断綴性言語
WordNet
- (language) communication by word of mouth; "his speech was garbled"; "he uttered harsh language"; "he recorded the spoken language of the streets" (同)speech communication, spoken communication, spoken_language, language, voice communication, oral communication
- something spoken; "he could hear them uttering merry speeches"
- the exchange of spoken words; "they were perfectly comfortable together without speech"
- the process of translating photographs into a digital form that can be recognized by a computer
- the act of systematically moving a finely focused beam of light or electrons over a surface in order to produce an image of it for analysis or transmission
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉『話す力』,話す能力・〈U〉話すこと,言隆・〈C〉『演説』,話,スピーチ・〈U〉(人の)『話し方』・〈C〉〈U〉(特定の)言語,方言,なまり・〈C〉(役者の)のせりふ・〈U〉話法
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2017/05/28 23:55:09」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Scanning speech |
Classification and external resources |
ICD-10 |
R47.1 |
MeSH |
D004401 |
[edit on Wikidata]
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Scanning speech, also known as explosive speech, is a type of ataxic dysarthria in which spoken words are broken up into separate syllables, often separated by a noticeable pause, and spoken with varying force.[1] The sentence "Walking is good exercise", for example, might be pronounced as "Walk (pause) ing is good ex (pause) er (pause) cise". Additionally, stress may be placed on unusual syllables.
The name is derived from literary scansion, because the speech pattern separates the syllables in a phrase much like scanning a poem counts the syllables in a line of poetry.[2]
There is no universal agreement about the exact definition of this term.[2] Some sources require only a noticeable pause between syllables, while others require other speech abnormalities, such as the unusual stress pattern on syllables. Some sources consider it a common, but not necessary, feature of ataxic dysarthria; others consider it exactly synonymous with ataxic dysarthria.[2]
Cause
Scanning speech, like other ataxic dysarthrias, is a symptom of lesions in the cerebellum.[1] It is a typical symptom of multiple sclerosis,[3] and it constitutes one of the three symptoms of Charcot's neurologic triad.[4]
Scanning speech may be accompanied by other symptoms of cerebellar damage, such as gait, truncal and limb ataxia, intention tremor, inaccuracies in rapidly repeated movements and sudden, abrupt nausea and vomiting. The handwriting of such patients may also be abnormally large.[5]
References
- ^ a b Horton-Szar, Dan (2009). Crash Course Neurology. Elsevier Limited. ISBN 978-0-7234-3469-6.
- ^ a b c Terence R. Anthoney (1994). Neuroanatomy and the neurologic exam: a thesaurus of synonyms, similar-sounding non-synonyms, and terms of variable meaning. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 482–483. ISBN 0-8493-8631-4.
- ^ Stachowiak, Julie. "Scanning Speech". ms.about.com. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
- ^ "Charcot's triad I". whonamedit.com. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
- ^ Thomas, Huw. "Cerbellar Signs including Cerebellar Ataxia". Retrieved 2012-01-04.
Symptoms and signs: Speech and voice / Symptoms involving head and neck (R47–R49, 784)
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Aphasias |
- Acute Aphasias
- Expressive aphasia
- Receptive aphasia
- Conduction aphasia
- Anomic aphasia
- Global aphasia
- Transcortical sensory aphasia
- Transcortical motor aphasia
- Mixed transcortical aphasia
- Progressive Aphasias
- Progressive nonfluent aphasia
- Semantic dementia
- Logopenic progressive aphasia
- Speech disturbances
- Speech disorder
- Developmental verbal dyspraxia/Apraxia of speech
- Auditory verbal agnosia
- Dysarthria
- Schizophasia
- Aprosodia/Dysprosody
- Specific language impairment
- Thought disorder
- Pressure of speech
- Derailment
- Clanging
- Circumstantiality
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Communication disorders |
- Developmental dyslexia/Alexia
- Agnosia
- Astereognosis
- Prosopagnosia
- Visual agnosia
- Gerstmann syndrome
- Developmental coordination disorder/Apraxia
- Dyscalculia/Acalculia
- Agraphia
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Voice disturbances |
- Dysphonia/Aphonia
- Bogart–Bacall syndrome
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Nose |
- Post-nasal drip
- Epistaxis
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Mouth |
- Orofacial pain
- Toothache
- Galvanic pain
- Barodontalgia
- Fremitus
- Tooth mobility
- Bruxism
- Trismus
- Ageusia
- Hypogeusia
- Dysgeusia
- Parageusia
- Hypergeusia
- Xerostomia
- Halitosis
- Drooling
- Hypersalivation
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Neck |
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Other |
- Headache
- Auditory processing disorder
- Otalgia
- Velopharyngeal inadequacy
- Velopharyngeal insufficiency
- Hypersensitive gag reflex
- Jaw claudication
- Hypomimia
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Disrupted sensorimotor and social-cognitive networks underlie symptoms in childhood-onset schizophrenia.
- Berman RA1, Gotts SJ2, McAdams HM3, Greenstein D3, Lalonde F3, Clasen L3, Watsky RE3, Shora L3, Ordonez AE3, Raznahan A3, Martin A2, Gogtay N3, Rapoport J3.
- Brain : a journal of neurology.Brain.2016 Jan;139(Pt 1):276-91. doi: 10.1093/brain/awv306. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
- SEE LANCASTER AND HALL DOI101093/AWV330 FOR A SCIENTIFIC COMMENTARY ON THIS ARTICLE: .Schizophrenia is increasingly recognized as a neurodevelopmental disorder with altered connectivity among brain networks. In the current study we examined large-scale network interactions in childhood-onset schizop
- PMID 26493637
- Separate neural systems support representations for actions and objects during narrative speech in post-stroke aphasia.
- Gleichgerrcht E1, Fridriksson J2, Rorden C3, Nesland T1, Desai R3, Bonilha L1.
- NeuroImage. Clinical.Neuroimage Clin.2015 Dec 1;10:140-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.013. eCollection 2016.
- BACKGROUND: Representations of objects and actions in everyday speech are usually materialized as nouns and verbs, two grammatical classes that constitute the core elements of language. Given their very distinct roles in singling out objects (nouns) or referring to transformative actions (verbs), th
- PMID 26759789
- Acoustic richness modulates the neural networks supporting intelligible speech processing.
- Lee YS1, Min NE2, Wingfield A3, Grossman M2, Peelle JE4.
- Hearing research.Hear Res.2015 Dec 23;333:108-117. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.12.008. [Epub ahead of print]
- The information contained in a sensory signal plays a critical role in determining what neural processes are engaged. Here we used interleaved silent steady-state (ISSS) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore how human listeners cope with different degrees of acoustic richness durin
- PMID 26723103
Japanese Journal
- 口文字盤読み取り支援システムの検討(発達障害,メディア・コミュニケーションの品質と福祉,及び一般)
- 伊藤 史人
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. MVE, マルチメディア・仮想環境基礎 112(474), 219-222, 2013-03-04
- ALS等の神経難病は,病状が進行するにつれ運動機能が徐々に低下してゆく.自呼吸が不可能になると,気管切開を行なって人工呼吸器を装着することになる.気管切開を行うと発声が極めて難しくなるため,発話によるコミュニケーションが困難になる.一般に,発話が難しくなると透明文字盤や会話補助装置・意思伝達装置が利用されるが,一部のALS患者の間では口文字盤が使われる.これは,顔筋の動作を母音に割り当て,支援者が …
- NAID 110009713352
- 口文字盤読み取り支援システムの検討(発達障害,メディア・コミュニケーションの品質と福祉,及び一般)
- 伊藤 史人
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. IE, 画像工学 112(473), 219-222, 2013-03-04
- ALS等の神経難病は,病状が進行するにつれ運動機能が徐々に低下してゆく.自呼吸が不可能になると,気管切開を行なって人工呼吸器を装着することになる.気管切開を行うと発声が極めて難しくなるため,発話によるコミュニケーションが困難になる.一般に,発話が難しくなると透明文字盤や会話補助装置・意思伝達装置が利用されるが,一部のALS患者の間では口文字盤が使われる.これは,顔筋の動作を母音に割り当て,支援者が …
- NAID 110009713090
- 口文字盤読み取り支援システムの検討(発達障害,メディア・コミュニケーションの品質と福祉,及び一般)
- 伊藤 史人
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. WIT, 福祉情報工学 112(475), 219-222, 2013-03-04
- ALS等の神経難病は,病状が進行するにつれ運動機能が徐々に低下してゆく.自呼吸が不可能になると,気管切開を行なって人工呼吸器を装着することになる.気管切開を行うと発声が極めて難しくなるため,発話によるコミュニケーションが困難になる.一般に,発話が難しくなると透明文字盤や会話補助装置・意思伝達装置が利用されるが,一部のALS患者の間では口文字盤が使われる.これは,顔筋の動作を母音に割り当て,支援者が …
- NAID 110009712937
Related Links
- speech [spēch] the utterance of vocal sounds conveying ideas; the faculty of conveying thoughts and ideas by vocal sounds. The process is controlled through motor speech areas located in the frontal lobe of the brain. The Mechanics ...
- 70) 断綴(だんてつ)性言語(scanning speech) :南山堂医学大事典p1246 小脳性疾患と多発性硬化症で出現する構音障害のひとつ。 発語は爆発的であり、急に速度が落ちたりとぎれたりする。 急に調子が変わり音節は不明瞭 ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- multiple sclerosis, MS
- 関
- 脱髄疾患、視神経脊髄炎症候群。急性型多発性硬化症 バロー同心円硬化症 Balo's concentric sclerosis
- first aid step1 2006 p.191,327,332,350,353,358
概念
- 中枢神経系の原因不明の脱髄疾患
- 中枢神経系(大脳、小脳、脳幹、視神経)の白質に、多巣性の限局性脱髄疾患が生じ、さまざまな神経症候(空間的多発)が、再発と緩解を繰り返す(時間的多発)のが特徴
病因
疫学
- 緯度の高い地方に多発する傾向。(北欧・北米>アジア、アフリカ諸国)
- 北欧・北米:30-80人/10万人 有病率
- 日本:1-4人/10万人 有病率
- 若年に発症(15-50歳で80-90%が発症。30歳がピーク)
- 男:女=1:1.3-3.2
- HLA-DR2との関連
病理
症状
classical triad
- 神経心理学的症候:失語、失行、失認
- 錐体外路症状:硬直、ジストニー
診断
検査
- CTや核磁気共鳴法など:脱髄巣
- CT:低吸収
- MRI
[show details]
腰椎穿刺、髄液
- 細胞・蛋白・IgG・ミエリン塩基性蛋白は軽度から中等度上昇
- 電気泳動:60-80%でオリゴクローナルIgGバンド、ミエリンベーシック蛋白質陽性
治療
症例
- 22歳女性、昨日より突然右の上下肢に力が入らなくなったので驚いて受診した。16歳の時に一過性の視力低下があった。20歳の時には小脳失調になったが数日で回復したという。MRI T2強調画像で白質に多発性の病変が見られる。
USMLE
国試
参考
- http://www.neurology-jp.org/guidelinem/koukasyo.html
- →acrobat reader Xやflash player 10が必要だったり、閲覧に苦労するかも。
- http://www.neuroimmunology.jp/MSgaido2009.pdf
[★]
- 発話能力、言語能力。話、発話。会話、対話。演説、スピーチ。話し方、話しぶり。口語、話し言葉。スピーチ学
[★]
- 関
- scan