WordNet

a unit of geological time during which a system of rocks formed; "ganoid fishes swarmed during the earlier geological periods" (同)geological period
(ice hockey) one of three divisions into which play is divided in hockey games
the end or completion of something; "death put a period to his endeavors"; "a change soon put a period to my tranquility"
the interval taken to complete one cycle of a regularly repeating phenomenon
a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations; "in England they call a period a stop" (同)point, full_stop, stop, full point
work hard; "She was digging away at her math homework"; "Lexicographers drudge all day long" (同)labour, toil, fag, travail, grind, drudge, dig, moil
undergo the efforts of childbirth (同)labour
productive work (especially physical work done for wages); "his labor did not require a great deal of skill" (同)labour, toil
a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages; "there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field" (同)labour, working_class, proletariat
(Persian folklore) a supernatural being descended from fallen angels and excluded from paradise until penance is done
a beautiful and graceful girl
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research (同)laboratory, research lab, research laboratory, science lab, science laboratory

PrepTutorEJDIC

(あることが続く)『期間』 / (歴史的な)『時代』 / (試合の)『一区切り』,ピリオド / 授業時間,時限: / (循環して起こる現象などの)周期 / (回転運動などの)周期 / 紀(地質時代の区分の一つ;era(代)の下,epoch(世)の上) / 《おもに米》『ピリオド』,終止符(《英》full stop;Mr.,U.S.など略語の符号(.)も含む) / 《複数形で》《文》掉尾(とうび)文(多くの節から成り,論理的に緊密な構成をもっている文) / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》ある時代[特有]の,時代物の / (文の終わりに感嘆詞的に)以上,終わり・月経（期間）
《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
実験室(laboratory)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 正常分娩および遷延分娩、分娩停止 overview of normal labor and protraction and arrest disorders
2. 正常な陣痛および分娩のマネージメント management of normal labor and delivery
3. 陣痛の潜伏相 latent phase of labor
4. Nonpharmacologic approaches to management of labor pain
5. 高リスク心血管疾患患者における陣痛および分娩の麻酔：一般的な考慮事項 anesthesia for labor and delivery in high risk cardiovascular disease general considerations

English Journal

Risk factors for birth-related perineal trauma: a cross-sectional study in a birth centre.

da Silva FM, de Oliveira SM, Bick D, Osava RH, Tuesta EF, Riesco ML.SourceAuthors: Flora MB da Silva, PhD, Nurse Midwife, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) Scholarship, University of São Paulo, São Paulo; Sonia MJV de Oliveira, PhD, Nurse Midwife, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Debra Bick, MMedSc, PhD, Registered Midwife, King's College London, Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, London, UK; Ruth H Osava, PhD, Nurse Midwife, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities - EACH, University of São Paulo, São Paulo; Esteban F Tuesta, PhD, Statistician, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo; Maria LG Riesco, PhD, Nurse Midwife and Associate Professor, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Journal of clinical nursing.J Clin Nurs.2012 Aug;21(15-16):2209-2218. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04133.x. Epub 2012 May 31.
Aim and objectives. To identify maternal, newborn and obstetric factors associated with birth-related perineal trauma in one independent birth centre. Background. Risk factors for birth-related perineal trauma include episiotomy, maternal age, ethnicity, parity and interventions during labour
PMID 22646921

[Frequency and indication for vacuum extractor delivery].

Nikolov A, Nashar C, Pavlova E, Dimitrov A.AbstractThe aim of the study is to analyze the frequency of the vacuum extraction delivery (VE) and the contemporary indications for its use and their frequency. The study included 44,109 births occurred for 14 years period. This clinical trial is prospective and retrospective on 1197 applied VE. The extraction of the fetus was performed by soft cup silicone vacuum extractor type Ameda - Egnell and electric vacuum pump Atmos. We find 4 main indications for VE: acute fetal distress, labor dystokia, arrest of descent and need to avoid voluntary maternal expulsive efforts. RESULTS: The frequency of the VE in the 14 years period was 2.71% with an increasing temps from 2% in the beginning of the period and 5% by its end. The most common indication for VE in 37.08% is acute fetal distress followed by the labor dystokia in 31.42% of the cases. The arrest of descent of the fetal head is indication in 25.31% of the applied VE. The need to avoid voluntary maternal expulsive efforts was indication for VE in 5.48% of the cases. The vacuum stimulation was an indication only in 0.71% of the cases. CONCLUSION: VE is a useful method nowadays in assisted vaginal delivery. VE should not be used in breech presentation. The contemporary indications for VE are: maternal indications (labor dystokia and need to avoid voluntary maternal expulsive efforts) and fetal indications (acute fetal distress and arrest of descent). The acute fetal distress is the leading indication, but with tendency of equalization/decreasing compared to labor dystokia and the arrest of descent. Vacuum stimulation is no more an indication for VE.
Akusherstvo i ginekologii͡a.Akush Ginekol (Sofiia).2009;48(1):3-10.
The aim of the study is to analyze the frequency of the vacuum extraction delivery (VE) and the contemporary indications for its use and their frequency. The study included 44,109 births occurred for 14 years period. This clinical trial is prospective and retrospective on 1197 applied VE. The extrac
PMID 19496456

Japanese Journal

前方視的な手法による妊娠末期の子宮頸管熟化と分娩経過に関する研究第1報 : 妊娠・分娩・産褥における母児の臨床統計

森川肇,望月眞人,佐藤和雄,矢内原巧,齋藤良治,平川舜,蒲田忠明,山崎峰夫
日本産科婦人科學會雜誌 52(3), 613-622, 2000-03-01
妊娠末期における子宮頸管の熟化と分娩経過あるいは新生児所見との関係を明らかにするために共同調査を行った.ここでは, 得られた成績の中から, 第1報として妊娠・分娩・産褥における日本人母児の臨床統計を報告する。1994年6月1日より30日までの間に, 全国の75施設を訪れた妊婦34週0日から35週6日までの単胎妊娠のすべてを登録し, 対象とした(全例につき妊娠15週までの間に超音波診断法により妊娠週 …
NAID 110002113855

A NEW DATA ANALYZING TOCODYNAMOMETER AND ITS SUITABILITY FOR CLINICAL APPLICATION

GURUYA Hiroshi,HASHIMOTO Takeji,FUKAMAUCHI Kazutaka,YOSHIDA Kohyo
日本産科婦人科學會雜誌 37(10), 2121-2129, 1985-10-01
私達は,分娩全経過中の陣痛を自動的かつreal-timeに定量的評価することを目的とした陣痛解析装置を開発した.子宮内圧の測定は卵膜外圧力センサ法を用いた.ミニコンPDP11/60を用いて,子宮収縮以外のノイズ成分は周波数が0.05Hz以上の速い波であることを確認し,移動平均法を用いてそのノイズを除去した.また10分間におきた子宮収縮の各パラメータ値を平均することにより,娩出力としての陣痛を正しく …
NAID 110002216524