WordNet

process or manner of functioning or operating; "the power of its engine determines its operation"; "the planes operation in high winds"; "they compared the cooking performance of each oven"; "the jets performance conformed to high standards" (同)functioning, performance
(computer science) data processing in which the result is completely specified by a rule (especially the processing that results from a single instruction); "it can perform millions of operations per second"
the state of being in effect or being operative; "that rule is no longer in operation"
activity by a military or naval force (as a maneuver or campaign); "it was a joint operation of the navy and air force" (同)military operation
a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work; "the operations in building a house"; "certain machine tool operations" (同)procedure
a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body; "they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available"; "he died while undergoing surgery" (同)surgery, surgical_operation, surgical_procedure, surgical process
a business especially one run on a large scale; "a large-scale farming operation"; "a multinational operation"; "they paid taxes on every stage of the operation"; "they had to consolidate their operations"
a planned activity involving many people performing various actions; "they organized a rescue operation"; "the biggest police operation in French history"; "running a restaurant is quite an operation"; "consolidate the companies various operations"
the activity of operating something (a machine or business etc.); "her smooth operation of the vehicle gave us a surprisingly comfortable ride"
relating to or located in the front; "the front lines"; "the front porch"
(meteorology) the atmospheric phenomenon created at the boundary between two different air masses
a sphere of activity involving effort; "the Japanese were active last week on the diplomatic front"; "they advertise on many different fronts"
the side that is seen or that goes first
the side that is forward or prominent (同)front end, forepart
the outward appearance of a person; "he put up a bold front"
the part of something that is nearest to the normal viewer; "he walked to the front of the stage"
confront bodily; "breast the storm" (同)breast
be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to; "The house looks north"; "My backyard look onto the pond"; "The building faces the park" (同)look, face
commit a sin; violate a law of God or a moral law (同)transgress, trespass
violent and excited activity; "they began to fight like sin" (同)hell
estrangement from god (同)sinfulness, wickedness
an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of Gods will (同)sinning
the 21st letter of the Hebrew alphabet
of or relating to the front of an advancing mass of air; "frontal rainfall"
a drapery that covers the front of an altar
meeting front to front; "a frontal attack"; "a head-on collision" (同)head-on
belonging to the front part; "a frontal appendage"
of or adjacent to the forehead or frontal bone; "the frontal lobes"
any of various air-filled cavities especially in the bones of the skull

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(…)『作用』,働き;(機械などを)『動かすこと』,操作,(企業などの)運営《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(機械・機能などが)『動いている状態』,働いている状態,(法律など)有効である状態 / 〈C〉(人に対する…の)『手術』《+『on』〈人〉+『for』+『名』〈患部・病名〉》 / 〈C〉《複数形で》(特に,軍の)行動;《しばしばO-》…作戦 / 〈C〉運算,演算
《the~》(物の)『前面』,表;(玄関を含む建物の)正面;(…の)最前部《+『of』+『名』》 / 《the~》(本などの)最初の部分 / 〈U〉《しばしばa~》(物事に対する)態度 / 〈C〉(共通目的のための)共同戦線,運動,提携 / 〈C〉(街路・川・湖に面した)土地;《英》(海岸の)遊歩道 / 〈C〉戦線 / 《話》〈C〉世間の目をそらすための人(物);(…の)隠れみの《+『for』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(気象上の)前線 / 〈C〉前部に位置する(ある)もの(ワイシャツの胸当て,前頭部など) / 『正面の』,前の;表の / (発音で)前舌音の / 〈場所が〉…‘に'面する / (…を)…‘の'正面(前面)につける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 《古》〈敵・困難・危険など〉‘に'立ち向かう,直面する / (…に)面する《+『on』(『to,toward,upon』)+『名』》
〈U〉(宗教・道徳上の)『罪』 / 〈C〉(宗教・道徳上の)『罪の行為』,罪悪 / 〈C〉《特におどけて》違反(過失)の行為 / (宗教・道徳上の)おきてを破る,罪を犯す / (…に)違反(過失)をする,背く《+『against』+『名』》
sine
正面の,前面の
洞(どう)(骨や組織の中の穴・くぼみなど);静脈洞

UpToDate Contents

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1. 鼻症状の原因：概要 etiologies of nasal symptoms an overview
2. 副鼻腔癌 paranasal sinus cancer
3. 頸動脈洞過敏症 carotid sinus hypersensitivity
4. 敗血症性硬膜静脈洞血栓症 septic dural sinus thrombosis
5. 洞徐脈 sinus bradycardia

English Journal

Operative utilization of balloon versus traditional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Ference EH1, Graber M, Conley D, Chandra RK, Tan BK, Evans C, Pynnonen M, Smith SS.
The Laryngoscope.Laryngoscope.2015 Jan;125(1):49-56. doi: 10.1002/lary.24901. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To study the utilization of balloon catheter dilation (BCD) compared to traditional endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysisMETHODS: Cases identified by Current Procedural Terminology codes as BCD (2,717) or traditional ESS (31,059) were extracted
PMID 25180840

The hybrid lid crease approach to address lateral frontal sinus disease with orbital extension.

Kopelovich JC1, Baker MS2, Potash A2, Desai L3, Allen RC2, Chang EH4.
The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.2014 Dec;123(12):826-30. doi: 10.1177/0003489414538767. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the hybrid lid crease approach in conjunction with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for lateral frontal sinus disease with orbital extension.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review.METHODS: Patients undergoing hybrid lid crease approach with FESS for
PMID 24944279

Isolated frontal sinusitis treated using an anterior-to-ethmoidal bulla surgical approach.

Ji JF1, Cheng Y, Wang TY, Wu KM, Jiang MJ, Cheng W, Wang ZY, Xue F, Zhang Y, Wang QP.
Cell biochemistry and biophysics.Cell Biochem Biophys.2014 Nov;70(2):1153-7. doi: 10.1007/s12013-014-0035-0.
Traditional frontal sinus surgery is associated with a significant trauma. Herein, we have discussed the feasibility, technique, and efficacy of a minimally invasive anterior-to-ethmoidal bulla surgical approach performed under nasal endoscopy to treat isolated frontal sinusitis. Fifteen patients wi
PMID 24894981

Japanese Journal

皮膚瘻孔を伴った難治性前頭洞炎例

林理佐子,大和谷崇
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 108(6), 449-454, 2015
… The frontal sinus is prone to blockade because of the anatomical structure of its excretion path, the frontonasal duct, and it is often difficult to treat frontal sinusitis and frontal sinus cysts. … When conservative management is ineffective, frontal sinus operations are performed via nasal endoscopes or an external approach, however, the incidence of postoperative recurrence is high. …
NAID 130005072177

Endoscopic modified Lothrop procedureが有用であった前頭陥凹骨腫例

牧原靖一郎,石原久司,宮武智実,小林正佳, 假谷伸,岡野光博,西﨑和則
日本鼻科学会会誌 53(4), 542-546, 2014
… Endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure（EMLP）は内視鏡下で両側前頭洞を単洞化する術式で，Frontal ethmoidal cells type 4などの通常の内視鏡下鼻副鼻腔手術（ESS）で前頭洞開放が困難な症例，前頭陥凹の癒着や骨増生を認める症例，眼窩壁や前頭洞後壁の骨欠損を認める症例，鼻外前頭洞手術の不成功症例，前頭洞嚢胞や前頭洞内腫瘍症例などに有用である。 …
NAID 130004891865

当院におけるEndoscopic Modified Lothrop Procedureの検討

南和彦,土師知行
日本鼻科学会会誌 53(4), 499-505, 2014
… 前頭洞病変に対するアプローチは鼻外手術からendoscopic sinus surgery（ESS）へと変遷してきたが，鼻前頭管は頭蓋底や眼窩など解剖学的危険部位に囲まれており，前頭洞を鼻腔へと開放する範囲には限界がある。 …
NAID 130004891856