最小発育阻止濃度 MIC
WordNet
- the spatial property of being crowded together (同)density, denseness, tightness, compactness
- bringing together military forces
- strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing diluting material
- the strength of a solution; number of molecules of a substance in a given volume
- complete attention; intense mental effort (同)engrossment, absorption, immersion
- increase in density
- the smallest possible quantity (同)lower_limit
- the point on a curve where the tangent changes from negative on the left to positive on the right
- a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 1/60th fluid dram or 0.059194 cubic centimeters
- a United States liquid unit equal to 1/60 fluidram
- a substance that retards or stops an activity
- restrictive of action; "a repressive regime"; "an overly strict and inhibiting discipline" (同)repressive, repressing
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉(…への)(光線・注意などの)集中;(仕事などへの)専念,専心《+『on』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(人口などの)集中 / 〈U〉濃縮;〈液体の〉濃度
- 《通例単数形で》『最小限』,最小量 / (数学で)極小,最小値,極小値 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『最小限の』,最小量の
- ミニム(液量の最小単位) / 《英》二分音符(《米》half note)
- 抑制する人(物) / 化学反応抑制剤
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/06/22 07:06:00」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
In microbiology, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that will inhibit the visible growth of a microorganism after overnight incubation. Minimum inhibitory concentrations are important in diagnostic laboratories to confirm resistance of microorganisms to an antimicrobial agent and also to monitor the activity of new antimicrobial agents.[1] A lower MIC is an indication of a better antimicrobial agent. A MIC is generally regarded as the most basic laboratory measurement of the activity of an antimicrobial agent against an organism.[2]
Contents
- 1 Determination
- 2 Clinical significance
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
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Determination[edit]
MICs can be determined by agar or broth dilution methods usually following the guidelines of a reference body such as the CLSI, BSAC or EUCAST. There are several commercial methods available, including the well established Etest strips and the recently launched Oxoid MICEvaluator method.
The Etest system comprises a predefined and continuous concentration gradient of different antimicrobial agents, which when applied to inoculated agar plates and incubated, create ellipses of microbial inhibition.[1] The MIC is determined where the ellipse of inhibition intersects the strip, and is easily read off the MIC reading scale on the strip.[2]
Clinical significance[edit]
Clinically, the minimum inhibitory concentrations are used not only to determine the amount of antibiotic that the patient will receive but also the type of antibiotic used, which in turn lowers the opportunity for microbial resistance to specific antimicrobial agents. Applying MIC testing to a number of bacterial strains in the same species provides an estimate of the concentration that inhibits 50% (MIC50) and 90% (MIC90) of bacterial isolates and can indicate shifts in the susceptibility of bacterial populations to antibiotics.[3] Currently, there are a few web-based, freely accessible MIC databases.
See also[edit]
- Bacteriostatic agent Rule of thumb the less the number(concentration) it gives better coverage.
- MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration)
References[edit]
- ^ Andrews, J. M. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 48 (Suppl. 1):5-16, (2001). PMID 11420333.
- ^ Turnidge JD, Ferraro MJ, Jorgensen JH (2003) Susceptibility Test Methods: General Considerations. In PR Murray, EJ Baron, JH Jorgensen, MA Pfaller, RH Yolken. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 8th Ed. Washington. American Society of Clinical Microbiology. p 1103 ISBN 1-55581-255-4
- ^ Davison H.C., Woolhouse M. E. J., Low J.C. (2000) "What is antibiotic resistance and how can we measure it?" Trends in Microbiology 8:12. 554-559. PMID 11115751
External links[edit]
Medication > Pharmacology
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Pharmacokinetics |
- ADME: Absorption
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Excretion (Clearance)
- Loading dose
- Volume of distribution (Initial)
- Rate of infusion
- Compartment
- Bioequivalence
- Bioavailability
- Onset of action
- Biological half-life
- Plasma protein binding
- Therapeutic index (LD50/ED50)
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Pharmacodynamics |
- Toxicity (Neurotoxicology)
- Dose–response relationship (Efficacy, Potency)
- Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics: Minimum inhibitory concentration/Bacteriostatic
- Minimum bactericidal concentration/Bactericide
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Agonism and
antagonism |
- Agonist: Inverse agonist
- Irreversible agonist
- Partial agonist
- Superagonist
- Physiological agonist
- Antagonist: Competitive antagonist
- Irreversible antagonist
- Physiological antagonist
- Other: Binding
- Affinity
- Binding selectivity
- Functional selectivity
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Other |
- Drug tolerance: Tachyphylaxis
- Drug resistance: Antibiotic resistance
- Multiple drug resistance
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Related
fields/subfields |
- Pharmacogenetics
- Pharmacogenomics
- Neuropsychopharmacology (Neuropharmacology, Psychopharmacology)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of sulphated polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii and Streptococcus thermophilus ASCC 1275.
- Li S1, Shah NP2.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 Dec 15;165:262-70. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.110. Epub 2014 May 29.
- Polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii (PEPS) and exopolysaccharides from Streptococcus thermophilus ASCC 1275 (ST1275 EPS) were sulphated, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of sulphated and crude polysaccharides were determined. Degree of sulphonation of PEPS and ST1275 EPS was 0.69 and
- PMID 25038675
- Role of EfrAB efflux pump in biocide tolerance and antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from traditional fermented foods and the effect of EDTA as EfrAB inhibitor.
- Lavilla Lerma L1, Benomar N1, Sánchez Valenzuela A1, Casado Muñoz Mdel C1, Gálvez A1, Abriouel H2.
- Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2014 Dec;44:249-57. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.06.009. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
- Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from various traditional fermented foods of both animal and vegetable origins have shown multidrug resistance to several antibiotics and tolerance to biocides. Reduced susceptibility was intra and inter-species dependent and was due to specific
- PMID 25084670
- Characterization of arsenite-oxidizing bacteria isolated from arsenic-contaminated groundwater of West Bengal.
- Paul D1, Poddar S, Sar P.
- Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering.J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng.2014 Nov 10;49(13):1481-92. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2014.937162.
- Nine arsenic (As)-resistant bacterial strains isolated from As-rich groundwater samples of West Bengal were characterized to elucidate their potential in geomicrobial transformation and bioremediation aspects. The 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strains were affiliated wi
- PMID 25137536
Japanese Journal
- Antibacterial Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Raw Horsemeat Isolated for Human Consumption (Basashi)
- , ,
- Biocontrol Science 20(1), 19-25, 2015
- … A comparison of the sensitivity to the 14 antibiotics using the 90% MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values (MIC90) showed the strongest tolerance to ampicillin (ABPC) at a concentration of > … 128 μg/mL, followed by that to fosfomycin (FOM) at a concentration of 128 μg/mL. …
- NAID 130005061979
- Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular administration in Hanwoo, Korean native cattle
- , , , , , , , ,
- Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 77(3), 327-329, 2015
- … The suggested optimal doses of MRFX in Hanwoo cattle, calculated by integration of PK data obtained in the present study and previously reported minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for MRFX against susceptible (MIC ≤1 µg/ml) and intermediate (MIC ≤2 µg/ml) pathogenic bacteria, were 2.1 and 4.2 mg/kg/day by i.v. …
- NAID 130005060996
- 医療現場における薬物治療の安全性確保を目指した臨床薬理学・薬剤疫学研究
- 川上 純一
- 薬学雑誌. 乙号 135(4), 619-624, 2015
- … (3) Individual variation of plasma exposure of free linezolid and its ratio to minimum inhibitory concentration in critically ill patients, as well as three other studies, were described. …
- NAID 130005060831
Related Links
- In microbiology, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that will inhibit the visible growth of a microorganism after overnight incubation. Minimum inhibitory concentrations are important in ...
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