WordNet

cause emotional anguish or make miserable; "It pains me to see my children not being taught well in school" (同)anguish, hurt
a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder; "the patient developed severe pain and distension" (同)hurting
a bothersome annoying person; "that kid is a terrible pain" (同)pain in the neck, nuisance
a somatic sensation of acute discomfort; "as the intensity increased the sensation changed from tickle to pain" (同)pain_sensation, painful sensation
emotional distress; a fundamental feeling that people try to avoid; "the pain of loneliness" (同)painfulness
work hard; "She was digging away at her math homework"; "Lexicographers drudge all day long" (同)labour, toil, fag, travail, grind, drudge, dig, moil
undergo the efforts of childbirth (同)labour
productive work (especially physical work done for wages); "his labor did not require a great deal of skill" (同)labour, toil
a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages; "there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field" (同)labour, working_class, proletariat
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research (同)laboratory, research lab, research laboratory, science lab, science laboratory
lacking natural ease; "a labored style of debating" (同)laboured, strained

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉〈U〉(肉体のある部分の)『苦痛』,『痛み』 / 〈U〉(精神的な)『苦痛』,心痛 / 《複数形で》骨折り,苦労,努力 / 〈C〉不快感,いやな感じ;うんざりさせるもの,やっかい者 / (肉体的・精神的に)…‘に'苦痛を与える(受動態にできない)
実験室(laboratory)

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Pregnancy outcomes in severe polyhydramnios: no increase in risk in patients needing amnioreduction for maternal pain or respiratory distress.

Kleine RT1, Bernardes LS1, Carvalho MA1, de Carvalho MH1, Krebs VL2, Francisco RP1.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2016 Dec;29(24):4031-4. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2016.1153060. Epub 2016 Mar 7.
INTRODUCTION: Polyhydramnios is a common complication of fetal malformations and has been described to have high risk of pregnancy complications such as prematurity and placental abruption. In a subgroup of women severe polyhydramnios may lead to maternal dyspnea or untreatable pain, and amnioreduct
PMID 26948899

Transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block for the treatment of postdural puncture headache in obstetric patients.

Kent S1, Mehaffey G2.
Journal of clinical anesthesia.J Clin Anesth.2016 Nov;34:194-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 May 11.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate a possible alternative treatment for postdural puncture headache (PDPH).DESIGN: Postdural puncture headache is a common complication associated with neuraxial anesthesia and unintentional dural puncture. Epidural blood patch (EBP) is the standard therapy for PDPH but
PMID 27687372

May pre-procedure neuroaxial ultrasound improve the identification of potential epidural space when compared with anatomical landmarks? A prospective randomized study.

Perna P1, Gioia A, Ragazzi R, Volta CA, Innamorato M.
Minerva anestesiologica.Minerva Anestesiol.2016 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Regional epidural analgesia is considered the gold standard for pain treatment in labour but the epidural catheter placement may be a difficult procedure because of the difficulty in anatomical landmarks palpation. These difficulties increase in pregnant women. Pre-procedure neuroaxial u
PMID 27701372

中山毅
The Journal of The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine 77(3), 250-256, 2014
入浴習慣は国や文化により大きく異なるが、一方で時代による変遷もあり、近年ではシャワー浴が普及する等の変化が現れている。そこで、現代の妊婦の入浴習慣について調査すると同時に、妊娠経過に及ぼす影響につき検討した。<BR> 2011年4月1日より2012年2月29日までに当院で出産をし、1ヶ月健診をおこなった褥婦204名を対象とし、無記名アンケートを実施した。アンケートは、入浴習慣、温 …
NAID 130004698907

G10M.188