クラス1受容体様チロシンホスファターゼ

WordNet

want to have; "Id like a beer now!"
a kind of person; "Well not see his like again"; "I cant tolerate people of his ilk" (同)ilk
a similar kind; "dogs, foxes, and the like", "we dont want the likes of you around here" (同)the like, the likes of
equal in amount or value; "like amounts"; "equivalent amounts"; "the same amount"; "gave one six blows and the other a like number"; "the same number" (同)same
resembling or similar; having the same or some of the same characteristics; often used in combination; "suits of like design"; "a limited circle of like minds"; "members of the cat family have like dispositions"; "as like as two peas in a pod"; "doglike devotion"; "a dreamlike quality" (同)similar
be fond of; "I like my nephews"
feel about or towards; consider, evaluate, or regard; "How did you like the Presidents speech last night?"
find enjoyable or agreeable; "I like jogging"; "She likes to read Russian novels"
elegance in dress or behavior; "she has a lot of class"
a collection of things sharing a common attribute; "there are two classes of detergents" (同)category, family
a league ranked by quality; "he played baseball in class D for two years"; "Princeton is in the NCAA Division 1-AA" (同)division
a body of students who are taught together; "early morning classes are always sleepy" (同)form, grade, course
people having the same social, economic, or educational status; "the working class"; "an emerging professional class" (同)stratum, social_class, socio-economic class
a body of students who graduate together; "the class of 97"; "she was in my year at Hoehandle High" (同)year
(biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more orders
any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
any of a group of enzymes that act as a catalyst in the hydrolysis of organic phosphates

PrepTutorEJDIC

…‘を'『好む』,‘が'好きである / 《しばしば否定文で,またwould,《英》shouldと共に用いて》…‘を'望む,…したい / 『好む』;望む / 《複数形で》好み,好きな事
(外観・性質などが)…『に似た』,のような / (やり方,程度などが)…『と同じように』 / …『らしい』,にふさわいし / 《おもに話》たとえば…のような / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(性質・外観などが)同じの,(数量が)等しい / 《補語にのみ用いて》似ている,そっくりで / たぶん,おそらく(probably) / (…に)似た人(物),(…と)同等の人(物),匹敵する人(物)《+『of』+『名』》 / …のように / あたかも…のように
〈C〉(何らかの類似性を持つ)(…の)『種類』,類(sort, kind)《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《集合的に》《単数扱い》『クラス』,学級,組 / 〈U〉〈C〉(クラス単位の)『授業』;授業時間 / 〈C〉《米》《集合的に》(主に高校・大学の)同期生 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》(同程度の教育・経済力・社会的地位などを持つ)『階級』,階層 / 〈C〉(交通機関などの)『等級』 / 〈C〉(英国の大学の)試験の合格等級 / 〈C〉綱(こう)(動植物の分類で門(phylum, division)と目(もく)(order)の間) / 〈U〉《話》(その人の社会的地位を高く見せる)風格 / …'を'(…の)部類に入れる《+『名』+『among』(『with』)+『名』》,(…として)…'を'分類する《+『名』+『as』+『名』》
蛋白(たんばく)質
=sense organ / 受信装置

UpToDate Contents

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1. 肥満細胞：表面受容体とシグナル伝達 mast cells surface receptors and signal transduction
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3. インスリン受容体の構造および機能 structure and function of the insulin receptor
4. インスリン様成長因子 Iの生理学 physiology of insulin like growth factor i
5. 進行消化管間質腫瘍に対するチロシンキナーゼ阻害剤療法 tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors

English Journal

Autoimmunity against INS-IGF2 protein expressed in human pancreatic islets.

Kanatsuna N, Taneera J, Vaziri-Sani F, Wierup N, Larsson HE, Delli A, Skärstrand H, Balhuizen A, Bennet H, Steiner DF, Törn C, Fex M, Lernmark Å.Author information From the Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital SUS, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden and.AbstractInsulin is a major autoantigen in islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes. It has been suggested that the insulin B-chain may be critical to insulin autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. INS-IGF2 consists of the preproinsulin signal peptide, the insulin B-chain, and eight amino acids of the C-peptide in addition to 138 amino acids from the IGF2 gene. We aimed to determine the expression of INS-IGF2 in human pancreatic islets and autoantibodies in newly diagnosed children with type 1 diabetes and controls. INS-IGF2, expressed primarily in beta cells, showed higher levels of expression in islets from normal compared with donors with either type 2 diabetes (p = 0.006) or high HbA1c levels (p < 0.001). INS-IGF2 autoantibody levels were increased in newly diagnosed patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 304) compared with healthy controls (n = 355; p < 0.001). Displacement with cold insulin and INS-IGF2 revealed that more patients than controls had doubly reactive insulin-INS-IGF2 autoantibodies. These data suggest that INS-IGF2, which contains the preproinsulin signal peptide, the B-chain, and eight amino acids of the C-peptide may be an autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. INS-IGF2 and insulin may share autoantibody-binding sites, thus complicating the notion that insulin is the primary autoantigen in type 1 diabetes.
The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2013 Oct 4;288(40):29013-23. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.478222. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
Insulin is a major autoantigen in islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes. It has been suggested that the insulin B-chain may be critical to insulin autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. INS-IGF2 consists of the preproinsulin signal peptide, the insulin B-chain, and eight amino acids of the
PMID 23935095

Leukocytes talking to VE-cadherin.

Ley K.
Blood.Blood.2013 Oct 3;122(14):2300-1. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-08-519918.
PMID 24092927

How T cells trigger the dissociation of the endothelial receptor phosphatase VE-PTP from VE-cadherin.

Vockel M, Vestweber D.Author information Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany.AbstractThe vascular endothelial (VE) receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) associates with VE-cadherin and supports endothelial cell contact integrity. This complex is rapidly dissociated by adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells or by vascular endothelial growth factor. We have shown recently that this dissociation is indeed required for the opening of endothelial cell contacts during leukocyte extravasation in vivo. The leukocyte receptor and signaling mechanism that stimulates VE-cadherin/VE-PTP dissociation are unknown. Here, we identify vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 as the relevant receptor for lymphocytes in this process. As signaling steps downstream of this receptor, we determined the activation of Rac1, the generation of reactive oxygen species by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and the activation of the redox-sensitive tyrosine kinase Pyk2 as essential for VE-cadherin/VE-PTP dissociation. These signaling steps are also required for the dissociation induced by VE growth factor. Searching for the molecular mechanism of complex dissociation, we found that a model substrate of VE-PTP represented by a tyrosine-phosphorylated peptide of Tie-2 dissociates VE-PTP from VE-cadherin when introduced with the help of a Tat peptide. We suggest that lymphocyte binding to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 triggers a signaling process that enables a VE-PTP substrate to dissociate VE-PTP from VE-cadherin, thereby facilitating efficient transmigration.
Blood.Blood.2013 Oct 3;122(14):2512-22. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-04-499228. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
The vascular endothelial (VE) receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) associates with VE-cadherin and supports endothelial cell contact integrity. This complex is rapidly dissociated by adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells or by vascular endothelial growth factor. We have shown recentl
PMID 23908467