関: hemolytic anemia、hemolytic jaundice、microangiopathic anemia

WordNet

locate (a moving entity) by means of a tracking system such as radar
win something through ones efforts; "I acquired a passing knowledge of Chinese"; "Gain an understanding of international finance" (同)win, gain
relating to or involving or causing hemolysis; "hemolytic anemia" (同)haemolytic
a deficiency of red blood cells (同)anaemia
a lack of vitality (同)anaemia
gotten through environmental forces; "acquired characteristics (such as a suntan or a broken nose) cannot be passed on"
genus of terrestrial or lithophytic ferns having pinnatifid fronds; chiefly of tropical America (同)genus Anemia

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/13 17:55:31」(JST)

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Acquired hemolytic anemia can be divided into immune and non-immune mediated forms of hemolytic anemia.

Immune[edit]

Immune mediated hemolytic anemia (direct Coombs test is positive)

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  - Idiopathic
  - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
  - Evans' syndrome (antiplatelet antibodies and hemolytic antibodies)
- Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  - Idiopathic cold hemagglutinin syndrome
  - Infectious mononucleosis and mycoplasma (atypical) pneumonia
  - Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (rare)
Alloimmune hemolytic anemia
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
  - Rh disease (Rh D)
  - ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn
  - Anti-Kell hemolytic disease of the newborn
  - Rhesus c hemolytic disease of the newborn
  - Rhesus E hemolytic disease of the newborn
  - Other blood group incompatibility (RhC, Rhe, Kidd, Duffy, MN, P and others)
- Alloimmune hemolytic blood transfusion reactions (i.e. from a non-compatible blood type)
Drug induced immune mediated hemolytic anemia
- Penicillin (high dose)
- Methyldopa

Non-immune[edit]

Non-immune mediated hemolytic anemia (direct Coombs test is negative)

Drugs (i.e., some drugs and other ingested substances lead to hemolysis by direct action on RBCs, e.g. ribavirin )
Toxins (e.g., snake venom; plant poisons such as aesculin)
Trauma
- Mechanical (from heart valves, extensive vascular surgery, microvascular disease, repeated mechanical vascular trauma)
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (a specific subtype with causes such as TTP, HUS, DIC and HELLP syndrome)
Infections (Note: Direct Coombs test is sometimes positive in hemolytic anemia due to infection)
- Malaria
- Babesiosis
- Septicemia
Membrane disorders
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (rare acquired clonal disorder of red blood cell surface proteins)
- Liver disease

Drug induced hemolysis[edit]

Drug induced hemolysis has large clinical relevance. It occurs when drugs actively provoke red blood cell destruction. It can be divided in the following manner:

Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Drug-induced nonautoimmune hemolytic anemia

A total of four mechanisms are usually described, but there is some evidence that these mechanisms may overlap.^[1]

References[edit]

^ Wright MS (1999). "Drug-induced hemolytic anemias: increasing complications to therapeutic interventions". Clin Lab Sci 12 (2): 115–8. PMID 10387489.

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1. 成人における溶血性貧血の診断へのアプローチ approach to the diagnosis of hemolytic anemia in the adult
2. 小児における溶血性貧血の概要 overview of hemolytic anemias in children
3. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in children: Treatment and outcome
4. Hemolytic anemia due to drugs and toxins
5. 自己免疫性溶血性貧血の病因：温暖凝集素と薬剤 pathogenesis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia warm agglutinins and drugs

English Journal

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