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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/11 01:55:21」(JST)

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The semitendinosus (/ˌsɛmitɛndᵻˈnoʊsəs/) is a long superficial muscle in the back of the thigh; it is one of the hamstrings.

Structure

The semitendinosus, remarkable for the great length of its tendon of insertion, is situated at the posterior and medial aspect of the thigh.

It arises from the lower and medial impression on the tuberosity of the ischium, by a tendon common to it and the long head of the biceps femoris; it also arises from an aponeurosis which connects the adjacent surfaces of the two muscles to the extent of about 7.5 cm. from their origin.

The muscle is fusiform and ends a little below the middle of the thigh in a long round tendon which lies along the medial side of the popliteal fossa; it then curves around the medial condyle of the tibia and passes over the medial collateral ligament of the knee-joint, from which it is separated by a bursa, and is inserted into the upper part of the medial surface of the body of the tibia, nearly as far forward as its anterior crest.

The semitendinosus is more superficial than the semimembranosus (with which it shares very close insertion and attachment points). However, because the semimembranosus is wider and flatter than the semitendinosus, it is still possible to palpate the semimembranosus directly.

At its insertion it gives off from its lower border a prolongation to the deep fascia of the leg and lies behind the tendon of the sartorius, and below that of the gracilis, to which it is united. These three tendons form what is known as the pes anserinus, so named because it looks like the foot of a goose.

A tendinous intersection is usually observed about the middle of the muscle.

Innervation

A lower motor neuron exits to the sacral plexus exiting through the spinal levels L5-S2. From the sacral plexus, the lower motor neuron travels down the sciatic nerve.^[1] The sciatic nerve branches into the deep fibular nerve and the tibial nerve. The tibial nerve innervates the semitendinosus as well as the other hamstring muscles, the semimembranosus and biceps femoris.^[2]

Function

The semitendinosus muscle is one of three hamstring muscles that are located at the back of the thigh. The other two are the semimembranosus muscle and the biceps femoris. The semitendinosus muscle lies between the other two. These three muscles work collectively to flex the knee and extend the hip.

The muscle also helps to medially rotate the tibia on the femur when the knee is flexed and medially rotate the femur when the hip is extended. It counteracts forward bending at the hips as well.^[1]

Additional images

Right hip bone. External surface.
The popliteal, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries.
Back of left lower extremity.
Semitendinosus muscle
Semitendinosus muscle
Semitendinosus muscle
Muscles of thigh. Lateral view.
Muscles of thigh. Cross section.
Muscles of thigh. Anterior views.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ ^a ^b Saladin, Kenneth S. Anatomy & Physiology: the unity of form and function. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010. Print.
^ Agur, Anne M. R., Arthur F. Dalley, and J. C. Boileau Grant. Grant's Atlas of Anatomy. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013. Print.

External links

Anatomy photo:14:st-0410 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Cross section image: pembody/body18b - Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna
knee/surface/surface4 at the Dartmouth Medical School's Department of Anatomy
PTCentral

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. ハムストリング筋腱損傷 hamstring muscle and tendon injuries
2. 下肢ランニング障害の概要 overview of running injuries of the lower extremity
3. Throwing injuries of the upper extremity: Clinical presentation and diagnostic approach
4. 股関節および鼠径部の筋骨格系検査 musculoskeletal examination of the hip and groin
5. 膝の身体診察 physical examination of the knee

English Journal

The impact of beef cattle temperament assessed using flight speed on muscle glycogen, muscle lactate and plasma lactate concentrations at slaughter.

Coombes SV1, Gardner GE2, Pethick DW2, McGilchrist P3.
Meat science.Meat Sci.2014 Dec;98(4):815-21. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.029. Epub 2014 Aug 7.
This study evaluated the effect of animal temperament measured using flight speed (FS) on plasma lactate, muscle glycogen and lactate concentrations at slaughter plus ultimate pH in 648 lot finished cattle of mixed breed and sex. Muscle samples were collected at slaughter from the m. semimembranosus
PMID 25170817

Genome wide association study of cholesterol and poly- and monounsaturated fatty acids, protein, and mineral content of beef from crossbred cattle.

Ahlberg CM1, Schiermiester LN1, T J1, Howard1, Calkins CR1, Spangler ML2.
Meat science.Meat Sci.2014 Dec;98(4):804-14. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.07.030. Epub 2014 Aug 12.
The objectives were to determine the variation explained by the BovineSNP50v2 BeadChip for cholesterol (CH), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), protein, and minerals in beef cattle, and to identify chromosomal regions that harbor major allelic variants underlying
PMID 25170816

Postnatal expression patterns and polymorphism analysis of the bovine myocyte enhancer factor 2C (Mef2C) gene.

Juszczuk-Kubiak E1, Wicińska K2, Starzyński RR3.
Meat science.Meat Sci.2014 Dec;98(4):753-8. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.015. Epub 2014 Jun 22.
The aim of this study was to analyze the level of expression of the Mef2C gene in the developing bovine longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle (at 6, 9 and 12months of age) and to evaluate differences in expression among Polish Holstein-Friesian (HO) and Limousine (LM) bulls. Moreover, the expression pattern
PMID 25108515

Japanese Journal

半腱様筋腱-薄筋腱と骨付き膝蓋腱による前十字靱帯再建術の膝制動性および筋力の比較 : 短期経時的変化および性別, 年齢別比較

眞田高起,内山英司,岩噌弘志,今屋健,中村謙介,山本敬之
JOSKAS 37(3), 525-532, 2012-06-25
NAID 10030790804

Balance of hip and trunk muscle activity is associated with increased anterior pelvic tilt during prone hip extension.

Tateuchi Hiroshige,Taniguchi Masashi,Mori Natsuko,Ichihashi Noriaki
Journal of electromyography and kinesiology 22(3), 391-397, 2012-06
… Surface electromyography (of the gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, rectus femoris, tensor fasciae latae, multifidus, and erector spinae) and pelvic kinematic measurements were collected. … Results showed that increased activity of the hip flexor (tensor fasciae latae) relative to that of hip extensors (gluteus maximus and semitendinosus) was significantly associated with increased anterior pelvic tilt during hip extension (r=0.52). …
NAID 120004247219

SLRストレッチとPNFストレッチでは半腱様筋の伸張部位が異なる

海野和広,服部寛,乙戸崇寛,赤坂清和,澤田豊
運動療法と物理療法 = The Journal of physical medicine 23(1), 81-86, 2012-05-31
NAID 10030616879

Related Pictures

Semitendinosus details: 000040066 - Semitendinosus muscle SEMITENDINOSUS image galleries - imageKB SEMITENDINOSUS – COMRADES SPECIAL The King of Hamstring Exercises | Breaking Action = Extends andhyperextends the hip Semitendinosus Semimembranosu

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元

「半腱様筋」

Semitendinosus muscle
	Muscles of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions. Semitendinosus labeled at bottom left.
	Horizontal section of left thigh, viewed from above. Semitendinosus visible at bottom right.
Details
Origin	Tuberosity of the ischium
Insertion	Pes anserinus (tibia)
Artery	Inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries
Nerve	Sciatic (tibial, L5, S1, S2)
Actions	Flexion of knee, extension of the hip joint
Antagonist	Quadriceps muscle
Identifiers
Latin	Musculus semitendinosus
Dorlands; /Elsevier	m_22/12550732
TA	A04.7.02.035
FMA	22357
	Anatomical terms of muscle [edit on Wikidata]