WordNet
- a substance that exerts some force or effect
- a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission (同)factor, broker
- any agent or representative of a federal agency or bureau (同)federal agent
- a representative who acts on behalf of other persons or organizations
- an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect; "their research uncovered new disease agents"
- how long something has existed; "it was replaced because of its age"
- a time of life (usually defined in years) at which some particular qualification or power arises; "she was now of school age"; "tall for his eld" (同)eld
- begin to seem older; get older; "The death of his wife caused him to age fast"
- make older; "The death of his child aged him tremendously"
- a medicinal drug used to fight diseases (like malaria) that are caused by protozoa (同)antiprotozoal_drug
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『代理人』;周旋人 / 働き(作用)を起こすもの;作用物,薬剤 / (政府機関,特にFBI,CIAなどの)部員,機関員
- 〈U〉(一般に)『年齢』,寿命;〈C〉(個々の)『年齢』,年 / 〈U〉成年(おとなとしての資格・権利を得る年齢;通例18または21歳) / 〈U〉『老齢』;《集合的に》老人たち / 〈U〉(人生の)『一時期』;〈C〉世代(generation) / 〈U〉〈C〉《しばしばA-》(歴史上の)『時代』 / 〈C〉《話》長い間 / 年をとる,ふける;〈物が〉古くなる / 〈年〉'を'とらせる;〈物〉'を'古びさせる
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/12/22 16:02:14」(JST)
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Antiprotozoal agents (ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection.
Protozoans have little in common with each other (for example, Entamoeba histolytica, an unikont eukaryotic organism, is less closely related to Naegleria fowleri, a bikont eukaryotic organism, than it is to Homo sapiens, which belongs to the unikont phylogenetic group) and so agents effective against one pathogen may not be effective against another.
They can be grouped by mechanism[1] or by organism.[2] Recent papers have also proposed the use of viruses to treat infections caused by protozoa.[3][4]
Examples
- Eflornithine
- Furazolidone
- Melarsoprol
- Metronidazole
- Nifursemizone
- Nitazoxanide
- Ornidazole
- Paromomycin sulfate
- Pentamidine
- Pyrimethamine
- Tinidazole
References
- ^ Cynthia R. L. Webster (15 June 2001). Clinical pharmacology. Teton NewMedia. pp. 86–. ISBN 978-1-893441-37-8. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- ^ Anthony J. Trevor; Bertram G. Katzung; Susan B. Masters (11 December 2007). Katzung & Trevor's pharmacology: examination & board review. McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 435–. ISBN 978-0-07-148869-3. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- ^ Keen, E. C. (2013). "Beyond phage therapy: Virotherapy of protozoal diseases". Future Microbiology. 8 (7): 821–823. doi:10.2217/FMB.13.48.
- ^ Hyman, P.; Atterbury, R.; Barrow, P. (2013). "Fleas and smaller fleas: Virotherapy for parasite infections". Trends in Microbiology. 21 (5): 215–220. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2013.02.006. PMID 23540830.
Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – Chromalveolate antiparasitics (P01)
|
|
Alveo-
late |
Apicom-
plexa |
Conoidasida/
(Coccidiostats) |
Cryptosporidiosis |
- thiazolides (nitazoxanide)
|
|
Isosporiasis |
- trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole#
|
|
Toxoplasmosis |
- pyrimethamine
- sulfadiazine
|
|
|
Aconoidasida |
Malaria |
Individual
agents |
Hemozoin
inhibitors |
Aminoquinolines |
- (4-): amodiaquine#
- chloroquine#
- hydroxychloroquine#
- (8-): primaquine#
- pamaquine‡
- tafenoquine†
|
|
4-Methanolquinolines |
- mefloquine#
- quinine#
- quinidine
|
|
Other |
|
|
|
Antifolates |
DHFR inhibitors |
- biguanides
- chlorproguanil
- proguanil#
|
|
Sulfonamides |
|
|
Co-formulation |
- sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP)#
|
|
|
Sesquiterpene
lactones |
- artemether#
- artemisinin
- artemotil
- artesunate#
- dihydroartemisinin
|
|
Other |
- atovaquone (+ proguanil)
- tetracycline
- doxycycline#
- clindamycin
- mepacrine
- pyronaridine
- piperaquine
|
|
|
Combi-
nations |
Fixed-dose (co-formulated) ACTs |
- artemether/lumefantrine#
- arterolane/piperaquine
- artesunate/amodiaquine (ASAQ)
- artesunate/mefloquine (ASMQ)
- artesunate/pyronaridine
- dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine
|
|
Other combinations
(not co-formulated) |
- artesunate/mefloquine
- artesunate/SP
- quinine/clindamycin
- quinine/doxycycline
- quinine/tetracycline
|
|
|
|
Babesiosis |
|
|
|
|
Cilio-
phora |
- Balantidiasis: tetracycline
|
|
|
Hetero-
kont |
- Blastocystosis: metronidazole
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
|
Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – Excavata antiparasitics (P01)
|
|
Discicristata |
Trypanosomiasis
|
- African trypanosomiasis: ornithine (Eflornithine#)
- arsenical (Melarsoprol#)
- benzamidine (Pentamidine#)
- naphthalenesulfonate (Suramin#)
- nitroimidazole (Fexinidazole†)
Chagas disease: nitroimidazole (Benznidazole#)
|
|
Leishmaniasis
|
- macrolide (Amphotericin B#)
Pentavalent antimonials (Meglumine antimoniate#, Sodium stibogluconate)
- benzamidine (Pentamidine#)
- phosphorylcholine (Miltefosine)
- neomycin (Paromomycin)
|
|
PAM
|
- macrolide (Amphotericin B)
|
|
|
Trichozoa |
Giardiasis
|
- nitroimidazole (Metronidazole#, Tinidazole)
- benzimidazole (Albendazole)
- thiazolide (Nitazoxanide)
- nitrofuran (Furazolidone)
- aminoacridine (Quinacrine)
|
|
Trichomoniasis
|
- nitroimidazole (Carnidazole, Metronidazole#, Tinidazole)
|
|
Dientamoebiasis
|
- nitroimidazole (Metronidazole
- Secnidazole)
- oxyquinoline (Iodoquinol)
- tetracycline (Doxycycline)
- neomycin (Paromomycin)
|
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
|
Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – agents against amoebozoa/amebicide (P01)
|
|
Entamoeba |
Tissue amebicides
|
Nitroimidazole derivatives
|
- Metronidazole#
- Tinidazole
- Ornidazole
- Nimorazole
- Secnidazole
- Azanidazole
- Propenidazole
|
|
Other
|
- isoquinoline (Emetine/Dehydroemetine)
|
|
|
Luminal amebicides
|
Hydroxyquinoline derivatives
|
- Cl (Chlorquinaldol)
- Br (Tilbroquinol
- Broxyquinoline)
- I (Diiodohydroxyquinoline)
- I, Cl (Clioquinol)
|
|
Dichloroacetamide derivatives
|
- Diloxanide#
- Clefamide
- Etofamide
- Teclozan
|
|
Aminoglycoside
|
|
|
|
Other/ungrouped
|
- arsenic (Arsthinol
- Difetarsone
- Glycobiarsol)
- phenanthroline (Phanquinone)
- aminoacridine (Mepacrine)
- quinazoline (Trimetrexate)
- thiazole (Tenonitrozole)
- sesquiterpene (Fumagillin)
|
|
|
Acanthamoeba |
- Propamidine
- Chlorhexidine
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
|
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 抗原虫治療 antiprotozoal therapies
- 2. バベシア症の臨床症状、診断、治療、および予防 clinical manifestations diagnosis treatment and prevention of babesiosis
- 3. 前立腺癌の危険因子 risk factors for prostate cancer
- 4. 第二世代(非定型)抗精神病薬中毒 second generation atypical antipsychotic medication poisoning
- 5. 第一世代(定型)抗精神病剤中毒 first generation typical antipsychotic medication poisoning
English Journal
- Therapeutic elimination of the type 1 interferon receptor for treating psoriatic skin inflammation.
- Gui J1, Gober M2, Yang X2, Katlinski KV1, Marshall CM2, Sharma M2, Werth VP2, Baker DP3, Rui H4, Seykora JT2, Fuchs SY5.
- The Journal of investigative dermatology.J Invest Dermatol.2016 Jun 28. pii: S0022-202X(16)32075-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.608. [Epub ahead of print]
- Phototherapy with ultraviolet (UV) light is a standard treatment for psoriasis, yet the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects are not well understood. Studies in human and mouse keratinocytes and in the skin tissues from human patients and mice showed that UV treatment triggers ubiquitinatio
- PMID 27369778
- Synthesis and potent antiprotozoal activity of mono/di amidino 2-anilinobenzimidazoles versus Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
- Karaaslan C1, Kaiser M2, Brun R2, Göker H1.
- Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry.Bioorg Med Chem.2016 Jun 25. pii: S0968-0896(16)30470-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.047. [Epub ahead of print]
- A series of mono and dicationic new 2-anilinobenzimidazole carboxamidines were prepared in a four step process starting from 4-amino-3-nitrobenzonitrile and corresponding o-phenylenediamines. Their antiparasitic activity against Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiens
- PMID 27387356
- Justicidin B: A Promising Bioactive Lignan.
- Hemmati S1,2, Seradj H3.
- Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).Molecules.2016 Jun 23;21(7). pii: E820. doi: 10.3390/molecules21070820.
- Adverse effects and drug resistance to the current onchopharmacologicals have increased the demand for alternative novel therapeutics. We herein introduce justicidin B, an arylnaphthalen lignan isolated from different plant origins, especially Justicia, Phyllanthus, Haplophyllum and Linum species. T
- PMID 27347906
Japanese Journal
- Pharmacokinetics of Toltrazuril and Its Metabolites, Toltrazuril Sulfoxide and Toltrazuril Sufone, after a Single Oray Administration to P1gs
- Lim Jong-Hwan,Kim Myoung-Seok,Hwang Youn-Hwan [他],SONG In-Bae,PARK Byung-Kwon,YUN Hyo-In
- Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 72(8), 1085-1087, 2010
- … Toltrazuril (TZR) is a triazine-based antiprotozoal agent. …
- NAID 130000264249
- 三谷 美湖,高橋 保,森木 利昭,植田 庄介,一圓 美穂,根本 禎久,熊澤 秀雄
- 日本臨床細胞学会雑誌 42(1), 45-48, 2003-01-22
- NAID 110001222455
- A case of amebic liver abscess diagnosed by cytology.
- 三谷 美湖,高橋 保,森木 利昭,植田 庄介,一圓 美穂,根本 禎久,熊澤 秀雄
- 日本臨床細胞学会雑誌 42(1), 45-48, 2003
- … After medication with an antiprotozoal agent, a gray yellowish-colored aspirated material from the lesion was inspected by phase-contrast microscopy. …
- NAID 130003758933
Related Links
- antiprotozoal [an″te-, an″ti-pro-to-zo´al] destroying protozoa or checking their growth or reproduction. antiprotozoal agent. antiprotozoal /an·ti·pro·to·zo·al/ (-pro″tah-zo´'l) lethal to protozoa, or checking their growth or reproduction; also ...
- Antiprotozoal agent information including symptoms, causes, diseases, symptoms, treatments, and other medical and health issues. ... Introduction: Antiprotozoal agent Description of Antiprotozoal agent Antiprotozoal agent: Substances that are destructive to protozoans.
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 同
- antiprotozoal agent, antiprotozoal drug, antiprotozoan agent, antiprotozoan drug
商品
[★]
- 英
- antiprotozoal agent
- 関
- 原虫
[★]
- 代行者、代理人。代理業者
- 政府職員、官吏
- ある後位をする人、ある作用をするもの。動員、動力因、作用因。(文法)動作主。科学的変化を起こさせるもの、薬品、~剤。病原体
- 関
- agonist、agonistic、attorney、delegate、drug、etiologic agent、fomes、fomites、mediator、pathogen、pathogenic、pharmaceutical preparation、vector、vehicle
[★]
- 関
- aged、ageing、aging、year old