WordNet

set forth beforehand, often as an explanation; "He premised these remarks so that his readers might understand"
a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn; "on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play" (同)premiss, assumption
take something as preexisting and given (同)premiss
think logically; "The children must learn to reason"
a rational motive for a belief or action; "the reason that war was declared"; "the grounds for their declaration" (同)ground
the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination; "we are told that man is endowed with reason and capable of distinguishing good from evil" (同)understanding, intellect
a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion; "there is reason to believe he is lying"
an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon; "the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly"
decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion; "We reasoned that it was cheaper to rent than to buy a house" (同)reason out, conclude
the act of taking possession of or power over something; "his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba"; "the Nazi assumption of power in 1934"; "he acquired all the companys assets for ten million dollars and the assumption of the companys debts" (同)laying claim
the act of assuming or taking for granted; "your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted"
a hypothesis that is taken for granted; "any society is built upon certain assumptions" (同)supposition, supposal
constitute reasonable evidence for; "A restaurant bill presumes the consumption of food"
take liberties or act with too much confidence
take as a given; assume as a postulate or axiom; "He posited three basic laws of nature" (同)posit
(logic) a proposition that is accepted as true in order to provide a basis for logical reasoning (同)posit
a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena; "a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory"; "he proposed a fresh theory (同)possibility, theory
a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations
the premise of a syllogism that contains the minor term (which is the subject of the conclusion) (同)minor premiss, subsumption
the premise of a syllogism that contains the major term (which is the predicate of the conclusion) (同)major premiss
land and the buildings on it; "bread is baked on the premises"; "the were evicted from the premises"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(推理を行う上で結論の根拠となる)『前提』;(…という)根拠《+『that節』》 / 《the premises》前述の事項,前述の物件 / 《複数形で》家屋敷,土地建物;敷地,構内 / …‘を'前置きとして(あらかじめ)述べる;…ということを前提とする《+『that節』》
〈C〉〈U〉『理由』,わけ,根拠 / 〈U〉『理性』,判断力;道理 / 『論理的に孝える』 / (人に)道理を悟らせる《+『with』+『名』〈人〉》 / …‘を'論理的に孝える《+『out』+『名,』+『名』+『out』》 / 《『reason』+『that節』》…‘と'推論する / 〈人〉‘に'道理を悟らせて(…)させる(しないようにする)《+『名』+『into』(『out of』+『名』(do『ing』)》
(任務などを)引き受けること《+『of』+『名』》 / (権力・権利などの)専有,横領《+『of』+『名』》 / (態度などの)でしゃばり,おうへい / 仮定,想定;仮説 / 《the A-》聖母マリアの被昇天;聖母被昇天祭(8月15日)
…‘を'推定する,仮定する / 《『presume to』 do》『思い切って』『する』,大胆(生意気)にも…する(dare) / 思いあがった(生意気な,大胆な)ことをする / (…に)つけ入る,つけ込む,甘える《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》
(自明のこととして)…‘を'仮定する;…‘だと'仮定する《+『that節』》 / (推論の基礎となる)仮説,仮定;(数学の)公理
仮説,仮定,前提

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/15 22:30:06」(JST)

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A premise or premiss^[a] is a statement that an argument claims will induce or justify a conclusion.^[3] In other words: a premise is an assumption that something is true. In logic, an argument requires a set of (at least) two declarative sentences (or "propositions") known as the premises or premisses along with another declarative sentence (or "proposition") known as the conclusion. This structure of two premises and one conclusion forms the basic argumentative structure. More complex arguments can use a series of rules to connect several premises to one conclusion, or to derive a number of conclusions from the original premises which then act as premises for additional conclusions. An example of this is the use of the rules of inference found within symbolic logic.

Aristotle held that any logical argument could be reduced to two premises and a conclusion.^[4] Premises are sometimes left unstated in which case they are called missing premises, for example:

Socrates is mortal because all men are mortal.

It is evident that a tacitly understood claim is that Socrates is a man. The fully expressed reasoning is thus:

Because all men are mortal and Socrates is a man, Socrates is mortal.

In this example, the independent clauses preceding the comma (namely, "all men are mortal" and "Socrates is a man") are the premises, while "Socrates is mortal" is the conclusion.

The proof of a conclusion depends on both the truth of the premises and the validity of the argument.

Notes

^ In logic, premise and premiss are regarded as variant spellings of the same word, premise being the more common spelling.^[1] Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914) argued that premise and premiss are two distinct words, writing "As to the word premiss,—in Latin of the thirteenth Century praemissa,—owing to its being so often use in the plural, it has become widely confounded with a totally different word of legal provenance, the 'premises,' that is, the items of an inventory, etc., and hence buildings enumerated in a deed or lease. It is entirely contrary to good English usage to spell premiss, 'premise,' and this spelling...simply betrays ignorance of the history of logic."^[2]

References

^ Room, Adrian, ed. (2000). Dictionary of Confusable Words. New York, NY: Routledge. p. 177. ISBN 9781579582715. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
^ Peirce Edition Project, ed. (1998). The Essential Peirce: Selected Philosophical Writings 2. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. p. 294. ISBN 9780253211903. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
^ "Argument: a sequence of statements such that some of them (the premises) purport to give reasons to accept another of them, the conclusion" : The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, 2nd Edition (Cambridge University Press), editor Robert Audi, 43.
^ p216, Jan Gullberg, Mathematics from the birth of numbers, W. W. Norton & Company; ISBN 0-393-04002-X ISBN 978-0393040029

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