WordNet
- required activity; "the requirements of his work affected his health"; "there were many demands on his time" (同)demand
- make attractive or acceptable; "Honesty recommends any person"
- push for something; "The travel agent recommended strongly that we not travel on Thanksgiving Day" (同)urge, advocate
- an opening through which fluid is admitted to a tube or container (同)inlet
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 必要なもの;(…の)必要条件,資格《+『for』+『名』(do-『ing』)》
- …‘を'『推薦する』,推奨する / 〈事〉‘を'『勧める』,勧告する / 〈物事が〉…‘を'好ましてものにする,‘の'とりえとなる / (神などに)…‘を'ゆだねる《+『名』+『to』+『名』》
- 〈C〉(導管などの水・空気などの)取り入れ口 / 〈C〉取り入れ,吸い込み / 〈U〉摂取量;取り入れたもの
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 小児における食事歴と推奨食事摂取量 dietary history and recommended dietary intake in children
- 2. カリウムと高血圧 potassium and hypertension
- 3. 妊娠中の栄養 nutrition in pregnancy
- 4. 思春期におけるカルシウムの所要量 calcium requirements in adolescents
- 5. 成人における健康食 healthy diet in adults
English Journal
- Stability of vitamin D in foodstuffs during cooking.
- Jakobsen J, Knuthsen P.Author information Division of Food Chemistry, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Mørkhøj Bygade 19, DK-2860 Søborg, Denmark. Electronic address: jeja@food.dtu.dk.AbstractWe investigated the retention of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in eggs, vitamin D3 in margarine, and vitamin D3 and vitamin D2 in bread. Our set-up illustrated the cooking methods usually performed in households i.e. boiling, frying in pan and oven, and baking. All experiments were performed three times independently of one another. The retention of vitamin D compounds in eggs and margarine during heat treatment in an oven for 40min at normal cooking temperature showed retention at 39-45%, while frying resulted in retention at 82-84%. Boiled eggs were found to have a similar level of retention (86-88%). For bread baked, as recommended in the recipe, the retention of vitamin D3 in rye bread at 69% was lower than the retention in wheat bread at 85%. A similar observation was made for vitamin D2, although the retention was slightly higher, 73% and 89%. No difference between retention of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in eggs was shown. Cooking may cause detrimental loss of vitamin D, but it depends on the actual foodstuffs and the heating process. Further research is needed to optimise cooking procedures to enhance retention of vitamin D. Vitamin D retention should be taken into account in future calculations of dietary intake of vitamin D.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 Apr 1;148:170-5. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.043. Epub 2013 Oct 17.
- We investigated the retention of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in eggs, vitamin D3 in margarine, and vitamin D3 and vitamin D2 in bread. Our set-up illustrated the cooking methods usually performed in households i.e. boiling, frying in pan and oven, and baking. All experiments were performed t
- PMID 24262542
- High selenium impairs hepatic insulin sensitivity through opposite regulation of ROS.
- Wang X, Zhang W, Chen H, Liao N, Wang Z, Zhang X, Hai C.Author information Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.AbstractInsulin resistance is the hallmark of type 2 diabetes. As an essential trace element, selenium (Se) is recommended worldwide for supplementation to prevent Se-deficient pathological conditions, including diabetes and insulin resistance. However, recent evidence has shown that supra-nutritional Se intake is positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes. In the present research, we examined the effect of high Se on insulin sensitivity, and studied possible mechanisms in rats and in rat hepatocytes. Insulin sensitivity and glucose/lipid metabolism were determined by glucose/insulin tolerance test, western blot, immunofluorescence, specific probes and other biochemical assays. We show that high Se activates selenoproteins, including glutathione peroxidase and selenoprotein P, and depletes chromium, leading to a common metabolic intersection-lipolysis in adipose tissue and influx of fatty acids in liver. Fatty acid β-oxidation generates acetyl-CoA, which is metabolized in trichloroacetic acid cycle, supplying excessive electrons for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and leading to increased "bad" reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mitochondria and final disturbance of insulin signaling. Furthermore, high Se-activated selenoproteins also weaken insulin-stimulated "good" ROS signal generated by NAD(P)H oxidase, leading to attenuation of insulin signaling. Taken together, these data suggest that excessive intake of Se induces hepatic insulin resistance through opposite regulation of ROS.
- Toxicology letters.Toxicol Lett.2014 Jan 3;224(1):16-23. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
- Insulin resistance is the hallmark of type 2 diabetes. As an essential trace element, selenium (Se) is recommended worldwide for supplementation to prevent Se-deficient pathological conditions, including diabetes and insulin resistance. However, recent evidence has shown that supra-nutritional Se in
- PMID 24140496
- A holistic approach to study the effects of natural antioxidants on inflammation and liver cancer.
- Costantini S, Colonna G, Castello G.Author information Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione Giovanni Pascale-IRCCS-Italia, Via Ammiraglio Bianco, 83013, Mercogliano, AV, Italy, susan.costantini@unina2.it.AbstractThe limited effectiveness of chemotherapy and the high recurrence rate of cancers highlight the urgent need to identify new molecular targets and to develop new treatments. Numerous epidemiological studies have recently highlighted the existence of an inverse association between fruit and vegetable consumption, natural antioxidants, and cancer risk; in fact, antioxidant intake through diet or supplements of plant origin is strongly recommended for cancer prevention and cure. In general, antioxidants are substances of vegetable, mineral, or animal origin that neutralize free radicals and protect the body from their negative actions on the plasma membrane, proteins, and DNA. Hence, cancer can be prevented by the stimulation of the immune system to destroy cancer cells or to block their proliferation. Since living organisms may be studied as a whole complex system by the "omics sciences" which tend toward understanding and describing the global information of genes, mRNA, proteins, and metabolites, our aim is to use bioinformatics and systems biology to study cytokinome, which plays an important role in the evolution of inflammatory processes and is also a key component in the evolution of cancer, a disease recognized as depending on chronic inflammation and also with the concomitant presence of type 2 diabetes and obesity. On the whole, we define cytokinome as the totality of these proteins and their interactions in and around biological cells. Understanding the complex interaction network of cytokines in patients affected by cancers should be very useful both to follow the evolution of cancer from its early stages and to define innovative therapeutic strategies by using systems biology approaches. In this paper, we review some results of our group in the light of the "omics" logic, and in particular (1) the need for a global approach to study complex systems such as multifactorial cancer and, in particular, hepatocellular carcinoma, (2) the correlation between natural antioxidants, inflammation, and liver cancer, (3) the challenge and significance of the cytokinome profile, (4) the evaluation of the cytokinome profile of patients with type 2 diabetes and/or chronic hepatitis C infection, and (5) adipokine interactome.
- Cancer treatment and research.Cancer Treat Res.2014;159:311-23. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-38007-5_18.
- The limited effectiveness of chemotherapy and the high recurrence rate of cancers highlight the urgent need to identify new molecular targets and to develop new treatments. Numerous epidemiological studies have recently highlighted the existence of an inverse association between fruit and vegetable
- PMID 24114488
Japanese Journal
- Association between the Frequency of Meals Combining "Shushoku, Shusai, and Hukusai" (Staple Food, Main Dish, and Side Dish) and Intake of Nutrients and Food Groups among Japanese Young Adults Aged 18-24 Years: a Cross-Sectional Study
- , ,
- Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 61(1), 55-63, 2015
- … The recommended meal in Japan is a combination of "Shushoku," "Shusai," and "Hukusai"; … however, it remains unclear whether there is an association between the frequency of these meals and intake of nutrients and food groups. … This cross-sectional study examined the association between the frequency of meals combining "Shushoku, Shusai, and Hukusai" and intake of nutrients and food groups among 664 Japanese young adults aged 18-24 y. …
- NAID 130005070835
- 食道内腔からの穿刺による局所麻酔下での新しい二期的ボイスプロステーゼ挿入法
- 福原 隆宏,藤原 和典,三宅 成智,片岡 英幸,北野 博也
- 頭頸部癌 41(1), 83-89, 2015
- 無喉頭患者の代替音声の一つであるボイスプロステーゼの挿入は，二期的挿入は合併症の危険が大きいとされ，一期的挿入が推奨されている。しかし，二期的挿入が必要な患者も多く，簡易な二期的挿入法の開発が求められていた。われわれが報告した局所麻酔下での新しいボイスプロステーゼ挿入法（Fukuhara Method；福原法）は，これまでの二期的挿入法の欠点を克服し，誤穿刺の危険を排除した。本手法により2011年 …
- NAID 130005070007
- Cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 CLA Mixture does not Change Body Composition, Induces Insulin Resistance and Increases Serum HDL Cholesterol Level in Rats
- , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Journal of Oleo Science 64(5), 539-551, 2015
- … HF-CLA diet had no effect on dietary intake and body composition. … Despite HF-CLA-fed rats had increased serum HDL cholesterol levels, caution should be taken before synthetic supplements containing cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 CLA are recommended as a nutritional strategy for weight management. …
- NAID 130005067207
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「requirement」「所要量」「recommended allowance」 |
| 関連記事 | 「recommend」「intake」 |
「requirement」
- n.
- 関
- ask for、call、claim、demand、desire、essential、fundamental、necessary、necessity、need、order、prerequisite、recommended allowance、recommended intake、request、require
「所要量」
「recommended allowance」
「recommend」
- 推奨する、推薦する、勧告する、勧める
「intake」