WordNet

mark with a spot or spots so as to allow easy recognition; "spot the areas that one should clearly identify"
a small piece or quantity of something; "a spot of tea"; "a bit of paper"; "a bit of lint"; "I gave him a bit of my mind" (同)bit
a small contrasting part of something; "a bald spot"; "a leopards spots"; "a patch of clouds"; "patches of thin ice"; "a fleck of red" (同)speckle, dapple, patch, fleck, maculation
a business establishment for entertainment; "night spot"
a playing card with a specified number of pips on it to indicate its value; "an eight-spot"
a mark on a die or on a playing card (shape depending on the suit) (同)pip
a section of an entertainment that is assigned to a specific performer or performance; "they changed his spot on the program"
a short section or illustration (as between radio or tv programs or in a magazine) that is often used for advertising
make a spot or mark onto; "The wine spotted the tablecloth" (同)fleck, blob, blot
detect with the senses; "The fleeing convicts were picked out of the darkness by the watchful prison guards"; "I cant make out the faces in this photograph" (同)recognize, recognise, distinguish, discern, pick out, make_out, tell apart
become spotted; "This dress spots quickly"
undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
designating sound transmission or recording or reproduction over a single channel (同)monophonic, single-channel
tested and proved useful or correct; "a tested method" (同)tried, well-tried
tested and proved to be reliable (同)time-tested, tried, tried and true

PrepTutorEJDIC

『斑点』(はんてん),まだら,ぶち;(太陽の)黒点 / 『しみ』,よごれ;吹出物,にきび / (…に対する)汚名,汚点《+『on』+『名』》 / 『場所』,地点;部分,箇所 / (順序・組織における)位置;立場,おかれた状況 / 《a spot》《英話》(…の)少量,ちょっぴり(の…);(…の)1杯《+『of』+『名』》 / (ラジオ・テレビ番組の)構成区分 / …‘を'『しみで汚す』,‘に'汚れをつける;…‘に'斑点(はんてん)をつける,‘を'まだら(ぶち)にする;( …で)…‘に'しみ(斑点)をつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈人格・名声など〉‘を'汚す,傷つける / (特定の場所に)…‘を'置く,配置する / …‘を'見つける;(…だと)…‘を'見抜く《+『名』+『as』(『for』)+『名』》 / 〈インクなどが〉『しみになる』;〈布などが〉汚れる / 即座になされる,即時払いの(引き渡しの) / 現場での,現地の / (ラジオ・テレビで)番組の間に放送される / ちょうど,ぴったり(exactly)
(人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》
=mononucleosis
=monophonic

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人および思春期の伝染性単核球症 infectious mononucleosis in adults and adolescents
2. 小児および思春期における急性感染性咽頭炎の診断へのアプローチ approach to diagnosis of acute infectious pharyngitis in children and adolescents
3. エプスタインバーウイルス（EBウイルス）感染の臨床的特徴および治療 clinical manifestations and treatment of epstein barr virus infection
4. 小児における頸部リンパ節炎：診断的アプローチおよび初期マネージメント cervical lymphadenitis in children diagnostic approach and initial management
5. 小児における咽喉痛の評価 evaluation of sore throat in children

English Journal

Diagnosis of imported canine filarial infections in Germany 2008 - 2010.

Pantchev N1, Etzold M, Daugschies A, Dyachenko V.Author information 1Division of IDEXX Laboratories, Vet Med Labor GmbH, Ludwigsburg, Germany. nikola-pantchev@idexx.comAbstractFilarial infections of dogs are attracting attention across Europe because of the risk of spread into previously non-endemic areas (e.g. Dirofilaria repens with Culicidae as vectors) and as emerging zoonotic agents. The occurrence of filarial infections in German dogs has been analysed based on 8,545 samples collected either from imported animals or following travel into endemic regions. All samples were tested by means of modified Knott's test and heartworm antigen assay within the period 2008 - 2010. Heartworm antigen was detected in 127 samples (1.49 %; 95 % CI: 1.25 - 1.77 %), but only 38 dogs also had microfilariae in their blood samples. On the other hand, 125 animals (1.46 %; 95 % CI: 1.23 - 1.74 %) were only positive in the Knott's test. For discrimination by means of PCR and sequencing a total of 73 blood samples as well as two samples of adult worms were included, which have been sent by veterinarians during 2008 - 2010. A mono-infection caused by D. repens was detected in 35 cases, while D. immitis was proven in 15 samples, with 6 of these showing a combination of D. immitis and D. repens. Imported Dipetalonema dracunculoides (transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus or Hippobosca longipennis) or Acanthocheilonema reconditum (fleas and lice serve as intermediate hosts) infections were diagnosed in 24 cases and in a single sample a co-infection of A. reconditum and D. repens was evident. D. repens was the most common filarial infection imported and it was introduced into Germany from eleven European countries. Slovenia and Hungary are reported for the first time as endemic for D. repens and A. reconditum, respectively. Furthermore this study reports, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time import of D. dracunculoides from the Canary Islands, A. reconditum from Majorca, D. immitis from Corfu and a co-infection of D. repens and A. reconditum from Spain as well as mixed infections of D. repens and D. immitis from Corfu, Sardinia and Bulgaria. Co-infections with other arthropod-borne infections as well as therapeutical follow-up were also considered. Selamectin (as spot-on formulation) was not able to clear microfilaraemia in dogs infected with either D. repens, A. reconditum or D. dracunculoides, whereas a topical moxidectin/imidacloprid formulation was able to eliminate microfilariae in one dog infected with A. reconditum.
Parasitology research.Parasitol Res.2011 Aug;109 Suppl 1:S61-76. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2403-7.
Filarial infections of dogs are attracting attention across Europe because of the risk of spread into previously non-endemic areas (e.g. Dirofilaria repens with Culicidae as vectors) and as emerging zoonotic agents. The occurrence of filarial infections in German dogs has been analysed based on 8,54
PMID 21739376

Modulation of genotoxicity by extra-virgin olive oil and some of its distinctive components assessed by use of the Drosophila wing-spot test.

Anter J1, Campos-Sánchez J, Hamss RE, Rojas-Molina M, Muñoz-Serrano A, Analla M, Alonso-Moraga A.Author information 1University of Córdoba, Department of Genetics, Campus Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain. anteruco@gmail.comAbstractOlive oil is an important source of mono-unsaturated fat and a prime component of the Mediterranean diet. The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and its high content of anti-oxidative substances. The objective of this study was to investigate the basis for the epidemiological information relating to the health benefits associated with the consumption of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). For this purpose, the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in wings of Drosophila melanogaster was applied to evaluate the antigenotoxic activity of six different EVOOs from four Spanish varieties (Hojiblanca, Nevadillo, Casta de Cabra, Picual). A two-level approach was followed: (1) determination of the lack of genotoxicity along with the antigenotoxic activity of EVOOs, through antigenotoxicity assays, with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidative genotoxin, and (2) evaluation of the properties of three major distinctive components of EVOOs that could be responsible for their antigenotoxic activity. The EVOOs tested are shown to be non-genotoxic; they exhibited antigenotoxic activity against the effects of hydrogen peroxide. Triolein, tyrosol and squalene did not show genotoxic effects in the proliferative imaginal cells of D. melanogaster. The three components were antigenotoxic when combined with soybean oil, only triolein and tyrosol showed a clear desmutagenic effect when combined with hydrogen peroxide. Our results confirm the safety of EVOOs and their health-protective effects.
Mutation research.Mutat Res.2010 Dec 21;703(2):137-42. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.08.012. Epub 2010 Aug 21.
Olive oil is an important source of mono-unsaturated fat and a prime component of the Mediterranean diet. The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and its high content of anti-oxidative substances. The objective of this study was to
PMID 20732449

Variability of urinary concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolite in general population and comparison of spot, first-morning, and 24-h void sampling.

Li Z1, Romanoff LC, Lewin MD, Porter EN, Trinidad DA, Needham LL, Patterson DG Jr, Sjödin A.Author information 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.Erratum inJ Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2013 Jan-Feb;23(1):109-10. AbstractUrinary mono-hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) are commonly used in biomonitoring to assess exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Similar to other biologically non-persistent chemicals, OH-PAHs have relatively short biological half-lives (4.4-35 h). Little information is available on their variability in urinary concentrations over time in non-occupationally exposed subjects. This study was designed to (i) examine the variability of nine urinary OH-PAH metabolite concentrations over time and (ii) calculate sample size requirements for future epidemiological studies on the basis of spot urine, first-morning void, and 24-h void sampling. Individual urine samples (n=427) were collected during 1 week from 8 non-occupationally exposed adults. We recorded the time and volume of each urine excretion, dietary details, and driving activities of the participants. Within subjects, the coefficients of variation (CVs) for the wet-weight concentration of OH-PAHs in all samples ranged from 45% to 297%; creatinine adjustment reduced the CV to 19-288% (P<0.001; paired t-test). The simulated 24-h void concentrations were the least variable measure, with CVs ranging from 13% to 182% for the 9 OH-PAHs. Within-day variability contributed on average 84%, and between-day variability accounted for 16% of the total variance of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR). Intraclass correlation coefficients of 1-PYR levels were 0.55 for spot urine samples, 0.65 [corrected] for first-morning voids, and 0.77 [corrected] for 24-h voids, indicating a high degree of correlation between urine measurements collected from the same subject over time. Sample size calculations were performed to estimate the number of subjects required for detecting differences in the geometric mean at a statistical power of 80% for spot urine, first-morning, and 24-h void sampling. These data will aid in the design of future studies of PAHs and possibly other biologically non-persistent chemicals and in the interpretation of their analytical results.
Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology.J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol.2010 Sep;20(6):526-35. doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.41. Epub 2009 Aug 26.
Urinary mono-hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) are commonly used in biomonitoring to assess exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Similar to other biologically non-persistent chemicals, OH-PAHs have relatively short biological half-lives (4.4-35 h). Little information
PMID 19707251

Japanese Journal

ウイルス感染症 Paul-Bunnell反応,ダビッドソン吸収試験,Mono-spot法 (広範囲血液・尿化学検査免疫学的検査(第7版・3)その数値をどう読むか) -- (免疫学的検査感染症関連検査(抗原および抗体を含む))

木村宏
日本臨床 68(-), 303-305, 2010-06
NAID 40017181770

LC/MSによるポリソルベート類の分析

建部千絵,河崎裕美,杉本直樹 [他],佐藤恭子,棚元憲一
日本食品化学学会誌 15(3), 129-134, 2008-12-22
… In our previous study, we reported a rapid screening test method of polysorbates (PSs) using TLC. … Although the method is useful in terms of obtaining characteristic spot pattern of PSs, it is impossible to discriminate each polysorbate (PS20, 40, 60, 80, 65 or 85) and to identify the molecular species in PSs. … Selected ion was calculated from the molecule consisting of Na^+ adducts of 20 oxyethylene (EO) sorbitan (So) mono-, di-, or tri-ester of fatty acids (FA) (So-EO(20)-FA(1〜3)), respectively. …
NAID 110007367378

:自験55例の臨床病理学的検討

福田亙,里村由紀子,笠松美宏,小野寺秀記,赤荻照章,迫雅美,原洋,林英夫
日本臨床免疫学会会誌 11(1), 45-54, 1988
… Paul Bunnel反応(PBR)はGroup 1の27%, Group 3の11%が陽性, Mono Spot Test (MST)陽性率はGroup 1, 2, 3で各82%, 77%, 33%であった. …
NAID 130000850795