グロブリン
WordNet
- a family of proteins found in blood and milk and muscle and in plant seed
PrepTutorEJDIC
- グロブリン(動植物組織内の純蛋白(たんぱく)質の総称)
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/26 05:30:55」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Not to be confused with globin or globular protein.
The globulins are a family of globular proteins that have higher molecular weights than albumins and are insoluble in pure water but soluble in dilute salt solutions. Some globulins are produced in the liver, while others are made by the immune system. Globulins, albumin, and fibrinogen are the major blood proteins. The normal concentration of globulins in human blood is about 2.6-4.6 g/dL.
The term "globulin" is sometimes used synonymously with "globular protein". However, albumins are also globular proteins, but are not globulins. All other serum globular proteins are globulins.
Contents
- 1 Types of globulins
- 2 Sizes
- 3 Nonhuman globulins
- 4 Pseudoglobulins and euglobulins
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Types of globulins
All globulins fall into one of the following four categories:
- Alpha 1 globulins
- Alpha 2 globulins
- Beta globulins
- Gamma globulins (one group of gamma globulins are the immunoglobulins, which are also known as "antibodies")
Globulins can be distinguished from one another using serum protein electrophoresis.
Reference ranges for blood tests, comparing blood content of globulins (shown in purple at right) with other constituents.
Sizes
Globulins exist in various sizes. The lightest globulins are the alpha globulins, which typically have molecular weights of around 92.9485 kDa, while the heaviest class of globulins are the gamma globulins, which typically weigh about 1192.846 kDa. Being the heaviest, the gamma globulins are among the slowest to segregate in gél electrophoresis. Since they are immunologically active, they are also called "immunoglobulins".
Nonhuman globulins
Crystal structure of a pumpkin seed globulin
Globulin proteins exist not only in other animal species, but also in plants. Vicilin and legumin, from peas and other legumes, function as protein storage within seeds. These proteins can cause allergic reactions if they bind with human IgE antibodies.[1]
Pseudoglobulins and euglobulins
Pseudoglobulins are a class of globulins that are more soluble in ammonium sulfate than euglobulins. Pseudoglobulins are also soluble in pure water, while euglobulins are not.[2]
References
- ^ SanchMonge, R.; Lopez-Torrejón, G.; Pascual, C. Y.; Varela, J.; Martin-Esteban, M.; Salcedo, G. (12 November 2004). "Vicilin and convicilin are potential major allergens from pea". Clinical & Experimental Allergy 34 (11): 1747–1753. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02085.x.
- ^ Harris, T; Eagle (1935). "THE IMMUNOLOGICAL SPECIFICITY OF THE EUGLOBULIN AND PSEUDOGLOBULIN FRACTIONS OF HORSE AND HUMAN SERUM". J Gen Physiol 19 (2): 383–396. doi:10.1085/jgp.19.2.383. PMC 2141424. PMID 19872935.
External links
- Cornell
- Globulins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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Proteins
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| Processes |
- Protein biosynthesis
- Post-translational modification
- Protein folding
- Protein targeting
- Proteome
- Protein methods
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| Structures |
- Protein structure
- Protein structural domains
- Proteasome
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| Types |
- List of types of proteins
- List of proteins
- Membrane protein
- Globular protein
- Fibrous protein
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Proteins: key methods of study
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| Experimental |
- Protein purification
- Green fluorescent protein
- Western blot
- Protein immunostaining
- Protein sequencing
- Gel electrophoresis/Protein electrophoresis
- Protein immunoprecipitation
- Peptide mass fingerprinting/Protein mass spectrometry
- Dual-polarization interferometry
- Microscale thermophoresis
- Chromatin immunoprecipitation
- Surface plasmon resonance
- Isothermal titration calorimetry
- X-ray crystallography
- Protein NMR
- Cryo-electron microscopy
- Freeze-fracture electron microscopy
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| Bioinformatics |
- Protein structure prediction
- Protein–protein docking
- Protein structural alignment
- Protein ontology
- Protein–protein interaction prediction
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| Assay |
- Enzyme assay
- Protein assay
- Secretion assay
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| Display techniques |
- Bacterial display
- mRNA display
- Phage display
- Ribosome display
- Yeast display
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| Super-resolution microscopy |
- Photoactivated localization microscopy
- Vertico SMI
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Proteins: Globular proteins
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| Serum globulins |
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Alpha globulins
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serpins:
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- alpha-1 (Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, Alpha 1-antitrypsin)
- alpha-2 (Alpha 2-antiplasmin)
- Antithrombin (Heparin cofactor II)
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carrier proteins:
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- alpha-1 (Transcortin)
- alpha-2 (Ceruloplasmin)
- Retinol binding protein
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other:
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- alpha-1 (Orosomucoid)
- alpha-2 (alpha-2-Macroglobulin, Haptoglobin)
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Beta globulins
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carrier proteins:
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- Sex hormone-binding globulin
- Transferrin
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other:
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- Angiostatin
- Hemopexin
- Beta-2 microglobulin
- Factor H
- Plasminogen
- Properdin
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Gamma globulin
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Other
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- Fibronectin (fFN: Fetal fibronectin)
- Macroglobulin/Microglobulin
- Transcobalamin
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| Other globulins |
- Beta-lactoglobulin
- Thyroglobulin
- Alpha-lactalbumin
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| Albumins |
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Egg white
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- Conalbumin
- Ovalbumin
- Avidin
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Serum albumin
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- Human serum albumin
- Bovine serum albumin
- Prealbumin
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Other
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- C-reactive protein
- Lactalbumin (Alpha-lactalbumin)
- Parvalbumin
- Ricin
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- see also disorders of globin and globulin proteins
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Purification and biochemical characterization of 11S globulin from chan (Hyptis suaveolens L. Poit) seeds.
- Bojórquez-Velázquez E1, Lino-López GJ2, Huerta-Ocampo JA3, Barrera-Pacheco A3, Barba de la Rosa AP3, Moreno A4, Mancilla-Margalli NA5, Osuna-Castro JA6.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Feb 1;192:203-11. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.099. Epub 2015 Jun 30.
- Chan (Hyptis suaveolens) is a Mesoamerican crop highly appreciated since the pre-Hispanic cultures. Its proteins are a good source of essential amino acids; however, there are no reports on the properties of its individual proteins. In this study, the 11S globulin (Hs11S) was purified and biochemica
- PMID 26304339
- Isolation and identification of antioxidant peptides from enzymatically hydrolyzed rice bran protein.
- Wattanasiritham L1, Theerakulkait C2, Wickramasekara S3, Maier CS3, Stevens JF4.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Feb 1;192:156-62. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.057. Epub 2015 Jun 19.
- Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice bran protein (RBP) was fractionated into albumin (12.5%), globulin (13.9%), glutelin (70.8%) and prolamine (2.9%). The native and denatured RBP fractions were hydrolyzed with papain and trypsin for 3h at optimum conditions. The RBP fractions and their hydrolysates were evalua
- PMID 26304333
- Unique effects on hepatic function, lipid metabolism, bone and growth endocrine parameters of estetrol in combined oral contraceptives.
- Mawet M1, Maillard C1, Klipping C2, Zimmerman Y3, Foidart JM1,4, Coelingh Bennink HJ3.
- The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception.Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care.2015 Dec;20(6):463-75. doi: 10.3109/13625187.2015.1068934. Epub 2015 Jul 27.
- Objectives Estetrol (E4) is a natural estrogen produced by the human fetal liver. In combination with drospirenone (DRSP) or levonorgestrel (LNG), E4 blocks ovulation and has less effect on haemostatic biomarkers in comparison with ethinylestradiol (EE) combined with DRSP. This study evaluates the i
- PMID 26212489
Japanese Journal
- Deciphering antigen-responding antibody repertoires by using next-generation sequencing and confirming them through antibody-gene synthesis
- Biochemical and biophysical research communications 487(2), 300-306, 2017-05
- NAID 120006306134
- 第89回日本感染症学会学術講演会座長推薦論文 静注用人免疫グロブリン製剤が(1→3)-β-Dグルカン測定結果に及ぼす影響
- 感染症学雑誌 = The journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 91(1), 1-6, 2017-01
- NAID 40021083983
Related Links
- Globulin Levels Globulins are a group of proteins in the blood stream that help to regulate the function of the circulatory system. If the globulin level in the blood is abnormal it can led to health trouble. Then medications can be used to ...
- グロブリン グロブリン globulin 血清蛋白質の一つ。動植物の組織および体液中に広く存在している。弱酸性反応を呈し，アルブミンと異なって水には溶けず，希アルカリ性と中性の塩類溶液には溶ける。硫酸アンモニウムによる塩析法 ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- globulin (Z)
- 商
- ヴェノグロブリン、ガンマーグロブリン、ガンマガード、ガンマグロブリン、グロブリン、グロベニン、サイモグロブリン、サングロポール、ゼットブリン、テタノセーラ、テタノブリン、テタノブリンIH、ヒスタグロビン、ベニロン、ヘパトセーラ、ヘブスブリン、ヘブスブリンIH、ポリグロビン、乾燥HBグロブリン、乾燥はぶ抗毒素、乾燥まむし抗毒素、抗Dグロブリン、抗D人免疫グロブリン、抗HBs人免疫グロブリン、破傷風グロブリン
- 関
- アルブミン、フィブリノーゲン
機能 (PT.234)
- α1-グロブリン
- α2-グロブリン
- ビタミンやホルモンを運搬
- α2-グロブリンの一種であるハプトグロビンは溶血により生じたヘモグロビンを捕捉し、尿細管の閉塞を防ぐ
- βグロブリン
- γグロブリン
[★]
- 関
- apoE receptor、apolipoprotein E receptor、LDL-receptor related protein 1
[★]
- 関
- immunoglobulin kappa-chain
[★]
- 関
- Ig gene
[★]
抗胸腺細胞免疫グロブリン
[★]
高免疫グロブリンE症候群
[★]
- 関
- globule、globulus、spherule