WordNet

any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
relating to the lower jaw (同)inframaxillary
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/09/27 17:22:41」(JST)

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The mandibular nerve (V₃) is the largest of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth cranial nerve (CN V).

Structure

The large sensory root emerges from the lateral part of the trigeminal ganglion and exits the cranial cavity through the foramen ovale. The small motor root of the trigeminal nerve passes under the ganglion and through the foramen ovale to unite with the sensory root just outside the skull.

The mandibular nerve immediately passes between tensor veli palatini, which is medial, and lateral pterygoid, which is lateral, and gives off a meningeal branch (nervus spinosus) and the nerve to medial pterygoid from its medial side. The nerve then divides into a small anterior and large posterior trunk.

The anterior division gives off branches to the four main muscles of mastication and a buccal branch which is sensory to the cheek. The posterior division gives off three main sensory branches, the auriculotemporal, lingual and inferior alveolar nerves and motor fibres to supply mylohyoid and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.

Branches

The mandibular nerve gives off the following branches:

From the main trunk of the nerve (before the division)
- muscular branches, which are efferent nerves for the medial pterygoid, tensor tympani, and tensor veli palatini muscles (motor)^[1]
- meningeal branch (a sensory nerve)
From the anterior division
- masseteric nerve(motor)
- deep temporal nerves, anterior and posterior (motor)
- buccal nerve (a sensory nerve)
- lateral pterygoid nerve (motor)
From the posterior division
- auriculotemporal nerve (a sensory nerve)
- lingual nerve (a sensory nerve)
- inferior alveolar nerve (a motor nerve and a sensory nerve - gives off the nerve to mylohyoid (a motor nerve, also supplies the anterior belly of digastric))

Supplies

The mandibular nerve innervates:

Anterior Division:

(Motor Innervation - Muscles of mastication)

Masseteric nerve
- Masseter
Medial pterygoid nerve
- Medial Pterygoid
- Tensor Tympani
- Tensor Veli Palatini Nerve
  - Tensor Veli Palatini
Lateral pterygoid nerve
- Lateral pterygoid
Deep temporal nerve
- Temporalis

(Sensory Innervation)

Buccal nerve
- Inside of the Cheek (buccal mucosa)

Posterior Division

Lingual Split
(Sensory Innervation - NOT Taste)

Anterior 2/3 of Tongue (mucous membrane)

Inferior Alveolar Split
(Motor Innervation)

Mylohyoid
Digastric (Anterior Belly)

(Sensory Innervation)

Teeth and Mucoperiosteum of mandibular teeth
Chin and Lower Lip

Auriculotemporal Split

Scalp (auricula / temporal region)

Additional images

Dermatome distribution of the trigeminal nerve
The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck.
Mandibular nerve
Mandibular nerve

References

^ Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 181

External links

MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cnb3.htm
Anatomy figure: 27:03-02 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Sphenoid sinus types, dimensions and relationship with surrounding structures.

Štoković N1, Trkulja V2, Dumić-Čule I1, Čuković-Bagić I3, Lauc T4, Vukičević S1, Grgurević L5.
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft.Ann Anat.2016 Jan;203:69-76. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2015.02.013. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
The human sphenoid sinus is an extremely variable cavity and an important landmark in hypophyseal surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sphenoid sinus type, size, extent of pneumatization and occurrence of protrusions of the adjacent neurovascular structures.
PMID 25843780

Complex cellular responses to tooth wear in rodent molar.

Mahdee A1, Alhelal A2, Eastham J3, Whitworth J4, Gillespie JI5.
Archives of oral biology.Arch Oral Biol.2016 Jan;61:106-14. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.10.004. Epub 2015 Oct 17.
The arrangement and roles of the odontoblast and its process in sensing and responding to injuries such as tooth wear are incompletely understood. Evidence is presented that dentine exposure by tooth wear triggers structural and functional changes that aim to maintain tooth integrity. Mandibular fir
PMID 26547699

Neurosensoric disturbances after surgical removal of the lower third molar based on either panoramic imaging or cone beam CT scanning (CBCT). A randomized controlled trial.

Petersen LB1, Vaeth M2, Wenzel A1.
Dento maxillo facial radiology.Dentomaxillofac Radiol.2015 Dec 9:20150224. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVES: Presurgical CBCT examination has been suggested before removal of the mandibular third molar. Currently, the standard-of-care is 2D panoramic imaging. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to analyze possible differences in neurosensoric disturbances of the inferior alveolar ne
PMID 26648386

Japanese Journal

耳下腺手術後の口唇運動麻痺の多様性と顔面神経下顎辺縁枝傷害の関係について

頭頸部外科 26(3), 363-366, 2017
NAID 130005438787

耳下腺脱分化癌例

耳鼻咽喉科臨床 110(3), 219-223, 2017
NAID 130005397793

顔面神経刺激装置を用いて摘出した第一鰓裂性瘻孔例

耳鼻咽喉科臨床 110(3), 195-201, 2017
NAID 130005397790

「下顎神経」

Mandibular nerve
	Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
	Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve, seen from the middle line. The small figure is an enlarged view of the otic ganglion.
Details
From	Trigeminal nerve
Identifiers
Latin	Nervus mandibularis
MeSH	A08.800.800.120.760.500
Dorlands; /Elsevier	n_05/12566125
TA	A14.2.01.064
FMA	52996
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]