n.

圧縮。凝縮。凝血、凝血、冷縮、液化

関: conc.、concentrate、concentrated、concentration、condense、congeal、congelation、enrich、enrichment、flocculate、flocculation

WordNet

atmospheric moisture that has condensed because of cold (同)condensate
the process of changing from a gaseous to a liquid or solid state
a shortened version of a written work (同)abridgement, abridgment, capsule
(psychoanalysis) an unconscious process whereby two ideas or images combine into a single symbol; especially in dreams
compress or concentrate; "Congress condensed the three-year plan into a six-month plan" (同)concentrate, contract
undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; "water condenses"; "The acid distills at a specific temperature" (同)distill, distil
become more compact or concentrated; "Her feelings condensed"
cause a gas or vapor to change into a liquid; "The cold air condensed the steam"
develop due to condensation; "All our planets condensed out of the same material"
remove water from; "condense the milk"
draw together or meet in one common center; "These groups concentrate in the inner cities"
make denser, stronger, or purer; "concentrate juice"
a concentrated example of something; "the concentrate of contemporary despair"
a concentrated form of a foodstuff; the bulk is reduced by removing water
direct ones attention on something; "Please focus on your studies and not on your hobbies" (同)focus, center, centre, pore, rivet
the spatial property of being crowded together (同)density, denseness, tightness, compactness
bringing together military forces
strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing diluting material
the strength of a solution; number of molecules of a substance in a given volume
complete attention; intense mental effort (同)engrossment, absorption, immersion
increase in density
make wealthy or richer; "the oil boom enriched a lot of local people"
make better or improve in quality; "The experience enriched her understanding"; "enriched foods"
of or relating to a solution whose dilution has been reduced
gathered together or made less diffuse; "their concentrated efforts"; "his concentrated attention"; "concentrated study"; "a narrow thread of concentrated ore"
intensely focused; "her concentrated passion held them at bay"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(気体から液体・固体への)凝縮,凝結,(液体の)濃縮 / 〈C〉凝縮(濃縮)されたもの / 〈U〉〈C〉(思想・表現・物語などの)縮約;縮約されたもの
(…に)〈気体など〉'を'『凝縮する』,凝結させる,〈液体〉'を'『濃縮する』《+『名』+『to』(『into』)+『名』》 / (…に)〈思想・表現など〉'を'『縮約する』,要約かる,短縮する《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / 〈レンズが〉〈光〉'を'集める;〈電気〉'を'強くする / 凝縮する,凝結する;濃くなる / 〈レンズが〉集光する
(…に)〈光線・注意など〉'を'『集中する』《+『on』+『名』》 / 〈液体など〉'を'濃縮する / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(…に)『集中する』 / 専念する《+『on』+『名』》 / 濃縮したもの,濃縮液
〈U〉(…への)(光線・注意などの)集中;(仕事などへの)専念,専心《+『on』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(人口などの)集中 / 〈U〉濃縮;〈液体の〉濃度
(…で)〈社会・人など〉‘を'『裕福にする』,金持ちにする《+『名』+『by』+『名』》 / (…で)〈生活・心・文化など〉‘を'『豊かにする』,充実させる《+『名』+『by』(『with, through』)+『名』》 / (ある成分・要素などを加えて)…‘の'質を向上させる《+『名』+『by』+『名』(do『ing』)》
集中した / 濃縮した

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/06 16:17:44」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Condensation forming in the low pressure zone above the wing of an aircraft due to adiabatic expansion

Condensation is the change of the physical state of matter from gas phase into liquid phase, and is the reverse of evaporation. The word most often refers to the water cycle.^[1] It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapour to liquid water when in contact with a liquid or solid surface or cloud condensation nuclei within the atmosphere. When the transition happens from the gaseous phase into the solid phase directly, the change is called deposition.

Initiation

Condensation is initiated by the formation of atomic/molecular clusters of that species within its gaseous volume—like rain drop or snow flake formation within clouds—or at the contact between such gaseous phase and a liquid or solid surface.

Reversibility scenarios

A few distinct reversibility scenarios emerge here with respect to the nature of the surface.

absorption into the surface of a liquid (either of the same substance or one of its solvents)—is reversible as evaporation.^[1]
adsorption (as dew droplets) onto solid surface at pressures and temperatures higher than the species' triple point—also reversible as evaporation.
adsorption onto solid surface (as supplemental layers of solid) at pressures and temperatures lower than the species' triple point—is reversible as sublimation.

Most common scenarios

Condensation commonly occurs when a vapor is cooled and/or compressed to its saturation limit when the molecular density in the gas phase reaches its maximal threshold. Vapor cooling and compressing equipment that collects condensed liquids is called a "condenser".

How condensation is measured

Psychrometry measures the rates of condensation from and evaporation into the air moisture at various atmospheric pressures and temperatures. Water is the product of its vapor condensation—condensation is the process of such phase conversion.

Applications of condensation

Condensation is a crucial component of distillation, an important laboratory and industrial chemistry application.

Because condensation is a naturally occurring phenomenon, it can often be used to generate water in large quantities for human use. Many structures are made solely for the purpose of collecting water from condensation, such as air wells and fog fences. Such systems can often be used to retain soil moisture in areas where active desertification is occurring—so much so that some organizations educate people living in affected areas about water condensers to help them deal effectively with the situation.^[2]

It is also a crucial process in forming particle tracks in a cloud chamber. In this case, ions produced by an incident particle act as nucleation centers for the condensation of the vapor producing the visible "cloud" trails.

Biological adaptation

Numerous living beings use water made accessible by condensation. A few examples of these are the Australian Thorny Devil, the darkling beetles of the Namibian coast, and the Coast Redwoods of the West Coast of the United States.

Condensation in building construction

Condensation on a window during a rain shower.

Condensation in building construction is an unwanted phenomenon as it may cause dampness, mold health issues, wood rot, corrosion, weakening of mortar and masonry walls, and energy penalties due to increased heat transfer. To alleviate these issues, the indoor air humidity needs to be lowered, or air ventilation in the building needs to be improved. This can be done in a number of ways, for example opening windows, turning on extractor fans, using dehumidifiers, drying clothes outside and covering pots and pans whilst cooking. Air conditioning or ventilation systems can be installed that help remove moisture from the air, and move air throughout a building.^[3] The amount of water vapour that can be stored in the air can be increased simply by increasing the temperature.^[3] However, this can be a double edged sword as most condensation in the home occurs when warm, moisture heavy air comes into contact with a cool surface. As the air is cooled, it can no longer hold as much water vapour. This leads to deposition of water on the cool surface. This is very apparent when central heating is used in combination with single glazed windows in winter.

Interstructure condensation may be caused by thermal bridges, insufficient or lacking insulation, damp proofing or insulated glazing.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "condensation in atmospheric chemistry".
^ FogQuest - Fog Collection / Water Harvesting Projects - Welcome
^ ^a ^b "Condensation". Property Hive. Archived from the original on 2013-12-13.
^ "Condensation around the house - what causes condensation". diydata.com.

Sources

"Condensation principles (Picture)".

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「concentration」「concentrate」「濃縮」「conc.」「凝結」
拡張検索	「chromosome condensation」「Claisen condensation」「condensation product」