- 関
- malonyl-coenzyme A
WordNet
- the 3rd letter of the Roman alphabet (同)c
- (music) the keynote of the scale of C major
- a general-purpose programing language closely associated with the UNIX operating system
PrepTutorEJDIC
- carbonの化学記号
- cobaltの化学記号
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/05/03 19:50:45」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Malonyl-CoA
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Identifiers |
CAS Number
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524-14-1 Y |
ChemSpider |
10213 Y |
MeSH |
Malonyl+CoA |
PubChem |
869 |
InChI
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InChI=1S/C24H38N7O19P3S/c1-24(2,19(37)22(38)27-4-3-13(32)26-5-6-54-15(35)7-14(33)34)9-47-53(44,45)50-52(42,43)46-8-12-18(49-51(39,40)41)17(36)23(48-12)31-11-30-16-20(25)28-10-29-21(16)31/h10-12,17-19,23,36-37H,3-9H2,1-2H3,(H,26,32)(H,27,38)(H,33,34)(H,42,43)(H,44,45)(H2,25,28,29)(H2,39,40,41)/t12-,17-,18-,19?,23-/m1/s1 Y
Key: LTYOQGRJFJAKNA-VFLPNFFSSA-N Y
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Properties |
Chemical formula
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C24H38N7O19P3S |
Molar mass |
853.582 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Y verify (what is YN ?) |
Infobox references |
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Malonyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative of malonic acid.
Contents
- 1 Functions
- 1.1 Fatty acid biosynthesis
- 1.2 Polyketide biosynthesis
- 1.3 Regulation
- 2 See also
- 3 References
- 4 External links
Functions
It plays a key role in chain elongation in fatty acid biosynthesis and polyketide biosynthesis.
Malonyl-CoA is also used in transporting alpha-ketoglutarate across the mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix.
Fatty acid biosynthesis
In the former, it provides 2-carbon units to fatty acids and commits them to fatty acid chain synthesis.
Malonyl-CoA is formed by carboxylating acetyl-CoA using the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase. One molecule of acetyl-CoA joins with a molecule of bicarbonate,[1] requiring energy rendered from ATP.
Malonyl-CoA is utilised in fatty acid biosynthesis by the enzyme malonyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT). MCAT serves to transfer malonate from malonyl-CoA to the terminal thiol of holo-acyl carrier protein (ACP).
Polyketide biosynthesis
MCAT is also involved in bacterial polyketide biosynthesis. The enzyme MCAT together with an acyl carrier protein (ACP), and a polyketide synthase (PKS) and chain-length factor heterodimer, constitutes the minimal PKS of type II polyketides.
Regulation
Malonyl-CoA is a highly-regulated molecule in fatty acid synthesis; as such, it inhibits the rate-limiting step in beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Malonyl CoA inhibits fatty acids from associating with carnitine by regulating the enzyme carnitine acyltransferase, thereby preventing them from entering the mitochondria, where fatty acid oxidation and degradation occur.
See also
- Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
- Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency
References
- ^ Nelson D, Cox M (2008) Lehninger principles of biochemistry. 5th Ed: p. 806
External links
- Hope for new way to beat obesity
Fatty-acid metabolic intermediates
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Synthesis |
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Degradation |
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Peroxisomal |
Phytol |
- Phytanic acid
- Phytanoyl-CoA
- Pristanic acid
- Propionyl-CoA
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Other |
- Mevalonic acid
- Very long chain fatty acid
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Rapid preparation of (methyl)malonyl coenzyme A and enzymatic formation of unusual polyketides by type III polyketide synthase from Aquilaria sinensis.
- Gao BW1, Wang XH2, Liu X2, Shi SP3, Tu PF4.
- Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.Bioorg Med Chem Lett.2015 Mar 15;25(6):1279-83. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.01.045. Epub 2015 Jan 29.
- (Methyl)malonyl coenzyme A was rapidly and effectively synthesized by a two-step procedure involving preparation of N-hydroxysuccinimidyl (methyl)malonate from (methyl)Meldrum's acid, and followed by transesterification with coenzyme A. The synthesized (methyl)malonyl coenzyme A could be well accept
- PMID 25677661
- Pregnancy Induces Resistance to the Anorectic Effect of Hypothalamic Malonyl-CoA and the Thermogenic Effect of Hypothalamic AMPK Inhibition in Female Rats.
- Martínez de Morentin PB1, Lage R, González-García I, Ruíz-Pino F, Martins L, Fernández-Mallo D, Gallego R, Fernø J, Señarís R, Saha AK, Tovar S, Diéguez C, Nogueiras R, Tena-Sempere M, López M.
- Endocrinology.Endocrinology.2015 Mar;156(3):947-60. doi: 10.1210/en.2014-1611. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
- During gestation, hyperphagia is necessary to cope with the metabolic demands of embryonic development. There were three main aims of this study: Firstly, to investigate the effect of pregnancy on hypothalamic fatty acid metabolism, a key pathway for the regulation of energy balance; secondly, to st
- PMID 25535827
- Recent advances in biosynthesis of fatty acids derived products in Saccharomyces cerevisiae via enhanced supply of precursor metabolites.
- Lian J1, Zhao H.
- Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology.J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol.2015 Mar;42(3):437-51. doi: 10.1007/s10295-014-1518-0. Epub 2014 Oct 12.
- Fatty acids or their activated forms, fatty acyl-CoAs and fatty acyl-ACPs, are important precursors to synthesize a wide variety of fuels and chemicals, including but not limited to free fatty acids (FFAs), fatty alcohols (FALs), fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), and alkanes. However, Saccharomyces c
- PMID 25306882
Japanese Journal
- Biochemical characterization of the very long-chain fatty acid elongase ELOVL7
- Naganuma Tatsuro,Sato Yuichiro,Sassa Takayuki,Ohno Yusuke,Kihara Akio
- FEBS Letters 585(20), 3337-3341, 2011-10-20
- … The calculated Km values toward C18: 3-CoA(n-3) and malonyl-CoA were both in the μM range. …
- NAID 80022116925
- A New Pathway for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Production in Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum by Functional Expression of a New Acetoacetyl-coenzyme A Synthase
- MATSUMOTO Ken'ichiro,YAMADA Miwa,LEONG Chean Ring,JO Sung-Jin,KUZUYAMA Tomohisa,TAGUCHI Seiichi
- Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 75(2), 364-366, 2011-02-23
- … A biosynthetic pathway for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] was developed in Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum by an acetoacetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthase (AACS) recently isolated from terpenoid-producing Streptomyces sp. …
- NAID 10027898116
Related Links
- This induces an increased capacity for FAO that could be due to a decreased concentration of malonyl-CoA, attenuating the inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1) that catalyzes the entry of FAs in mitochondria, a rate ...
- Regulation of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, which converts acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, is the committed step of the fatty acid synthesis pathway. The mammalian enzyme is regulated by phosphorylation, and there is ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- biotin
- 同
- ビタミンB7 vitamin B7、補酵素R coenzyme R、ビタミンH vitamin H
- 関
- ビタミン
機能
- カルボキシラーゼの補酵素となり、CO2キャリアーとして機能
- 体内で代謝されてビオチン酵素となり、炭素固定反応の補酵素となる。
- 1. pyruvate -(ピルビン酸カルボキシラーゼ)→ oxaloacetate
- 2. acetyl-CoA -(アセチルCoAカルボキシラーゼ)→ malonyl-CoA
- 3. proprionyl-CoA -(プロピオニルCoAカルボキシラーゼ)→ methylmalonyl-CoA :奇数炭素脂肪酸の偶数炭素脂肪酸への変換、2-オキソ酪酸の代謝
臨床関連
ビオチン欠乏
- dermatitis, enteritis. Caused by antibiotic use, ingestion of raw eggs. (FIRST AID step1 p.114)
- アビジンと強固に結合する。卵白の過剰摂取によりビオチンの吸収が妨げられ欠乏症を生じうる。
[★]
- 英
- (n
- 関
- マロニルCoA、マロニル補酵素A、マロニルコエンザイムA
[★]
- 英
- malonyl-coenzyme A、malonyl-CoA
- 関
- マロニルCoA、マロニル-CoA、マロニルコエンザイムA
[★]
マロニル補酵素A、マロニルCoA、マロニルコエンザイムA
- 関
- malonyl-CoA
[★]
メチルマロニルCoA脱炭酸酵素、メチルマロニルCoAデカルボキシラーゼ
- 関
- propionyl-CoA carboxylase
[★]
マロニルCoA:ACPトランスアシラーゼ
[★]
メチルマロニルCoAラセマーゼ
[★]
[★]
[★]
補酵素A coenzyme A CoA
[★]
コバルト cobalt