dependent personality disorder

WordNet

1. bring disorder to (同)disarray
2. a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning; "the doctor prescribed some medicine for the disorder"; "everyone gets stomach upsets from time to time" (同)upset
3. a disturbance of the peace or of public order
4. relying on or requiring a person or thing for support, supply, or what is needed; "dependent children"; "dependent on moisture"
5. addicted to a drug (同)dependant, drug-addicted, hooked, strung-out
6. contingent on something else (同)dependant, qualified
7. (of a clause) unable to stand alone syntactically as a complete sentence; "a subordinate (or dependent) clause functions as a noun or adjective or adverb within a sentence" (同)subordinate
8. the complex of all the attributes--behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental--that characterize a unique individual; "their different reactions reflected their very different personalities"; "it is his nature to help others"
9. a person of considerable prominence; "she is a Hollywood personality"
10. not arranged in order (同)unordered

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉『無秩序』,混乱,乱雑(confusion) / 《しばしば複数形で》(社会的・政治的な)粉争,騒動 / 〈C〉(肉体的・精神的な)不調,異常,障害 / …‘の'秩序を乱す / 〈心身〉‘に'異常を起こさせる
2. 『頼っている』,依存している,従属している / 扶養される人(家族)
3. 〈C〉〈U〉(他人と区別する)『個性』,性格 / 〈U〉〈C〉『人格』,人柄,風格 / 〈C〉(特にある方面での)著名人,有名人

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/29 13:33:38」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Dependent personality disorder
Classification and external resources
Specialty	Psychiatry
ICD-10	F60.7
ICD-9-CM	301.6
MedlinePlus	000941
MeSH	D003859

Personality disorders
Cluster A (odd)
Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypal
Cluster B (dramatic)
Antisocial Borderline Histrionic Narcissistic
Cluster C (anxious)
Avoidant Dependent Obsessive–compulsive
Not specified
Depressive Passive-aggressive Sadistic Self-defeating Psychopathic

Dependent personality disorder (DPD), formerly known as asthenic personality disorder, is a personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people. This personality disorder is a long-term (chronic) condition in which people depend on others to meet their emotional and physical needs, with only a minority achieving normal levels of independence.

The difference between a 'dependent personality' and a 'dependent personality disorder' is somewhat subjective, which makes diagnosis sensitive to cultural influences such as gender role expectations.

A study in 2012 estimated the heritability of DPD to be between 55% and 72%.

Epidemiology

Dependent personality disorder occurs in about 0.6% of the general population. The disorder is diagnosed more often in females than males; however, research suggests that this is largely due to behavioural differences in interviews and self-reporting rather than a difference in prevalence between the sexes. A 2004 twin study suggests a heritability of .81 for developing dependent personality disorder. Because of this, there is significant evidence that this disorder runs in families. Children and adolescents with a history of anxiety disorders and physical illnesses are more susceptible to acquiring this disorder.

American Psychiatric Association

The DSM-IV-TR contains a Dependent Personality Disorder diagnosis. It refers to a pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of which leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation. This begins by early adulthood and can present in a variety of contexts.

World Health Organization

The World Health Organization's ICD-10 lists dependent personality disorder as F60.7 Dependent personality disorder:

It is characterized by at least 3 of the following:

1. encouraging or allowing others to make most of one's important life decisions;
2. subordination of one's own needs to those of others on whom one is dependent, and undue compliance with their wishes;
3. unwillingness to make even reasonable demands on the people one depends on;
4. feeling uncomfortable or helpless when alone, because of exaggerated fears of inability to care for oneself;
5. preoccupation with fears of being abandoned by a person with whom one has a close relationship, and of being left to care for oneself;
6. limited capacity to make everyday decisions without an excessive amount of advice and reassurance from others.

Associated features may include perceiving oneself as helpless, incompetent, and lacking stamina.

Includes:

• asthenic, inadequate, passive, and self-defeating personality (disorder)

It is a requirement of ICD-10 that a diagnosis of any specific personality disorder also satisfies a set of general personality disorder criteria.

Millon's subtypes

Psychologist Theodore Millon identified five adult subtypes of dependent personality disorder. Any individual dependent may exhibit none or one of the following:

Subtype	Description	Personality Traits
Disquieted	Including avoidant features	Restlessly perturbed; disconcerted and fretful; feels dread and foreboding; apprehensively vulnerable to abandonment; lonely unless near supportive figures.
Selfless	Including masochistic features	Merges with and immersed into another; is engulfed, enshrouded, absorbed, incorporated, willingly giving up own identity; becomes one with or an extension of another.
Immature	Variant of “pure” pattern	Unsophisticated, half-grown, unversed, childlike; undeveloped, inexperienced, gullible, and unformed; incapable of assuming adult responsibilities.
Accommodating	Including histrionic features	Gracious, neighborly, eager, benevolent, compliant, obliging, agreeable; denies disturbing feelings; adopts submissive and inferior role well.
Ineffectual	Including schizoid features	Unproductive, gainless, incompetent, useless, meritless; seeks untroubled life; refuses to deal with difficulties; untroubled by shortcomings.

Differential diagnosis

The following conditions commonly coexist (comorbid) with dependent personality disorder:

• mood disorders
• anxiety disorders
• adjustment disorder
• borderline personality disorder
• avoidant personality disorder
• histrionic personality disorder

See also

• Codependency
• Suggestibility

General:

• DSM-IV codes (personality disorders)
• ICD-10 codes (personality disorders)

References

Notes

Sources

• Beck, Aaron T; Freeman, Arthur (1990). Cognitive Therapy of Personality Disorders. New York: Guilford Press. ISBN 978-0-89862-434-2. 
• Millon, Theodore; Davis, Roger Dale (1996). Disorders of Personality: DSM-IV and Beyond. New York: Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-01186-6. 
• Millon, Theodore (1981). Disorders of Personality: DSM-III, Axis II. New York: Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-06403-9. 
• Perry, J. C. (1996). "Dependent personality disorder". In Gabbard, Glen O.; Atkinson, Sarah D. Synopsis of Treatments of Psychiatric Disorders. American Psychiatric Press. pp. 995–8. ISBN 978-0-88048-859-4. 
• Gjerde, L. C.; Czajkowski, N.; Røysamb, E.; Ørstavik, R. E.; Knudsen, G. P.; Østby, K.; Torgersen, S.; Myers, J.; Kendler, K. S.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, T. (2012). "The heritability of avoidant and dependent personality disorder assessed by personal interview and questionnaire". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 126 (6): 448–57. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01862.x. PMC 3493848. PMID 22486635. Lay summary – Norwegian Institute of Public Health (September 24, 2012). 
• Millon, Theodore; Millon, Carrie M.; Meagher, Sarah; Grossman, Seth; Ramnath, Rowena (2004). Personality Disorders in Modern Life. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-66850-3. 
• Millon, Theodore (2006). "Personality Subtypes". 
• Kantor, Martin (1992). Diagnosis and Treatment of the Personality Disorders. Ishiyaku EuroAmerica. ISBN 978-0-912791-89-0. 
• Ellison, J. M.; Adler, D. A. (1990). "A strategy for the pharmacotherapy of personality disorders". In Adler, David A. Treating Personality Disorders. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. pp. 43–63. ISBN 978-1-55542-811-2. 
• Adler, David A., ed. (1990). Treating Personality Disorders. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. ISBN 978-1-55542-811-2. 
• Richards, Henry Jay (1993). Therapy of the Substance Abuse Syndromes. New York: Jason Aronson. ISBN 978-0-87668-539-6. 
• Zimmerman, Mark (1994). Diagnosing DSM-IV-R Psychiatric Disorders in Primary Care Settings: An Interview Guide for the Nonpsychiatrist Physician. Psych Products. ISBN 978-0-9633821-3-9. 
• Ekleberry, Sharon (2014). "Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD)". Treating Co-Occurring Disorders. p. 63–4. ISBN 978-1-317-82549-4. 
• Oldham, John M.; Morris, Lois B. (1990). The Personality Self-portrait: Why You Think, Work, Love, and Act the Way You Do. Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-05757-7. 
• Sperry, Len (1995). Psychopharmacology and Psychotherapy: Strategies for Maximizing Treatment Outcomes. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-87630-787-8. 
• Stone, Michael H. (1993). Abnormalities of Personality: Within and Beyond the Realm of Treatment. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-70127-2. 
• Benjamin, Lorna Smith (1993). Interpersonal Diagnosis and Treatment of Personality Disorders. Guilford Press. ISBN 978-0-89862-990-3. 
• Benjamin, Lorna Smith (1996). "Dependent Personality Disorder". Interpersonal Diagnosis and Treatment of Personality Disorders. Guilford Press. pp. 221–39. ISBN 978-0-89862-990-3. 

External links

• J. Christopher Perry, M.P.H., M.D., 2005 (Dependent Personality Disorder)
• Diagnostic Features, Complications, Prevalence, Associated Laboratory Findings
• MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Dependent personality disorder

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 人格障害 personality disorders
• 2. 境界性人格障害：疫学、臨床的特徴、経過、評価、診断、および鑑別診断 borderline personality disorder epidemiology clinical features course assessment diagnosis and differential diagnosis
• 3. パーソナリティ障害患者との治療関係へのアプローチ approaches to the therapeutic relationship in patients with personality disorders

English Journal

• The association of 5-HTR2A-1438A/G, COMTVal158Met, MAOA-LPR, DATVNTR and 5-HTTVNTR gene polymorphisms and borderline personality disorder in female heroin-dependent Chinese subjects.

• Yang M1, Mamy J2, Wang Q3, Liao YH4, Seewoobudul V4, Xiao SY2, Hao W5.Author information 1Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China; Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.2Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.3Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.4Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.5Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. Electronic address: weihao57@gmail.com.AbstractOBJECTIVE: To explore the association between the 5-HTR2A-1438A/G, COMTVal158Met, MAOA-LPR, DATVNTR and 5-HTTVNTR polymorphisms with co-morbid borderline personality disorder (BPD) in female heroin-dependent patients.
• Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2014 Apr 3;50:74-82. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.12.005. Epub 2013 Dec 16.
• OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between the 5-HTR2A-1438A/G, COMTVal158Met, MAOA-LPR, DATVNTR and 5-HTTVNTR polymorphisms with co-morbid borderline personality disorder (BPD) in female heroin-dependent patients.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In a case control study, we compared the polymorphic distribu
• PMID 24355137

• Gender differences in prevalence and correlates of antisocial personality disorder among heroin dependent users in compulsory isolation treatment in China.

• Yang M1, Mamy J2, Zhou L2, Liao YH3, Wang Q4, Seewoobudul V3, Xiao SY5, Hao W6.Author information 1Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China; Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.2Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.3Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.4Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.5Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China. Electronic address: xiaosy@live.com.6Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. Electronic address: weihao57@gmail.com.AbstractBACKGROUND: Little is known about gender difference in correlates of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) among drug users.
• Addictive behaviors.Addict Behav.2014 Mar;39(3):573-9. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.11.003. Epub 2013 Nov 10.
• BACKGROUND: Little is known about gender difference in correlates of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) among drug users.OBJECTIVE: To detect gender difference in correlates of ASPD in a Chinese heroin dependent sample.METHODS: Structured interviews were conducted among 882 heroin dependent user
• PMID 24342175

Japanese Journal

• パーソナリティ障害特性における被拒絶感が自己認知および他者からの評価に対する欲求に及ぼす影響:—自己関連動機のネガティブな効果の検討

• パーソナリティ研究 23(3), 142-155, 2015
• NAID 130005063765

• パーソナリティ障害患者に対する助言や指導 : 私はどうしているか (特集 精神療法としての助言や指導 : 私はどうしているか)

• 臨床精神医学 43(8), 1167-1172, 2014-08
• NAID 40020171449

• パーソナリティ障害特性と自尊感情の諸側面との関連:—変動の大きさおよび随伴性に着目して

• パーソナリティ研究 23(2), 80-90, 2014
• NAID 130004939796

Related Links

• Dependent personality disorder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dependent personality disorder (DPD), formerly known as asthenic personality disorder, is a personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people. This personality disorder is a long- term ...

Related Pictures

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「人格障害」「依存性人格障害」
関連記事	「disorder」「dependent」「personality」

「人格障害」

　　[★]

英

personality disorder

関

性格障害

• 精神系 090515 I

DSM-IV

A群人格障害

他人から見て奇異、風変わりな印象を与え、内向的で社会から孤立し、引きこもる傾向があり、社会の辺縁に身を置く。

• 妄想性人格障害 paranoid personality disorder 301.0

• 他者への根強い不信の念があり、しかるべき根拠がないのに、自分に対する敵意を感じたり、馬鹿にする、他人が利用する、危害を加えるなどという疑念を抱く。

• 統合失調質人格障害 schizoid personality disorder 301.20

• きわめて内向的で、人との接触に乏しく、自分の中に引きこもり、周囲から変わり者と見なされていることも少なくない。親しい友人や信頼できる友人がなく、他人との親密な関係に欠ける。他人との感情の分かち合い、優しさ、温かさがない。

• 統合失調型人格障害 schizotypal personality disorder 301.22

• 統合失調質人格障害の諸特徴にくわえて、他人に対する被害的内容を中心とした関係念慮、テレパシーや超能力への関心、また話が要領を得ず論理的なまとまりを欠く、不適切な思考が出没するといった明らかな病的障害が認められるもの。

B群人格障害

情動面の激しさと不安定さがあり、外向的だが、時に他者に対する関係は嵐が来たように激しく攻撃的となる。

• 反社会性人格障害 antisocial personality disorder 301.7

• 行動：他者に対する攻撃性が目立ち、喧嘩、他者への暴力、器物破損などが繰り返される。社会規範が守れず、盗みや暴力、あるいは薬物乱用のため警察に逮捕されることが少なくない。職を転々と変えたりして、持続的な就労がなされない。社会的な責任感を欠き、無責任な行動だらしなさが目立つ。
• 感情・情動：不安定かつ荒々しい気象で、些細なことを我慢できず易怒的となる。罪悪感、後悔の念、優しさに欠け、他者に対する憎しみ、冷酷な感情を抱く。また不安感は乏しい。
• 対人関係：自己中心的で共感性を欠き、しばしば誇大的で、他者に対し、支配的あるいは操作的な態度が目立ち、長期的な人間関係を維持できない。

• 境界性人格障害 borderline personality disorder 301.83

• 人格の様々な領域における不安定性と自己の空虚感が目立つ
• 感情・情動：挿間的に出現する強い不快感、いらいら、不安の出現
• 行動：こうした空虚感や抑うつを伴う感情・情動不安定の中で、突然、手首切傷や薬を大量に服用した自殺企図、あるいは性的逸脱、薬物乱用、浪費、過食などが衝動的な行為の形で出現する。
• 対人関係：友人や初対面の人を前にして限られた時間なら表面的には如才ない。身近な他者に対し、しがみつくような形の依存的態度が目立ち、他者との適切な距離がとれない。

• 演技性人格障害 histrionic personality disorder 301.50

• 対人関係にもっとも大きな特徴がある。劇場の演技に比較される、他人の注意を引こうとする度を過ぎた自己顕示的行動が多い。

• 自己愛性人格障害 narcissistic personality disorder 301.81

• 自分には実際以上に優れた才能、力があるという度を超した自負心を持つ
• 他人の注意を自分にずっと引きつけ、賞賛されたいという自己顕示的欲求を持つ
• 他者の自己評価には過敏で、些細な批判的な言葉や態度で容易に傷つき、手ひどい羞恥心や屈辱感を味わう。

C群人格障害

不安げで、臆病で内向的

• 回避性人格障害 avoidant personality disorder 301.82

• 他人と親しく交わりたい、他人に自分を受け入れてもらいたいという願望を強く持っている者の、自信がなく、劣等感があり、低い自己評価のため他者の批判や拒絶を気にし、恥をかくことや非難されることをおそれて、対人関係は浅くなる。

• 依存性人格障害 dependent personality disorder 301.6

• 自分の信頼できる人に著しい依存を見せ、面倒を見てもらいたいという強い願望を持ち、その人へ自分をゆだね、没主体的な従属的な振る舞いをする。

• 強迫性人格障害 obsessive-compulsive personality disorder 301.4

• 過度の秩序意識や、几帳面さと完全主義が認められ、そのため、日常生活や仕事の場面で柔軟性を欠き、かたくなな態度が目立つ。

USMLE

• Q book p.405 12

「依存性人格障害」

　　[★]

英

dependent personality disorder

同

パーソナリティ

「disorder」

　　[★]

• 障害：個人的苦痛や機能の障害があるので「疾病」とは言えるものの、その背景にある臓器障害がもう一つはっきりしない場合に用いられる。(PSY.9)

• n.

• an untidy state; a lack of order or organization (⇔order)
• violent behaviour of large groups of people
• an illness that cause a part of the body to stop functioning correctly

• 注意

disease <> illness <> disorder

• vt.

• 乱す、乱雑にする。(人)の(心身の)調子を狂わせる。

• vi.

　 　 　 　

「dependent」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 依存性の、依存的な、依存型の、依存の

関

depend、dependence、dependency、dependently

　 　 　 　 　

「personality」

　　[★]

• n.

• 性格、人格

関

character