WordNet

let eat; "range the animals in the prairie"
a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds; "the army maintains a missile range in the desert"; "any good golf club will have a range where you can practice"
a series of hills or mountains; "the valley was between two ranges of hills"; "the plains lay just beyond the mountain range" (同)mountain_range, range of mountains, chain, mountain_chain, chain of mountains
the limits within which something can be effective; "range of motion"; "he was beyond the reach of their fire" (同)reach
a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze; "they used to drive the cattle across the open range every spring"; "he dreamed of a home on the range"
a variety of different things or activities; "he answered a range of questions"; "he was impressed by the range and diversity of the collection"
lay out orderly or logically in a line or as if in a line; "lay out the clothes"; "lay out the arguments" (同)array, lay_out, set out
change or be different within limits; "Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion"; "Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent"; "The instruments ranged from tuba to cymbals"; "My students range from very bright to dull" (同)run
range or extend over; occupy a certain area; "The plants straddle the entire state" (同)straddle
have a range; be capable of projecting over a certain distance, as of a gun; "This gun ranges over two miles"
do physical exercise; "She works out in the gym every day" (同)work_out
give a workout to; "Some parents exercise their infants"; "My personal trainer works me hard"; "work ones muscles"; "this puzzle will exercise your mind" (同)work, work_out
a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding; "you must work the examples at the end of each chapter in the textbook" (同)example
the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit; "the doctor recommended regular exercise"; "he did some exercising"; "the physical exertion required by his work kept him fit" (同)exercising, physical exercise, physical exertion, workout
systematic training by multiple repetitions; "practice makes perfect" (同)practice, drill, practice session, recitation
(usually plural) a ceremony that involves processions and speeches; "academic exercises"
a state of change; "they were in a state of steady motion"
the act of changing location from one place to another; "police controlled the motion of the crowd"; "the movement of people from the farms to the cities"; "his move put him directly in my path" (同)movement, move
a change of position that does not entail a change of location; "the reflex motion of his eyebrows revealed his surprise"; "movement is a sign of life"; "an impatient move of his hand"; "gastrointestinal motility" (同)movement, move, motility
a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote; "he made a motion to adjourn"; "she called for the question" (同)question
expressing that the subject of the sentence is the patient of the action denoted by the verb; "academics seem to favor passive sentences"
lacking in energy or will; "Much benevolence of the passive order may be traced to a disinclination to inflict pain upon oneself"- George Meredith (同)inactive
peacefully resistant in response to injustice; "passive resistance" (同)peaceful

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉《時にa~》(価格・気温などの変動の)『幅』 / 〈U〉《時にa~》(知覚・知識などの)『範囲』,広がり / 〈U〉《時にa~》(銃砲・ミサイルなどの)着弾距離,射程 / 〈U〉《時a~》(航空機・船舶などの)航続距離 / 〈C〉(銃砲の)射撃場,(ミサイルナドの)試射場 / 〈C〉《米》放牧地域 / 〈C〉(山などの)列,連なり / 〈C〉(料理用の)レンジ / 〈U〉《しばしばa~》(動植物の)生息(分布)区域 / 《副詞句を伴って》(価格・気温などがある範囲内で)『変動する』,動く / (…を)さまよう,歩き回る,(…に)及ぶ《+『over』(『through』)+『名』》 / 一列(一直線)に延びている / (動植物が)分布している / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(ある状態に)…‘を'『並べて置く』,配列する,整列させる / …‘を'さまよう,歩き回る(受動態にできない) / 《米》〈家畜〉‘を'放牧地に入れる
〈U〉(身体の)『運動』;〈C〉体操 / 〈C〉(…の)『練習』,けいこ;練習問題《+『in』(『for』,『on』)+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉《the~》(精神力・能力などを)『働かせること』,(権力などの)行使《+『of』+『名』》 / 《しばしば複数形で》(軍の)演習;《米》式,式典 / 〈C〉礼拝,勤行 / 〈手足など,体の器官〉‘を'『働かせる』,動かす,訓練する / 〈人〉‘に'(…の)『訓練をさらる』,(…で)〈人〉‘を'鍛練する《+『名』〈人〉+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈精神力・能力など〉‘を'『働かせる』,〈権力など〉‘を'行使する / 《文》《受動態で》(…について)〈人〉‘を'悩ます,心配させる《+『名』〈人〉+『about』(『over』)+『名』》 / 練習する;運動する
〈U〉『動くこと,運動』,運行,移動 / 〈C〉『動作』;身ぶり,合図 / 〈C〉(議会などの)『動議』,提案;)法廷での)申請,申し立て / 《しばしば副詞[句]を伴って》〈人など〉‘に'『身振りで合図をする』 / 『身振りで合図する』:《『motion to(for)』+『名』+『to』 do・・・に・・・するよう身振りで合図する》
《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
『受動的な』,消極的な / 服従的な,言いなりになる / (文法で)受動態の,受身の / 《the~》受動態,受身の構文 / 動詞の受動形

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児および思春期における有酸素運動試験の概要 overview of aerobic exercise testing in children and adolescents
2. 運動負荷心電図検査：検査の実施および心電図の結果の解釈 exercise ecg testing performing the test and interpreting the ecg results
3. 心血管疾患の予防における運動およびフィットネス exercise and fitness in the prevention of cardiovascular disease
4. 緩和ケアにおける不安の概要 overview of anxiety in palliative care
5. 高齢者における身体活動および運動 physical activity and exercise in older adults

English Journal

The active and passive kinematic difference between primary reverse and total shoulder prostheses.

Alta TD1, de Toledo JM2, Veeger HE3, Janssen TW4, Willems WJ5.Author information 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center-Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: tdw.alta@gmail.com.2Physical Education School, Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.3MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Section of Biomechatronics and Biorobotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.4Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center-Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Clinic "de Lairesse", Amsterdam, The Netherlands.AbstractBACKGROUND: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) and total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) effectively decrease pain and improve clinical outcome. However, indications and biomechanical properties vary greatly. Our aim was to analyze both active and passive shoulder motion (thoracohumeral [TH], glenohumeral [GH], and scapulothoracic [ST]) and determine the kinematic differences between RSAs and TSAs.
Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery / American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons ... [et al.].J Shoulder Elbow Surg.2014 Apr 13. pii: S1058-2746(14)00085-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.01.040. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) and total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) effectively decrease pain and improve clinical outcome. However, indications and biomechanical properties vary greatly. Our aim was to analyze both active and passive shoulder motion (thoracohumeral [TH], glenohume
PMID 24739793

The differential effects of PNF versus passive stretch conditioning on neuromuscular performance.

Minshull C1, Eston R, Bailey A, Rees D, Gleeson N.Author information 1a School of Science & Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , UK.AbstractAbstract The effects of flexibility conditioning on neuromuscular and sensorimotor performance were assessed near to full knee extension (25°). Eighteen males who were randomly assigned into two groups underwent eight weeks (three-times per week) of flexibility conditioning (hip region/knee flexor musculature; dominant limb) involving either proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) (n=9) or passive stretching (PASS) (n=9). Both modes of flexibility conditioning are popular within contemporary exercise and clinical settings and have demonstrated efficacy in improving range of motion. The contralateral limb and a prior 'no exercise' condition were used as controls. The PNF and PASS modes of conditioning improved passive hip flexibility to a similar extent (mean 19.3% vs. baseline, intervention limb, p<0.01) but did not alter knee flexor strength (overall mean 309.6±81 N) or sensorimotor performance (force and positional errors: 2.3±8.2% and 0.48±7.1%). Voluntary and magnetically evoked electromechanical delays (EMDV and EMDE, respectively) were increased but to a greater extent following PASS compared to PNF (PASS: 10.8% and 16.9% lengthening of EMDV and EMDE, respectively vs. PNF: 3.2% and 6.2%, p<0.01).The attenuated change to electromechanical delay (EMD) performance during PNF conditioning suggests a preserved capability for rapid muscle activation, which is important in the maintenance of dynamic joint stability. That PNF was also equally efficacious in flexibility conditioning would suggest that this mode of flexibility training should be used over passive to help preserve dynamic joint stability capabilities at this extended and vulnerable joint position.
European journal of sport science.Eur J Sport Sci.2014 Apr;14(3):233-41. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2013.799716. Epub 2013 May 20.
Abstract The effects of flexibility conditioning on neuromuscular and sensorimotor performance were assessed near to full knee extension (25°). Eighteen males who were randomly assigned into two groups underwent eight weeks (three-times per week) of flexibility conditioning (hip region/knee flexor
PMID 23688197

The influence of age on the viscoelastic stretch response.

Sobolewski EJ1, Ryan ED, Thompson BJ, McHugh MP, Conchola EC.Author information 11Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; 2Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas; 3Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York; and 4Applied Musculoskeletal and Human Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma.AbstractSobolewski, EJ, Ryan, ED, Thompson, BJ, McHugh, MP, and Conchola, EC. The influence of age on the viscoelastic stretch response. J Strength Cond Res 28(4): 1106-1112, 2014-Passive stretching is commonly recommended to help reduce passive stiffness in older adults, yet their acute viscoelastic stretch responses are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of age on the acute viscoelastic responses to a practical stretching intervention. Twenty-two younger (24 ± 3 years) and 14 older (67 ± 3 years) males performed four 30-second passive stretches of the plantar flexors at a predetermined torque threshold. The absolute and relative change in stress relaxation (decline in torque during each 30-second stretch) and creep (increase in ankle joint angle across the 4 stretches) were recorded. Passive stiffness was calculated as the slope of the angle-torque curve at 10° angle of dorsiflexion. There were no differences for the absolute stress relaxation responses (p ≥ 0.118); however, the relative change in stress relaxation was greater (p = 0.010) for the younger vs. older men at stretch 1 (13.0 vs. 8.6%) and decreased across stretches for the younger men (stretch 1 > 3 and 4; p ≤ 0.018), whereas the older men demonstrated a similar relative change across all 4 stretches (p = 0.917). No age related differences were found for either the absolute or relative creep responses (p ≥ 0.072). Passive stiffness was also greater in the older men (p = 0.044). These results suggest that the younger men displayed a greater initial relative stress relaxation response that diminished across the repeated stretches, whereas the older men experienced a smaller relative response that remained constant across the four 30-second stretches. However, the increase in range of motion for a given stretch torque (creep) across all 4 stretches was similar between groups despite differences in passive stiffness.
Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association.J Strength Cond Res.2014 Apr;28(4):1106-12. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000326.
Sobolewski, EJ, Ryan, ED, Thompson, BJ, McHugh, MP, and Conchola, EC. The influence of age on the viscoelastic stretch response. J Strength Cond Res 28(4): 1106-1112, 2014-Passive stretching is commonly recommended to help reduce passive stiffness in older adults, yet their acute viscoelastic stretc
PMID 24276306

Japanese Journal

鏡視下腱板修復術後の腱板修復状態と可動域推移の関係

石田康行,帖佐悦男,矢野浩明,大田智美,中村志保子
肩関節 36(2), 511-514, 2012
… After rotator cuff repair, early range of motion (ROM) exercise is necessary for prevention of contracture. … On the other hand, rest and fixation is important for the healing of the repaired cuff. … We reviewed the relationship between the cuff integrity and the transition of ROM after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). Methods: …
NAID 130002103725

鎖骨遠位端骨折に対する Clavicle Hook Plate ® の治療成績

大羽宏樹,深谷泰士
肩関節 36(3), 893-895, 2012
… The operative treatment for distal clavicle fracture using Clavicle Hook Plate (CHP) has been reported to be promising in the literature, however, controversy regarding the restriction in shoulder elevation till the removal of implant still exists in fact. … In this study we assessed the postoperative outcome of surgical treatment with CHP for distal clavicle fracture. Methods: …
NAID 130002103557