wasting

• adj.

• 荒廃させる、破壊的な。消耗性の

• n.

• 浪費、濫費。消耗。消尽

wasting of the masseter, temporal and sternomastoid muscles(咬筋、側頭筋、胸鎖乳突筋の筋萎縮)

関

atrophic, consumption, exhaust, exhaustion, exhaustive, marantic, marasmus, waste

　

WordNet

1. use inefficiently or inappropriately; "waste heat"; "waste a joke on an unappreciative audience"
2. cause to grow thin or weak; "The treatment emaciated him" (同)emaciate, macerate
3. become physically weaker; "Political prisoners are wasting away in many prisons all over the world" (同)rot
4. any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted; "they collect the waste once a week"; "much of the waste material is carried off in the sewers" (同)waste material, waste matter, waste_product
5. (law) reduction in the value of an estate caused by act or neglect (同)permissive waste
6. useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly; "if the effort brings no compensating gain it is a waste"; "mindless dissipation of natural resources" (同)wastefulness, dissipation
7. spend thoughtlessly; throw away; "He wasted his inheritance on his insincere friends"; "You squandered the opportunity to get and advanced degree" (同)blow, squander
8. run off as waste; "The water wastes back into the ocean" (同)run_off
9. get rid of; "We waste the dirty water by channeling it into the sewer"
10. use up the whole supply of; "We have exhausted the food supplies"
11. eliminate (a substance); "combustion products are exhausted in the engine"; "the plant releases a gas" (同)discharge, expel, eject, release
12. gases ejected from an engine as waste products (同)exhaust fumes, fumes
13. wear out completely; "This kind of work exhausts me"; "Im beat"; "He was all washed up after the exam" (同)wash_up, beat, tucker, tucker out
14. system consisting of the parts of an engine through which burned gases or steam are discharged (同)exhaust system
15. (economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing; "the consumption of energy has increased steadily" (同)economic consumption, usance, use, use of goods and services
16. the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating) (同)ingestion, intake, uptake
17. the act of consuming something (同)using up, expenditure
18. extreme fatigue
19. the act of exhausting something entirely
20. performed comprehensively and completely; "an exhaustive study"; "made a thorough search"; "thoroughgoing research" (同)thorough, thoroughgoing

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 衰弱(荒廃)させる
2. (…に)〈金・時間・路力など〉‘を'『むだに使う』,浪費する《+名+on+名》 / 〈好機など〉‘を'『利用しそこなう』 / 〈体力など〉‘を'『消耗させる』,衰えさせる / 《しばしば受動態で》〈国土など〉‘を'『破壊する』, / 《米俗》…‘を'殺す(kill) / 〈体が〉(だんだん)衰える,やせる,弱る《+away》 / 《まれ》〈物が〉(少しずつ)減る,少なくなる / 〈U〉《時に a~》(…の)『むだ使い』,浪費《+of+名》 / 〈U〉〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》『廃物』,くず,残り物(garbage) / 〈C〉《おもに文》荒野,荒れ地;荒涼とした広がり / 『荒れ果てた』,不毛の:耕されていない;使用されていない / 『廃物の』,くずの,残り物の
3. 《しばしば受動態で》(…で)〈人〉‘を'『疲れ果てさせる』,消耗させる《+『名』〈人〉+『by』(『from, with』)+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 《しばしば受動態で》〈蓄え・体力など〉‘を'『使い果たす』 / …‘を'研究し尽くす,論じ尽くす / (…から)〈空気・水・ガスなど〉‘を'抜き出す,からにする《+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / (空気・水・ガスなどを)…‘から'抜き出す《+『名』+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(エンジンなどからの)排気 / (またexhaust gas, exhaust fumes)〈U〉排気ガス / (またexhaust pipe)〈C〉排気管
4. 『消費』《時に形容詞を伴ってa~》(…の)消費高(量) / (体力の)消耗 / 《古》肺病,肺結核
5. (資源・精力などを)使い果たすこと,(…の)枯渇《+『of』+『名』》 / 極度の疲労
6. 余すところのない,徹底的な

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/04/13 23:04:08」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Further information: Malnutrition

For inefficient and/or ineffective consumption, see Waste and Waste (disambiguation).

In medicine, wasting, also known as wasting syndrome, refers to the process by which a debilitating disease causes muscle and fat tissue to "waste" away. Wasting is sometimes referred to as "acute malnutrition" because it is believed that episodes of wasting have a short duration, in contrast to stunting, which is regarded as chronic malnutrition. According to the latest UN estimates, an estimated 52 million children under 5 years of age, or 8%, were wasted in 2011. The vast majority, about 70%, of the world's wasted children live in Asia, most in South-Central Asia.

Causes

Wasting can be caused by an extremely low energy intake (e.g., caused by famine), nutrient losses due to infection, or a combination of low intake and high loss. Infections and conditions associated with wasting include tuberculosis, chronic diarrhea, AIDS, and superior mesenteric artery syndrome. The mechanism may involve cachectin - also called tumor necrosis factor, a macrophage-secreted cytokine. Caretakers and health providers can sometimes contribute to wasting if the patient is placed on an improper diet. Voluntary weight loss and eating disorders are excluded as causes of wasting.

Classification

• Children: Weight-for-height (WFH). In infants under 24 months, recumbent (supine) length is used. WFH as % of median reference value is calculated this way:

Cutoff points may vary, but <80% (close to -2 Z-score) is often used.

• Adults:
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) is the quotient between weight and height squared (kg/m²). An individual with a BMI < 18.5 is regarded as a case of wasting.
  • Percent of body weight lost (At Tufts, an unintentional loss of 6% or more in 6 months is regarded as wasting)

See also

• Atrophy
• Cachexia
• Weight loss
• Anorexia
• Superior mesenteric artery syndrome

References

External links

• Chronic Wasting Disease and Potential Transmission to Humans, Center for Disease Control and Prevention
• Unintentional Weight Loss/Wasting, Tufts University Nutrition/Infection Unit

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 筋力低下患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with muscle weakness
• 2. HIV感染患者における組織の消耗のマネージメント management of tissue wasting in patients with hiv infection
• 3. 高齢者の栄養：高齢者における栄養上の問題 geriatric nutrition nutritional issues in older adults
• 4. 中枢性塩類喪失 cerebral salt wasting
• 5. 高齢者の衰え frailty

English Journal

• Grb10 Deletion Enhances Muscle Cell Proliferation, Differentiation and GLUT4 Plasma Membrane Translocation.

• Mokbel N1, Hoffman NJ, Girgis CM, Small L, Turner N, Daly RJ, Cooney GJ, Holt LJ.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2014 Nov;229(11):1753-64. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24628.
• Grb10 is an intracellular adaptor protein which binds directly to several growth factor receptors, including those for insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1), and negatively regulates their actions. Grb10-ablated (Grb10(-/-) ) mice exhibit improved whole body glucose homeostasis a
• PMID 24664951

• Pharmacological strategies in lung cancer-induced cachexia: effects on muscle proteolysis, autophagy, structure, and weakness.

• Chacon-Cabrera A1, Fermoselle C, Urtreger AJ, Mateu-Jimenez M, Diament MJ, de Kier Joffé ED, Sandri M, Barreiro E.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2014 Nov;229(11):1660-72. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24611.
• Cachexia is a relevant comorbid condition of chronic diseases including cancer. Inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome system, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are involved in the pathophysiology of cancer cachexia. Currently available tr
• PMID 24615622

• Molecular encapsulation of ascorbyl palmitate in preformed V-type starch and amylose.

• Kong L1, Ziegler GR2.
• Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2014 Oct 13;111:256-63. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.033. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
• In the present study, we introduce a simple method to prepare inclusion complexes by "inserting" guest molecules into preformed "empty" V-type amylose helices. Ascorbyl palmitate (AscP) was used as a model guest material to investigate the effect of solvent environment, complexation temperature, ann
• PMID 25037350

• Pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia is Jak2-dependent in mice.

• Gilabert M1, Calvo E, Airoldi A, Hamidi T, Moutardier V, Turrini O, Iovanna J.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2014 Oct;229(10):1437-43. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24580.
• Cancer cachexia syndrome is observed in 80% of patients with advanced-stage cancer, and it is one of the most frequent causes of death. Severe wasting accounts for more than 80% in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Here we wanted to define, by using an microarray approach and the Pdx1-cre;LS
• PMID 24648112

Japanese Journal

• PRODUCTIVE OR LIFE-WASTING : THE INCREASINGLY-CONNECTED AND SOCIALLY NETWORKED STUDENTS

• Karubi Nwanesi Peter,Kaur Gursheena,Kara Esat [他]
• Asian journal of social sciences & humanities 1(4), 125-138, 2012-11
• NAID 40019543954

• GC療法後に著明な低ナトリウム血症を呈しRenal salt wasting syndromeが考えられた1例

• 松村 英理,大城 吉則,宮城 亮太 [他]
• 泌尿器科紀要 58(8), 425-429, 2012-08
• … Renal salt wasting syndrome (RSWS), which is characterized by water and salt wasting, is a rare nephrotoxicity associated with CDDP. …
• NAID 40019387948

• The implementation of initial data populations of environmental data and creation of a primary working database

• Fleischer D.,Bolter M.,Moller R.
• Polar science 6(1), 97-103, 2012-04
• … The effective use of working capacity is a general issue and has become important, should the use of information technologies be invoked to minimize time-wasting copy and paste operations.In this paper we aim to present a working repository for terrestrial biological data. …
• NAID 110009418572

• Voltage Reduction and Lifetime Elongation of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Photopolymerization for Fluorizated Polyxylylene Hole Injection Layer

• Jiang Meng-Dan,Chiu Tien-Lung,Lee Pei-Yu,Yang Shun-Po,Lin Hong-Cheu
• Jpn J Appl Phys 51(3), 032101-032101-4, 2012-03-25
• … Using a spin-coating process, the remaining precursor can be recycled to prevent wasting materials. …
• NAID 150000104926

Related Links

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wastingとは。意味や和訳。[形]((限定))1 〈病気が〉体力を徐々に衰えさせる，消耗性の；〈筋肉などが〉しだいに消耗していくa wasting disease [illness]消耗性疾患（結核・がんなど）.2 〈戦争などが〉荒らす，荒廃させる；〈地域が ...

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Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「消耗」「exhaustive」「consumption」「exhaustion」「waste」
拡張検索	「cerebral salt wasting syndrome」「central salt wasting syndrome」「salt wasting syndrome」

「消耗」

　　[★]

英

exhaustion、wasting、waste、consumption、marasmus、exhaust、waste

関

萎縮性、消費、消耗性、廃棄物、疲労困憊、疲弊、消費量、浪費、消耗症、マラスムス、喪失性

「exhaustive」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 徹底的な、消耗性の

関

complete、completely、drastic、drastically、exhaustively、in depth、marantic、perfect、perfectly、radically、thorough、thoroughly、wasting

　 　

「consumption」

　　[★]

• n.

• 消費、消費量、(古くは肺結核を意味した)消耗

関

consume、economics、exhaust、exhaustion、expenditure、marasmus、production、spend、waste、wasting

　 　 　 　

「exhaustion」

　　[★]

• n.

• 使い尽くすこと、消耗、枯渇
• 極度の疲労、疲労困憊、消耗。(極度の緊張・疲労による)ノイローゼ

関

consumption、exhaust、marasmus、prostrate、waste、wasting

　 　 　

「waste」

　　[★]

• n.

• 廃棄物、消耗

• v.

• 浪費する、消耗する

関

consumption、exhaust、exhaustion、marasmus、wasting

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「cerebral salt wasting syndrome」

　　[★] 中枢性塩類喪失症候群 CSWS

「central salt wasting syndrome」

　　[★] 中枢性塩類喪失症候群

「salt wasting syndrome」

　　[★] 塩類喪失症候群 SWS