WordNet
- a distinctive but intangible quality surrounding a person or thing; "an air of mystery"; "the house had a neglected air"; "an atmosphere of defeat pervaded the candidates headquarters"; "the place had an aura of romance" (同)aura, atmosphere
- a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of; "air pollution"; "a smell of chemicals in the air"; "open a window and let in some air"; "I need some fresh air"
- once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)
- medium for radio and television broadcasting; "the program was on the air from 9 til midnight"; "the president used the airwaves to take his message to the people" (同)airwave
- the region above the ground; "her hand stopped in mid air"; "he threw the ball into the air"
- expose to warm or heated air, so as to dry; "Air linen"
- broadcast over the airwaves, as in radio or television; "We cannot air this X-rated song" (同)send, broadcast, beam, transmit
- be broadcast; "This show will air Saturdays at 2 P.M."
- the totality of surrounding conditions; "he longed for the comfortable environment of his living room"
- the area in which something exists or lives; "the country--the flat agricultural surround" (同)environs, surroundings, surround
- of or relating to the external conditions or surroundings; "environmental factors"
- concerned with the ecological effects of altering the environment; "environmental pollution"
- a short excursion (a walk or ride) in the open air; "he took the dogs for an airing"
- waste matter that contaminates the water or air or soil
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉『空気』,大気 / 《the ~》『空中』,空間,空(sky) / 《古》〈C〉そよ風,微風(breeze) / 《文》〈C〉(音楽の)ふし,旋律(melody) / 〈C〉様子,態度,風さい / 《複数形で》気どった様子 / 〈衣服など〉'を'空気にさらす,風にあてる / 〈部屋〉‘に'風を通す / 〈うわさ・意見など〉'を'言いふらす
- 『環境』,周囲の状況;《the~》自然環境
- 環境の;自然環境の
- 空気にあてること,虫干し / 《単数形で》外出,散歩 / (知識・意見などの)公開,周知
- 汚染物質(特に産業廃棄物など)
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 米国における労働衛生および環境衛生に関する問題についての情報および教材 information and educational resources for occupational and environmental health issues in the united states
- 2. 心血管疾患の危険因子の概要 overview of the possible risk factors for cardiovascular disease
- 3. 労働衛生および環境衛生の概要 overview of occupational and environmental health
- 4. ビル関連病およびビル関連症状 building related illness and building related symptoms
- 5. 静脈血栓症の原因の概要 overview of the causes of venous thrombosis
English Journal
- Cluster analysis of passive air sampling data based on the relative composition of persistent organic pollutants.
- Liu X1, Wania F.Author information 1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China. liuxdlxd@hotmail.com.AbstractThe development of passive air samplers has allowed the measurement of time-integrated concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) within spatial networks on a variety of scales. Cluster analysis of POP composition may enhance the interpretation of such spatial data. Several methodological aspects of the application of cluster analysis are discussed, including the influence of a dominant pollutant, the role of PAS duplication, and comparison of regional studies. Relying on data from six regional studies in North and South America, Africa, and Asia, we illustrate here how cluster analysis can be used to extract information and gain insights into POP sources and atmospheric transport contributions. Cluster analysis allows classification of PAS samples into those with significant local source contributions and those that represent regional fingerprints. Local emissions, atmospheric transport, and seasonal cycles are identified as being among the major factors determining the variation in POP composition at many sites. By complementing cluster analysis with meteorological data such as air mass back-trajectories, terrain, as well as geographical and socio-economic aspects, a comprehensive picture of the atmospheric contamination of a region by POPs emerges.
- Environmental science. Processes & impacts.Environ Sci Process Impacts.2014 Mar 26;16(3):453-63. doi: 10.1039/c3em00605k. Epub 2014 Feb 17.
- The development of passive air samplers has allowed the measurement of time-integrated concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) within spatial networks on a variety of scales. Cluster analysis of POP composition may enhance the interpretation of such spatial data. Several methodologica
- PMID 24531313
- A comprehensive analysis of oxidative stress in the ozone-induced lung inflammation mouse model.
- Wiegman CH1, Li F, Clarke CJ, Jazrawi E, Kirkham P, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM, Chung KF.Author information 1*Airways Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, U.K.AbstractOzone is an oxidizing environmental pollutant that contributes significantly to respiratory health. Exposure to increased levels of ozone has been associated with worsening of symptoms of patients with asthma and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). In the present study, we investigated the acute and chronic effects of ozone exposure-induced oxidative stress-related inflammation mechanics in mouse lung. In particular, we investigated the oxidative stress-induced effects on HDAC2 (histone deacetylase 2) modification and activation of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2) and HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor-1α) signalling pathways. Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ozone (3 p.p.m.) for 3 h a day, twice a week for a period of 1, 3 or 6 weeks. Control mice were exposed to normal air. After the last exposure, mice were killed for BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) fluid and lung tissue collection. BAL total cell counts were elevated at all of the time points studied. This was associated with increased levels of chemokines and cytokines in all ozone-exposed groups, indicating the presence of a persistent inflammatory environment in the lung. Increased inflammation and Lm (mean linear intercept) scores were observed in chronic exposed mice, indicating emphysematous changes were present in lungs of chronic exposed mice. The antioxidative stress response was active (indicated by increased Nrf2 activity and protein) after 1 week of ozone exposure, but this ability was lost after 3 and 6 weeks of ozone exposure. The transcription factor HIF-1α was elevated in 3- and 6-week ozone-exposed mice and this was associated with increased gene expression levels of several HIF-1α target genes including Hdac2 (histone deacetylase 2), Vegf (vascular endothelial growth factor), Keap1 (kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) and Mif (macrophage migration inhibitory factor). HDAC2 protein was found to be phosphorylated and carbonylated in nuclear and cytoplasm fractions, respectively, and was associated with a decrease in DNA-binding activity and protein expression of HDAC2. Decreased HDAC2 activity, most likely a direct result of protein modification, in combination with the loss of the antioxidative stress response and activation of the HIF-1α pathway, contribute to the inflammatory response and emphysema observed in ozone-exposed mice.
- Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2014 Mar;126(6):425-40. doi: 10.1042/CS20130039.
- Ozone is an oxidizing environmental pollutant that contributes significantly to respiratory health. Exposure to increased levels of ozone has been associated with worsening of symptoms of patients with asthma and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). In the present study, we investigated the
- PMID 24040961
- Modelling of human exposure to air pollution in the urban environment: a GPS-based approach.
- Dias D1, Tchepel O.Author information 1Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal, danieladias@ua.pt.AbstractThe main objective of this work was the development of a new modelling tool for quantification of human exposure to traffic-related air pollution within distinct microenvironments by using a novel approach for trajectory analysis of the individuals. For this purpose, mobile phones with Global Positioning System technology have been used to collect daily trajectories of the individuals with higher temporal resolution and a trajectory data mining, and geo-spatial analysis algorithm was developed and implemented within a Geographical Information System to obtain time-activity patterns. These data were combined with air pollutant concentrations estimated for several microenvironments. In addition to outdoor, pollutant concentrations in distinct indoor microenvironments are characterised using a probabilistic approach. An example of the application for PM2.5 is presented and discussed. The results obtained for daily average individual exposure correspond to a mean value of 10.6 and 6.0-16.4 μg m(-3) in terms of 5th-95th percentiles. Analysis of the results shows that the use of point air quality measurements for exposure assessment will not explain the intra- and inter-variability of individuals' exposure levels. The methodology developed and implemented in this work provides time-sequence of the exposure events thus making possible association of the exposure with the individual activities and delivers main statistics on individual's air pollution exposure with high spatio-temporal resolution.
- Environmental science and pollution research international.Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.2014 Mar;21(5):3558-71. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-2277-6. Epub 2013 Nov 24.
- The main objective of this work was the development of a new modelling tool for quantification of human exposure to traffic-related air pollution within distinct microenvironments by using a novel approach for trajectory analysis of the individuals. For this purpose, mobile phones with Global Positi
- PMID 24271724
Japanese Journal
- 有害大気汚染物質の発がん影響 : 化学物質のリスク評価・管理の観点から (特集 職業性肺疾患の最新動向)
- 青木 康展,松本 理
- 呼吸器内科 23(5), 492-498, 2013-05
- NAID 40019694800
- Health Risk Assessment of Air Pollutants : Air Pollutant Genotoxicity and Its Enhancement by Suppression of Phase II Drug-metabolizing Enzymes
- Aoki Yasunobu
- Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental
- NAID 10031125868
- 2008年W-PASS沖縄辺戸岬集中観測時の越境汚染の数値シミュレーションによる解析
- 鵜野 伊津志,板橋 秀一,山地 一代 [他],高見 昭憲,長田 和雄,横内 陽子,清水 厚,兼保 直樹,梶井 克純,加藤 俊吾,古谷 浩志,植松 光夫
- 大気環境学会誌 = Journal of Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment 47(5), 195-204, 2012-09-01
- NAID 10030879695
Related Links
- Results for Air Pollutant Services from Maxxam, Air Quality and Climate Change, 3E and other leading brands . Compare and contact a supplier near you on environmental ... Computing Service for Noise Calculations ...
- Air Pollutants This page provides links to information about specific air pollutants.
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「大気汚染物質」「air pollutant」 |
| 関連記事 | 「environmental」「air」「environment」「pollutant」「air pollutant」 |
「大気汚染物質」
「air pollutant」
「environmental」
- adj.
- 環境の、環境性の、環境的な
「air」
- n.
「environment」
- n.
「pollutant」