WordNet
- closure or blockage (as of a blood vessel)
- (dentistry) the normal spatial relation of the teeth when the jaws are closed
- a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
- a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel
- in or relating to the retina of the eye; "retinal cells"
- the innermost light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the eyeball; it is continuous with the optic nerve
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル
- (目の)網膜
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/05/28 06:20:34」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Artery: Central retinal artery |
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The ophthalmic artery and its branches. (Central retinal artery visible at center.) |
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Interior of posterior half of bulb of left eye. The veins are darker in appearance than the arteries. (Central retinal artery visible but not labeled.) |
Latin |
arteria centralis retinae |
Gray's |
subject #146 571 |
Supplies |
retina |
Source |
ophthalmic artery |
Vein |
central retinal vein |
MeSH |
Retinal+Artery |
The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball.
Contents
- 1 Course
- 2 Supplies
- 3 Pathology
- 4 Additional images
- 5 Measures
- 6 References
- 7 External links
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Course
It pierces the optic nerve close to the eyeball, sending branches over the internal surface of the retina, and these terminal branches are the only blood supply to the larger part of it.
The central part of the retina where the light rays are focussed after passing through the pupil and the lens is a circular area called the macula. The center of this circular area is the fovea. The fovea and a small area surrounding it are not supplied by the central retinal artery or its branches, but instead by the choroid.
Supplies
The central retinal artery supplies all the nerve fibers that form the optic nerve that carries the visual information to the occipital lobe cerebral cortex, including those that reach over the fovea.
Pathology
Thus if the central retinal artery gets occluded, there is complete loss of vision in that eye even though the fovea is not affected. The entire retina (with the exception of the fovea) becomes pale and swollen and opaque while the central fovea still appears reddish (this is because the choroid color shows through). This is the basis of the famous "Cherry red spot" seen on examination of the retina on funduscopy of a central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).
In some cases - approximately 20% of the population - there is a branch of the ciliary circulation called the cilio-retinal artery which supplies the retina between the macula and the optic nerve, including the nerve fibers from the foveal photoreceptors. If this artery is present, the central vision will be preserved even in case of CRAO.
Additional images
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Horizontal section of the eyeball.
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The terminal portion of the optic nerve and its entrance into the eyeball, in horizontal section.
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However it should be remembered that the Cilio retinal artery itself is a branch of the Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries which is derived from the Ophthalmic Artery. Therefore its possible for the cilio retinal artery itself to occlude causing significant visual loss in the perfused macula region (surrounding visual field will remain intact).
Measures
The central retinal artery is approximately 160 micrometres in diameter.[1][2]
References
- ^ http://www.revophth.com/archive/newsletter/ro_031207.htm
- ^ http://www.biomedexperts.com/Abstract.bme/12789540/Calculation_of_the_diameter_of_the_central_retinal_artery_from_noninvasive_measurements_in_humans
External links
- Diagram at suncoastretina.com
- emerg/777 at eMedicine ("Retinal artery occlusion")
- Central+retinal+artery at eMedicine Dictionary
List of arteries of head and neck (TA A12.2.05–08, GA 6.549)
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CC |
EC
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sup. thyroid
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superior laryngeal · sternocleidomastoid branch · infrahyoid branch · cricothyroid branch · glandular branches
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asc. pharyngeal
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posterior meningeal · pharyngeal branches · inferior tympanic
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lingual
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suprahyoid · dorsal lingual · deep lingual · sublingual
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facial
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cervical branches (ascending palatine, tonsillar, submental, glandular) · facial branches (inferior labial, superior labial / nasal septum, lateral nasal, angular)
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occipital
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sternocleidomastoid · meningeal · occipital · auricular · descending
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post. auricular
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stylomastoid · stapedial · auricular · occipital
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sup. temporal
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transverse facial · middle temporal (zygomatico-orbital) · anterior auricular · frontal · parietal
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maxillary
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1st part / mandibular
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anterior tympanic · deep auricular · middle meningeal (superior tympanic, petrosal) · accessory meningeal · inferior alveolar (mental, mylohyoid)
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2nd part / pterygoid
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to muscles of mastication (deep temporal, pterygoid, masseteric) · buccal
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3rd part / pterygopalatine
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posterior superior alveolar · infraorbital (anterior superior alveolar) · descending palatine (greater palatine, lesser palatine) · artery of the pterygoid canal · sphenopalatine (posterior septal branches, posterior lateral nasal) · pharyngeal
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IC
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cervical
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carotid sinus
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petrous
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Vidian · caroticotympanic
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cavernous/
ophthalmic
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orbital group:anterior ethmoidal (anterior septal, anterior lateral nasal, anterior meningeal) · posterior ethmoidal · lacrimal (lateral palpebral) · medial palpebral · terminal (supraorbital, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal)
ocular group: central retinal · ciliary (short posterior, long posterior, anterior) · hypophysial (superior, inferior)
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Willis/Cerebral
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ACA (anterior communicating, medial striate) · MCA (anterolateral central, Orbitofrontal artery, Prefrontal artery, Superior terminal branch, Inferior terminal branch, Anterior temporal branch) · posterior communicating · anterior choroidal
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SC |
vertebral artery
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meningeal · spinal (posterior, anterior) · basilar: pontine · labyrinthine · cerebellar (AICA, SCA, PICA) · cerebral (PCA)
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thyrocervical trunk
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inferior thyroid
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inferior laryngeal · tracheal · esophageal · ascending cervical · pharyngeal · glandular branches
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transverse cervical
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superficial branch · deep branch / dorsal scapular
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suprascapular
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acromial branch
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costocervical trunk
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deep cervical · Supreme Intercostal artery
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anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot
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noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- In vivo identification of alteration of inner neurosensory layers in branch retinal artery occlusion.
- Ritter M, Sacu S, Deák GG, Kircher K, Sayegh RG, Pruente C, Schmidt-Erfurth UM.SourceDepartment of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria; ursula.schmidt-erfurth@meduniwien.ac.at.
- The British journal of ophthalmology.Br J Ophthalmol.2012 Feb;96(2):201-7. Epub 2011 Apr 22.
- Background/aims To characterise the extension and progression of alteration of neurosensory layers following acute and chronic branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) in vivo using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Methods In this observational case series, eight eyes with acute BRAO and
- PMID 21515559
- How does hypertension affect your eyes?
- Bhargava M, Ikram MK, Wong TY.SourceSingapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
- Journal of human hypertension.J Hum Hypertens.2012 Feb;26(2):71-83. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2011.37. Epub 2011 Apr 21.
- Hypertension has profound effects on various parts of the eye. Classically, elevated blood pressure results in a series of retinal microvascular changes called hypertensive retinopathy, comprising of generalized and focal retinal arteriolar narrowing, arteriovenous nicking, retinal hemorrhages, micr
- PMID 21509040
Japanese Journal
- 網膜循環障害を合併し予後不良であった交感性眼炎の1例 (第45回 日本眼炎症学会 原著)
Related Links
- Painless loss of monocular vision is the usual presenting symptom of retinal artery occlusion (RAO). Ocular stroke commonly is caused by embolism of the retinal artery, although emboli may travel to distal branches of ...
- Measures used to prevent other blood vessel (vascular) diseases, such as coronary artery disease, may decrease the risk of retinal artery occlusion. These include: Eating a low-fat diet Exercising Stopping smoking
Related Pictures
![Central retinal artery occlusion](https://1mg.info/0/3/t/2002.jpg)
![fundus, cilioretinal artery occlusion](https://1mg.info/0/3/t/2003.jpg)
![CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION](https://1mg.info/0/3/t/2004.jpg)
![Central Retinal Artery Occlusion](https://1mg.info/0/3/t/2005.jpg)
![Hemi Central Retinal Artery Occlusion](https://1mg.info/0/3/t/2006.jpg)
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- retinal artery occlusion
- 関
- 網膜動脈閉塞、網膜動脈閉鎖症、網膜動脈分枝閉塞症、網膜中心動脈閉塞
分類
[★]
- 英
- retinal artery occlusion
- 関
- 網膜動脈閉塞症、網膜動脈閉鎖症
[★]
- 英
- retinal artery occlusion
- 関
- 網膜動脈閉塞症、網膜動脈閉塞
[★]
網膜動脈分枝閉塞症、網膜動脈分枝閉塞
- 関
- central retinal artery occlusion、retinal artery occlusion
[★]
網膜中心動脈閉塞症 CRAO
[★]
- 関
- occlude
- 関
- atresia、close、closure、dental articulation、disturb、disturbance、hamper、hindrance、impede、impediment、intercept、interception、interfere、interrupt、interruption、obliteration、obstruct、obstruction、occlude、preclusion
[★]
- 関
- 11-cis-retinal、retina、retinae、retinaldehyde, retinol
[★]
網膜動脈
- 関
- central retinal artery