vitamin E deficiency

WordNet

1. any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism
2. the 5th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)e
3. the base of the natural system of logarithms; approximately equal to 2.718282...

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉〈C〉(…の)(量・額などの)不足,欠乏《+『of』(『in』)+『名』》 / 〈C〉不足分,不足量,不足額 / 〈C〉(精神・肉体などの)欠陥
2. 『ビタミン』,栄養素(身体の喜常な機能を維持するために少量ながら必要な有機化合物)
3. einsteiniumの化学記号

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/14 11:16:44」(JST)

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Vitamin E deficiency
Classification and external resources
Specialty	endocrinology
ICD-10	E56.0
ICD-9-CM	269.1
DiseasesDB	13950
eMedicine	article/126187
MeSH	D014811

Vitamin E deficiency causes nerve problems due to poor conduction of electrical impulses along nerves due to changes in nerve membrane structure and function.

Signs and symptoms

Signs of vitamin E deficiency include the following:

• Neuromuscular problems-such as spinocerebellar ataxia and myopathies.
• Neurological problems-may include dysarthria, absence of deep tendon reflexes, loss of vibratory sensation and proprioception, and positive Babinski sign.
• Anemia-due to oxidative damage to red blood cells
• Retinopathy
• Impairment of the immune response

There is also some laboratory evidence that vitamin E deficiency can cause male infertility.

Causes

Vitamin E deficiency is rare and is almost never caused by a poor diet. Instead, there are three specific situations when a vitamin E deficiency is likely to occur:

• Premature, very low birth weight infants - birth weights less than 1500 grams, or 3.5 pounds. A neonatologist, a pediatrician specializing in the care of newborns, typically evaluates the nutritional needs of premature infants.
• Rare disorders of fat metabolism - There is a rare genetic condition termed isolated vitamin E deficiency or ataxia with isolated with vitamin E deficiency, caused by mutations in the gene for the tocopherol transfer protein. These individuals have an extremely poor capacity to absorb vitamin E and develop neurological complications that are reversed by high doses of vitamin E.
• Fat malabsorption - Some dietary fat is needed for the absorption of vitamin E from the gastrointestinal tract. Anyone diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, individuals who have had part or all of their stomach removed or who have had a gastric bypass, and individuals with malabsorptive problems such as Crohn's disease, liver disease or pancreatic insufficiency may not absorb fat (people who cannot absorb fat often pass greasy stools or have chronic diarrhea and bloating). Abetalipoproteinemia is a rare inherited disorder of fat metabolism that results in poor absorption of dietary fat and vitamin E. The vitamin E deficiency associated with this disease causes problems such as poor transmission of nerve impulses, muscle weakness, and degeneration of the retina that can cause blindness.

Mechanism

• Visual changes-Photoreceptor outer segment membranes have a very high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's) and are potentially very susceptible to oxidative damage (the retina consumes 5-10 times more oxygen per milligram than any other tissue tested). Vitamin E is present in the outer segment and is the only well-recognized chain-breaking, lipid-soluble antioxidant in vivo. After 12 months of experimental vitamin E deficiency in rats, visual function was absent or grossly abnormal. There was a 90% loss of DHA from the retina-probably caused by peroxidative degradation-and changes in retinal membrane fluidity.

Treatment

The treatment is some form of Vitamin E supplementation.

Aggressive vitamin E replacement therapy has been shown to either prevent, halt or improve visual abnormalities.

See also

• Familial isolated vitamin E deficiency
• Tocopherol

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. ビタミンEの概要 overview of vitamin e
• 2. 遺伝性運動失調の概要 overview of the hereditary ataxias
• 3. 神経有棘赤血球症 neuroacanthocytosis
• 4. 棘状細胞（棘状赤血球および有棘赤血球）と標的細胞 spiculated cells echinocytes and acanthocytes and target cells
• 5. 成人における小脳性運動失調の概要 overview of cerebellar ataxia in adults

English Journal

• Sheep deficient in vitamin E preferentially select for a feed with a higher concentration of vitamin E.

• Amanoel DE1, Thomas DT2, Blache D1, Milton JT1, Wilmot MG2, Revell DK1, Norman HC2.
• Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience.Animal.2016 Feb;10(2):183-91. doi: 10.1017/S1751731115001937. Epub 2015 Sep 10.
• Given the capacity of ruminants to modify diet selection based on metabolic needs, we hypothesised that, when given a choice, lambs experiencing a vitamin E deficiency would consume more of a vitamin E-enriched feed than lambs not deficient in vitamin E. Fifty-six Dohne Merino lambs were divided int
• PMID 26355660

• A Plasma α-Tocopherome Can Be Identified from Proteins Associated with Vitamin E Status in School-Aged Children of Nepal.

• West KP Jr1, Cole RN2, Shrestha S3, Schulze KJ3, Lee SE3, Betz J4, Nonyane BA3, Wu LS3, Yager JD5, Groopman JD5, Christian P3.
• The Journal of nutrition.J Nutr.2015 Dec;145(12):2646-56. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.210682. Epub 2015 Oct 7.
• BACKGROUND: The term vitamin E describes a family of 8 vitamers, 1 of which is α-tocopherol, that is essential for human health. Vitamin E status remains largely unknown in low-income countries because of the complexity and cost of measurement. Quantitative proteomics may offer an approach for iden
• PMID 26446483

• Vitamin E and neurodegeneration.

• Ulatowski LM1, Manor D2.
• Neurobiology of disease.Neurobiol Dis.2015 Dec;84:78-83. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.04.002. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
• Alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) is a plant-derived antioxidant that is essential for human health. Studies with humans and with animal models of vitamin E deficiency established the critical roles of the vitamin in protecting the central nervous system, and especially the cerebellum, from oxidative dam
• PMID 25913028

Japanese Journal

• 臨床研究・症例報告 生理的O脚として経過観察されていたビタミンD欠乏性くる病の1例

• 掛江 壮輔,岡本 学,米田 尚弘,辻 靖博,田中 雄二,西村 玲,鞁嶋 有紀
• 小児科臨床 = Japanese journal of pediatrics 72(5), 649-652, 2019-05
• NAID 40021870861

• Association between Vitamin D deficiency and allergic symptom in pregnant women

• Kanatani Kumiko T.,Adachi Yuichi,Hamazaki Kei,Onishi Kazunari,Go Tohshin,Hirabayashi Kyoko,Watanabe Motonobu,Sato Keiko,Kurozawa Youichi,Inadera Hidekuni,Oyama Hiroshi,Nakayama Takeo
• PLOS ONE 14(4), 2019-04-10
• … Background: Vitamin D has been reported to affect both innate, and acquired immunity with immune cells such as dendritic cells having the vitamin D receptors. … The co-occurrence of the high prevalence of allergic diseases and vitamin D deficiency globally documented in recent decades, has prompted a hypothesis on whether there is a reasonable association between them. …
• NAID 120006623989

• 加齢に伴う副甲状腺ホルモン,ビタミンDの変化と生命予後への影響 (特集 加齢とホルモンの連関 : 超超高齢社会を迎えて)

• 井上 大輔
• 内分泌・糖尿病・代謝内科 = Endocrinology, diabetology & metabolism 48(4), 255-261, 2019-04
• NAID 40021890756

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ビタミンE欠乏」
関連記事	「deficiency」「Es」「E」

「ビタミンE欠乏」

　　[★]

英

vitamin E deficiency

関

ビタミンE欠乏症

「deficiency」

　　[★]

• n.

• 不足、欠乏、欠失、欠如、欠損、不十分。栄養不足、栄養素欠乏、欠乏症。(遺伝子)(染色体内の)遺伝子欠失
• 欠けているもの、不足している物。不足分。不完全なもの、欠点のあるもの

関

absence, agenesis, dearth, defect, defective, deficient, deficit, delete, deletion, deletional, depletion, deprivation, deprive, lack, miss, missing, morphological defect, paucity, scarce, scarcity, starve

　

「Es」

　　[★] アインスタイニウム

関

einsteinium

　

「E」

　　[★]

• グルタミン酸
• 酵素