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any of a group of enzymes (occurring especially in plant cells) that catalyze the oxidation of a compound by a peroxide

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〈U〉〈C〉(…の)(量・額などの)不足,欠乏《+『of』(『in』)+『名』》 / 〈C〉不足分,不足量,不足額 / 〈C〉(精神・肉体などの)欠陥

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1. ヘキソースリン酸側路およびグルタチオン代謝疾患（グルコース-6-リン酸脱水素酵素欠損症を除く） disorders of the hexose monophosphate shunt and glutathione metabolism other than glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

English Journal

Antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress in the erythrocytes of iron deficiency anemic patients supplemented with vitamins.

Madhikarmi NL1, Murthy KR.Author information 1M.B.Kedia Dental College and Teaching Hospital, Near Custom Office, Birgunj, Parsa, Narayani Zone, Nepal. nirjala4@gmail.com.AbstractBackground: Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidences from epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a possible correlation between antioxidant levels and the anemic disease risk. The present work is to investigate antioxidant levels and lipid peroxidation in anemic patients. Methods: A number of 30 patients (15 males and 15 females) were selected for the study. Likewise, 30 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (15 males and 15 females) were selected with their informed consent. Patients and healthy subjects were supplemented with vitamins C and E for 15 days. The lipid peroxidation both in plasma and erythrocyte lysates was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid peroxides. The antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E and total antioxidant activity were also analyzed. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were also determined. Results: Based on analysis, we found that the increase in lipid peroxidation was higher in the anemic subjects before vitamin supplementation, which was statistically significant at P<0.05. The antioxidant enzymes were higher in the patients before antioxidant supplementation when compared with patients after vitamin supplementation. Conclusion: Our data revealed higher oxidative stress before vitamin supplementation in iron deficiency anemic patients and after supplementation, lower lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant vitamins were achieved.
Iranian biomedical journal.Iran Biomed J.2014 Apr;18(2):82-7.
Background: Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidences from epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a possible correlation between antioxidant levels and the anemic disease risk. The present work is to investigate antioxidant levels and lip
PMID 24518548

Interplay between Selenium Levels, Selenoprotein Expression, and Replicative Senescence in WI-38 Human Fibroblasts.

Legrain Y1, Touat-Hamici Z, Chavatte L.Author information 1From the Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR3404, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198 Cedex, France and.AbstractSelenium is an essential trace element, which is incorporated as selenocysteine into at least 25 selenoproteins using a unique translational UGA-recoding mechanism. Selenoproteins are important enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, redox homeostasis, and redox signaling pathways. Selenium levels decline during aging, and its deficiency is associated with a marked increase in mortality for people over 60 years of age. Here, we investigate the relationship between selenium levels in the culture medium, selenoprotein expression, and replicative life span of human embryonic lung fibroblast WI-38 cells. Selenium levels regulate the entry into replicative senescence and modify the cellular markers characteristic for senescent cells. Whereas selenium supplementation extends the number of population doublings, its deficiency impairs the proliferative capacity of WI-38 cells. We observe that the expression of several selenoproteins involved in antioxidant defense is specifically affected in response to cellular senescence. Their expression is selectively controlled by the modulation of mRNA levels and translational recoding efficiencies. Our data provide novel mechanistic insights into how selenium impacts the replicative life span of mammalian cells by identifying several selenoproteins as new targets of senescence.
The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2014 Feb 28;289(9):6299-310. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.526863. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
Selenium is an essential trace element, which is incorporated as selenocysteine into at least 25 selenoproteins using a unique translational UGA-recoding mechanism. Selenoproteins are important enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, redox homeostasis, and redox signaling pathways. Selenium levels
PMID 24425862

Japanese Journal

セレン欠乏によるマウス脳内の必須微量元素（Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se）を含むタンパク質への影響

分析化学 65(7), 371-378, 2016
NAID 130005253341

Effects of Administering Sodium Selenite, Methylseleninic Acid, and Seleno-L-methionine on Glucose Tolerance in a Streptozotocin/Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetic Mouse Model