網膜動脈
- 関
- central retinal artery
WordNet
- a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
- a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel
- in or relating to the retina of the eye; "retinal cells"
- the innermost light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the eyeball; it is continuous with the optic nerve
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル
- (目の)網膜
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/22 20:07:53」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Artery: Central retinal artery |
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| The ophthalmic artery and its branches. (Central retinal artery visible at center.) |
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| Interior of posterior half of bulb of left eye. The veins are darker in appearance than the arteries. (Central retinal artery visible but not labeled.) |
| Latin |
arteria centralis retinae |
| Gray's |
subject #146 571 |
| Supplies |
retina |
| Source |
ophthalmic artery |
| Vein |
central retinal vein |
| MeSH |
Retinal+Artery |
The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball.
Contents
- 1 Course
- 2 Embryology
- 3 Supplies
- 4 Pathology
- 5 Additional images
- 6 Measures
- 7 References
- 8 External links
Course
It pierces the optic nerve close to the eyeball, sending branches over the internal surface of the retina, and these terminal branches are the only blood supply to the larger part of it.
The central part of the retina where the light rays are focussed after passing through the pupil and the lens is a circular area called the macula. The center of this circular area is the fovea. The fovea and a small area surrounding it are not supplied by the central retinal artery or its branches, but instead by the choroid.
Embryology
The central retinal artery is formed from the proximal part of the hyaloid artery after atrofy of its distal part has formed the hyaloid canal.[1]
Supplies
The central retinal artery supplies all the nerve fibers that form the optic nerve that carries the visual information to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, including those that reach over the fovea.
Pathology
Thus if the central retinal artery gets occluded, there is complete loss of vision in that eye even though the fovea is not affected. The entire retina (with the exception of the fovea) becomes pale and swollen and opaque while the central fovea still appears reddish (this is because the choroid color shows through). This is the basis of the famous "Cherry red spot" seen on examination of the retina on funduscopy of a central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).
In some cases - approximately 20% of the population - there is a branch of the ciliary circulation called the cilio-retinal artery which supplies the retina between the macula and the optic nerve, including the nerve fibers from the foveal photoreceptors. If this artery is present, the central vision will be preserved even in case of CRAO.
Additional images
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Horizontal section of the eyeball.
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The terminal portion of the optic nerve and its entrance into the eyeball, in horizontal section.
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However it should be remembered that the Cilio retinal artery itself is a branch of the Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries which is derived from the Ophthalmic Artery. Therefore its possible for the cilio retinal artery itself to occlude causing significant visual loss in the perfused macula region (surrounding visual field will remain intact).
Measures
The central retinal artery is approximately 160 micrometres in diameter.[2][3]
References
- ^ Larsen's human embryology 2009, p. 610
- ^ http://www.iovs.org/content/48/1/63.short
- ^ http://www.biomedexperts.com/Abstract.bme/12789540/Calculation_of_the_diameter_of_the_central_retinal_artery_from_noninvasive_measurements_in_humans
External links
- Diagram at suncoastretina.com
- emerg/777 at eMedicine ("Retinal artery occlusion")
- Central+retinal+artery at eMedicine Dictionary
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List of arteries of head and neck (TA A12.2.05–08, GA 6.549)
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| CC |
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EC
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sup. thyroid
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- superior laryngeal
- sternocleidomastoid branch
- infrahyoid branch
- cricothyroid branch
- glandular branches
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asc. pharyngeal
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- posterior meningeal
- pharyngeal branches
- inferior tympanic
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lingual
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- suprahyoid
- dorsal lingual
- deep lingual
- sublingual
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facial
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- cervical branches (ascending palatine, tonsillar, submental, glandular)
- facial branches (inferior labial
- superior labial / nasal septum
- lateral nasal
- angular)
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occipital
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- sternocleidomastoid
- meningeal
- occipital
- auricular
- descending
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post. auricular
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- stylomastoid
- stapedial
- auricular
- occipital
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sup. temporal
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- transverse facial
- middle temporal (zygomatico-orbital)
- anterior auricular
- frontal
- parietal
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maxillary
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1st part / mandibular
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- anterior tympanic
- deep auricular
- middle meningeal (superior tympanic, petrosal)
- accessory meningeal
- inferior alveolar (mental, mylohyoid)
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2nd part / pterygoid
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- to muscles of mastication (deep temporal, pterygoid, masseteric)
- buccal
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3rd part / pterygopalatine
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- posterior superior alveolar
- infraorbital (anterior superior alveolar)
- descending palatine (greater palatine, lesser palatine)
- artery of the pterygoid canal
- sphenopalatine (posterior septal branches, posterior lateral nasal)
- pharyngeal
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IC
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cervical
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petrous
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cavernous/
ophthalmic
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- orbital group:anterior ethmoidal (anterior septal, anterior lateral nasal, anterior meningeal)
- posterior ethmoidal
- lacrimal (lateral palpebral)
- medial palpebral
- terminal (supraorbital, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal)
ocular group: central retinal
- ciliary (short posterior, long posterior, anterior)
- hypophysial (superior, inferior)
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Willis/Cerebral
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- ACA (anterior communicating, medial striate)
- MCA (anterolateral central, Orbitofrontal artery, Prefrontal artery, Superior terminal branch, Inferior terminal branch, Anterior temporal branch)
- posterior communicating
- anterior choroidal
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| SC |
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vertebral artery
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- meningeal
- spinal (posterior, anterior)
- basilar: pontine
- labyrinthine
- cerebellar (AICA, SCA, PICA)
- cerebral (PCA)
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thyrocervical trunk
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inferior thyroid
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- inferior laryngeal
- tracheal
- esophageal
- ascending cervical
- pharyngeal
- glandular branches
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transverse cervical
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- superficial branch
- deep branch / dorsal scapular
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suprascapular
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costocervical trunk
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- deep cervical
- Supreme Intercostal artery
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anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot
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noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The effect of rebreathing and hyperventilation on retinal and choroidal vessels measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography.
- Ozcimen M1, Sakarya Y1, Goktas S1, Sakarya R1, Alpfidan I1, Yener HI2, Demir LS3.
- Cutaneous and ocular toxicology.Cutan Ocul Toxicol.2015 Dec;34(4):313-7. doi: 10.3109/15569527.2014.990154. Epub 2015 Jan 19.
- OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the vasoreactivity in retina and choroid of the healthy eyes in response to experimentally altered partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) using a non-invasive technique, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).MATERIALS A
- PMID 25597376
- Association between retinal vasculature and muscle mass in older people.
- Sumukadas D1, McMurdo M2, Pieretti I3, Ballerini L3, Price R2, Wilson P4, Doney A5, Leese G6, Trucco E3.
- Archives of gerontology and geriatrics.Arch Gerontol Geriatr.2015 Nov-Dec;61(3):425-8. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.08.006. Epub 2015 Aug 4.
- Sarcopenia in older people is a major health issue and its early detection could help target interventions and improve health. Evidence suggests that poor muscle mass is associated with greater arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk. Arterial stiffness in turn is associated with smaller retinal
- PMID 26276247
- Central retinal artery occlusion and infective endocarditis: Rigor does matter.
- Piqueras Flores J1, Esquinas Blanco G2, Pinilla Rivas M3, Montero MA4, Marina Breysse M4, López Lluva MT4.
- Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia.Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol.2015 Nov;90(11):546-548. doi: 10.1016/j.oftal.2015.02.017. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
- CLINICAL CASE: A patient with acute amaurosis due central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), who had mitral regurgitation and Streptococcus viridans positive blood cultures. Using transesophageal ultrasound, the patient was diagnosed with native valve infective endocarditis without fever, and with los
- PMID 25843694
Japanese Journal
- 頚動脈ステント留置術前後における網膜循環時間の検討
- 林 盛人,佐藤 健一郎,横内 哲也,原科 純一,中山 晴雄,赤畑 正樹,斉藤 紀彦,平田 容子,伊藤 圭介,青木 和哉,北 善幸,中村 正人,岩渕 聡
- 脳卒中の外科 = Surgery for cerebral stroke 39(2), 96-102, 2011-03-31
- NAID 10027955101
- 高解像度眼底画像における血管の自動抽出(ポスターティーザー)
- 黒田 賢,中口 俊哉,津村 徳道,下山 一郎
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. MI, 医用画像 110(364), 73-76, 2011-01-12
- 眼底検査は眼球内を観察して診断でき、血管も直接観察できる部位として様々な疾患の早期発見のためにも重要な検査対象である.しかし,従来の眼底画像における血管抽出は低解像度のデータベースを用いて評価していることが一般的であり,血柱反射の変化のような高解像度撮影において顕著となる特徴による影響が考慮されていない.そこで本研究では,高解像度眼底画像に適した血管の自動抽出法を提案する.画像全体で血管のコントラ …
- NAID 110008675404
Related Links
- The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball. Contents. 1 Course; 2 Supplies; 3 Pathology; 4 Additional images; 5 Measures; 6 References ...
- 13 Apr 2012 ... Retinal Artery Occlusion. Painless loss of monocular vision is the usual presenting symptom of retinal artery occlusion (RAO).
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
網膜動脈分枝閉塞症、網膜動脈分枝閉塞
- 関
- central retinal artery occlusion、retinal artery occlusion
[★]
網膜中心動脈閉塞症 CRAO
[★]
- 関
- 11-cis-retinal、retina、retinae、retinaldehyde, retinol