WordNet

the act of gathering something together (同)collecting, assembling, aggregation
several things grouped together or considered as a whole (同)aggregation, accumulation, assemblage
a publication containing a variety of works (同)compendium
a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)
cross a river where its shallow
the act of crossing a stream or river by wading or in a car or on a horse (同)fording
a shallow area in a stream that can be forded (同)crossing
a swelling that is the characteristic lesion of tuberculosis

PrepTutorEJDIC

《時間・距離》『…の間』 / 《利益・貢献》『…のために』 / 《適応・用途》『…向きの(に);』…用の(に);…のための(に) / 《目的・意向》『…のために,』に / 《敬意・記念》『…のために;』…を記念して / 《獲得・追求》『…を得るために』,を求めて / 《行く先・方向》『…あてに;』…[方面]行きの,に向けて / 《交換・報償など》『…に対して』;…と引き換えに;…のお返しに / 《原因・理由》『…のために』,なので / 《代理・代表》『…の代わりに;』…を代表して / 《形容詞の後に用いて》『…にとって,』には / 《比較級の後に用いて》『…の結果として,』…のために / 《対比》『…としては,』のわりには / 《関連》『…について,』の点では / 《資格・属性》『…として』 / 《賛成・支持》…『に賛成して』,を支持して / 《傾向・好み》…『に対する』,には / 《模倣》《おもに米》《英文》…の名を取って(after) / 《割合》…に対して / 《『for』+『名』〈人〉+『to』 doの形で,〈人〉が不定詞to doの意味上の主語を表して》…が(…することは,…するために) / […というのは]…だから
〈U〉〈C〉(…を)『集めること』,(…の)収集,採集;(税金などの)徴集,集金《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『収集物』,収蔵物,コレクション《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉『募金』,〈C〉寄付金,献金 / 〈C〉(水・ちりなどの)堆積,集積,たまり《+『of』+『名』》
〈C〉(特に秩序だった)(…の)『方法』,方式《+『of』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈C〉〈U〉(思考行・行為・行動の)きちょうめんさ;秩序,筋道
(川などの)浅瀬 / 〈川〉‘の'浅瀬を渡る
小塊茎,塊根 / 瘤状突起,結節

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児における結核 tuberculosis disease in children
2. 結核の皮膚症状 cutaneous manifestations of tuberculosis
3. 中枢神経系結核 central nervous system tuberculosis
4. 結核の伝播およびコントロール tuberculosis transmission and control
5. 非HIV感染患者における結核の診断 diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in hiv uninfected patients

English Journal

Determination of isoniazid concentration in rabbit vertebrae by isotope tracing technique in conjunction with HPLC.

Liu P, Fu Z, Jiang J, Yuan L, Lin Z.Author information Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.AbstractMedications compounded with isoniazid (INH) are usually applied to surgical sites at the completion of surgery to locally kill postoperative residual tubercle bacilli. However, the distribution and elimination of INH in the vertebrae in vivo are not known. In this study, isotope tracing was used in conjunction with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to address this. INH and technetium-99 m-labeled INH were applied to the vertebrae of rabbits. After 2 and 6 h, osseous tissues containing INH, as determined by radionuclide imaging, were collected for detection with HPLC. The results showed that INH mainly stayed around the vertebrae 6 h after its application and did not permeate widely into the blood or other organs, except for the kidneys. The standard deviations of INH concentrations in the technetium-99 m-INH group were approximately four-fold smaller than those in the INH group. This method of coupling isotope tracing and HPLC can effectively limit experimental error during sample collection, allowing accurate and reliable identification of the concentration levels of INH in osseous tissues in vivo.
Biomedical chromatography : BMC.Biomed Chromatogr.2013 Sep;27(9):1150-6. doi: 10.1002/bmc.2920. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
Medications compounded with isoniazid (INH) are usually applied to surgical sites at the completion of surgery to locally kill postoperative residual tubercle bacilli. However, the distribution and elimination of INH in the vertebrae in vivo are not known. In this study, isotope tracing was used in
PMID 23629925

PCR diagnosis of tuberculosis--experience in India.

Singh UB, Seth P.Author information Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.AbstractRapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis is the cornerstone of global tuberculosis control programmes. With increasing incidence of tuberculosis epidemics, the low sensitivity and the length of time taken by traditional diagnostic modalities have hampered the efforts to interrupt disease transmission. Introduction of Polymerase Chain Reaction has enhanced the diagnostic predictability of the disease especially in the extrapulmonary, paucibacillary samples. High specificity and sensitivity have been reported in different samples. The technique is capable of picking as few as ten to fifty tubercle bacilli. When PCR technique is performed under quality controlled conditions, false negatives (due to underfined polymerase inhibitors) and false positives (due to cross contamination during sample collection or in the laboratory) can easily by avoided. Samples from sites with a possible latent infection focus or DNA from dead bacilli may give a positive reaction. The use of PCR with traditional diagnostic tools along with clinical presentation can prove helpful in patients presenting with a diagnostic dilemma.
Indian journal of pediatrics.Indian J Pediatr.2002 Nov;69 Suppl 1:S20-4.
Rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis is the cornerstone of global tuberculosis control programmes. With increasing incidence of tuberculosis epidemics, the low sensitivity and the length of time taken by traditional diagnostic modalities have hampered the efforts to interrupt disease transmi
PMID 12501921

The annual tuberculosis infection rate, the tuberculin survey and the tuberculin test.

Bleiker MA.Author information International Tuberculosis Surveillance Centre, Hague, The Netherlands.AbstractIn the present stage of development where tuberculosis mortality has lost its statistical significance because of effective chemotherapy, it is generally recognized that the most reliable measure of the extent of the tuberculosis problem in a population is the "annual tuberculosis infection rate" or incidence of infection. In countries where infection with the bovine type of tubercle bacilli no longer exists, as is the case in the majority of low prevalence countries, the annual infection rate expresses that proportion of the population under study which will be primarily infected, or reinfected with tubercle bacilli from a human source in the course of one year. The annual tuberculosis infection rate is also the best measure for following the trend of the tuberculosis problem in a given population and for evaluating the total effects of organized efforts to control tuberculosis.
Bulletin of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis.1991 Mar;66(1):53-6.
In the present stage of development where tuberculosis mortality has lost its statistical significance because of effective chemotherapy, it is generally recognized that the most reliable measure of the extent of the tuberculosis problem in a population is the "annual tuberculosis infection rate" or
PMID 1859943