary tract infections, UTIs
関: 尿路感染

定義

尿路(腎、尿管、膀胱、尿道など)の感染症。尿道炎は別に取り扱われるらしい

疫学

尿路感染症は特に女性に多く、30歳になるまでに4人に1人が罹患。
入院患者の1/3は尿路感染症であり、さらにその3/4以上は膀胱カテーテルを留置されいる患者で起こる。

分類

背景

一般細菌の上行性感染によって起こることがほとんどであり、
単純性尿路感染症：尿路に明らかな基礎疾患がない。

急性、20-30歳代の女性に多い

複雑性尿路感染症：尿路に感染を起こしやすくなる基礎疾患がある。

慢性、高齢の男性に多い

部位

上部尿路感染症：腎盂腎炎
下部尿路感染症：膀胱炎

病因

特異性尿路感染症
非特異性尿路感染症

一般的な尿路感染症

病原体

SMB.607

外来患者

院内感染患者

first aid p.162

Ambulatory..E. coli (50-80%), Klebsiella (8-10%).

Staphylococcus saprophyticus (10-30%) is the 2nd most common cause of UTI in young ambulatory women.

Hospital..E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, Serratia,Pseudomonas.

感染経路

外尿道口からの上行性感染

病因

冷え、過度の排尿自制、尿流の停滞、経尿道的操作など

症状

腎盂腎炎：発熱、腰痛など、
膀胱炎では頻尿、排尿痛、残尿感、頻尿など

小児科 SPE.615

年長児：

上部：発熱、腰痛
下部：排尿痛、頻尿、尿の混濁

乳幼児：発熱、嘔吐、下痢、食欲不振など非特異的な全身症状
新生児：乳幼児の症状　＋　脱水、体重減少、黄疸など。

検査

尿検査

尿：混濁
尿沈渣：1視野(400倍)5個以上の白血球(膿尿)
尿培養：1ml中10^5個以上の細菌　←　中間尿の定量培養

症状(頻尿、排泄痛、残尿感)ががあれば、これ以下の菌数でも病因的意義がある。

治療

「腐生ブドウ球菌」

　　[★]

英: Staphylococcus saprophyticus
関: ブドウ球菌

「Staphylococcus saprophyhcus」

　　[★] Staphylococcus saprophyticus

「腐性ブドウ球菌」