WordNet

an agent that kills worms (especially those in the intestines)
capable of expelling or destroying parasitic worms (同)anthelminthic, helminthic, parasiticidal

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/05 18:12:07」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Anthelmintic effect of papain on Heligmosomoides bakeri.

Anthelmintics or antihelminthics are drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) from the body, by either stunning or killing them. They may also be called vermifuges (stunning) or vermicides (killing).

Pharmaceuticals[edit]

Benzimidazoles:
- Albendazole – effective against threadworms, roundworms, whipworms, tapeworms, hookworms
- Mebendazole – effective against pinworms, roundworms and hookworms
- Thiabendazole – effective against roundworms, hookworms
- Fenbendazole – effective against gastrointestinal parasites
- Triclabendazole – effective against liver flukes
- Flubendazole – effective against most intestinal parasites

Abamectin – effective against most common intestinal worms, except tapeworms, for which praziquantel is commonly used in conjunction with abamectin
Diethylcarbamazine – effective against Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, loiasis
Niclosamide – effective against tapeworms
Ivermectin – effective against most common intestinal worms (except tapeworms)
Suramin – It is used for treatment of human sleeping sickness caused by trypanosomes
Pyrantel pamoate – effective against most nematode infections
Levamisole
Praziquantel – effective against cestodes, some trematodes
Octadepsipeptides (e.g.: Emodepside) – effective against a variety of gastrointestinal helminths
Aminoacetonitrile derivatives (e.g. Monepantel): effective against a variety of gastrointestinal roundworms including those resistant to other anthelmintic classes.
Spiroindoles (e.g. derquantel): effective against a range of gastrointestinal roundworms including those resistant to other anthelmintic classes

Anthelmintic resistance[edit]

The ability of worms to survive treatments that are generally effective at the recommended dose rate is considered a major threat to the future control of worm parasites of small ruminants and horses. This is especially true of nematodes and has contributed to the development of aminoacetonitrile derivatives for treatment against drug resistant nematodes.

The clinical definition of resistance is a 95% or less reduction in a "Fecal Egg Count" test.^{[clarification needed]}

Treatment with an antihelminthic drug kills worms whose phenotype renders them susceptible to the drug. Worms that are resistant survive and pass on their "resistance" genes. Resistant worms accumulate and finally treatment failure occurs. See drug resistance.

References[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

General references[edit]

Department of the Army Headquarters (2004). U.S. Army Survival Manual Fm 21-76. Barnes & Noble Inc. ISBN 0-7607-4988-4.

External links[edit]

Anthelmintics at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Plant products in the treatment and control of filariasisand other helminth infections and assay systems for antifilarial/anthelminthic activity.
Holden-Dye, L. and Walker, R.J.Anthelmintic drugs (November 02, 2007), WormBook, ed. The C. elegans Research Community, WormBook, doi/10.1895/wormbook.1.143.1 (English)

This antiinfective drug article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

English Journal

Enzymatic, antimicrobial and toxicity studies of the aqueous extract of Ananas comosus (pineapple) crown leaf.

Dutta S1, Bhattacharyya D.
Journal of ethnopharmacology.J Ethnopharmacol.2013 Nov 25;150(2):451-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.024. Epub 2013 Sep 26.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Various parts of the plant pineapple (Ananas comosus) are used in traditional medicine worldwide for treatment of a number of diseases and disorders. In folk medicine, pineapple leaf extract was used as an antimicrobial, vermicide, purgative, emmenagoogue, abortifacie
PMID 24076462

Review on pharmacological and toxicologyical effects of oleum azadirachti oil.

Koriem KM1.
Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine.Asian Pac J Trop Biomed.2013 Oct;3(10):834-40. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60165-3. Epub 2013 Sep 4.
Oleum azadirachti consists of the oil obtained from dried seeds of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (family: Meliaceae). Local names of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. are Abodua, aforo-oyinbo, anwe egyane, arista, azad dirakht, azadarakht, azedarach and bead tree. Indigenous to India, and widely distributed
PMID 24075352

Invasive intestinal myiasis in a young male presenting as fungating rectal mass: an unusual presentation.

Kumari M1, Goel MM, Singh D.
Indian journal of pathology & microbiology.Indian J Pathol Microbiol.2012 Jul-Sep;55(3):384-5. doi: 10.4103/0377-4929.101753.
Intestinal myiasis is usually an accidental phenomenon which is transient and asymptomatic. It occurs due to intake of contaminated food or water containing fly larvae or eggs. We report a case of invasive intestinal myiasis presenting with complaint of pain, blood-mixed mucous discharge per rectum
PMID 23032840

Japanese Journal

肝蛭自然感染牛における血清沈降抗体の推移と臨床生化学検査成績

千田広文,宮本守人,山下秀之,野田雅博,片山高雄
日本獣医師会雑誌 38(1), 21-26, 1985
一農家の乳牛19頭について経時的に血液と糞便を採取し, 年間および肝蛭駆虫薬投与後における肝蛭虫卵の検出状況, 沈降抗体価および臨床生化学検査成績の推移を調査し, 次のような結果を得た.<BR>1) 肝蛭虫卵陽性率は, 駆虫薬投与後著しく低下し, 駆虫薬投与後3-5カ月には次第に上昇した.<BR>2) 駆虫薬投与後の沈降抗体価 (幾何平均値) の推移は, 2回の駆虫薬投与 …
NAID 130003847545

小型膵蛭寄生牛の臨床検査所見について

坂本紘 [他],田代哲之,渡辺茂,坂本司,河野猪三郎,安田宣紘
鹿兒島大學農學部學術報告 30, 117-122, 1980-03-19
鹿児島県北部の高地にある2つの牧場に小型膵蛭症が集団発生した.小型膵蛭症に関する臨床的報告は極めて少ない.著者等は8例の感染牛に対し臨床病理学的観察を行い以下の結果を得た.1.特徴的な臨床症状は痩削と泡沫状流涎であり特に, 泡沫状流涎は発症初期より末期まで一貫して認められた.2.糞便検査による虫卵の検出率は高くなかった.フィルムテストでは8例中7例に異常所見が認められ, 本症のスクリーニングテスト …
NAID 110004993164

鉤虫症貧血に於ける血清鉄,銅量並びに臓器銅の態度

喜多島和男 [他],十川保,内藤孝和,浅野健夫,本多正憲,水津昭
岡山医学会雑誌 69(8), ????, 1957-08
… 2) In the treatment of hookworm with vermicide, serum iron and copper together with Fe/Cu were restored first and afterwards followed the recovery of anemia. …
NAID 120002753491