WordNet

(microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visible
color for microscopic study; "The laboratory worker dyed the specimen"
color with a liquid dye or tint; "Stain this table a beautiful walnut color"; "people knew how to stain glass a beautiful blue in the middle ages"
produce or leave stains; "Red wine stains the table cloth"
a soiled or discolored appearance; "the wine left a dark stain" (同)discoloration, discolouration
the 16th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)p
marked or dyed or discolored with foreign matter; "a badly stained tablecloth"; "tear-stained cheeks"
having a coating of stain or varnish (同)varnished
the act of spotting or staining something (同)spotting, maculation
(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study

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(…で)…‘を'『汚す』,‘に'しみをつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈ガラス・木材・布など〉‘に'『着色する』 / (…で)〈人格・名声など〉‘を'汚す,‘に'傷をつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 汚れる,しみがつく / 〈C〉〈U〉(…についた)『しみ』,汚れ《+『on』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉着色剤,染料 / 〈C〉(人格・名声などに対する)汚点,傷《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》
personal assistant個人秘書 / public address [system]
parking
phosphorusの化学記号

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/12 09:50:28」(JST)

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Periodic acid

Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) is a staining method used to detect polysaccharides such as glycogen, and mucosubstances such as glycoproteins, glycolipids and mucins in tissues. The reaction of periodic acid oxidizes the vicinal diols in these sugars, usually breaking up the bond between two adjacent carbons not involved in the glycosidic linkage or ring closure in the ring of the monosaccharide units that are parts of the long polysaccharides, and creating a pair of aldehydes at the two free tips of each broken monosaccharide ring. The oxidation condition has to be sufficiently regulated so as to not oxidize the aldehydes further. These aldehydes then react with the Schiff reagent to give a purple-magenta color. A suitable basic stain is often used as a counterstain.

PAS diastase stain (PAS-D) is PAS stain used in combination with diastase, an enzyme that breaks down glycogen. Alcian blue/periodic acid–Schiff (AB/PAS or AB-PAS) uses alcian blue before the PAS step.

Uses

Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma histopathology, PAS stain

Esophageal candidiasis, PAS stain

Liver in glycogen storage disease, PAS stain

PAS staining is mainly used for staining structures containing a high proportion of carbohydrate macromolecules (glycogen, glycoprotein, proteoglycans), typically found in e.g. connective tissues, mucus, the glycocalyx, and basal laminae.

PAS staining can be used to assist in the diagnosis of several medical conditions:

Glycogen storage disease (versus other storage disorders).
Adenocarcinomas, which often secrete neutral mucins.
Paget disease of the breast.^[1]
Alveolar soft part sarcoma.^[2]
Staining macrophages in Whipple's disease.^[3]
It can be used to diagnose α1-antitrypsin deficiency if periportal liver hepatocytes stain positive.
Aggregates of PAS-positive lymphocytes are present in epidermis in Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, called Pautrier microabscesses.
Ewing sarcoma
Erythroleukemia, a leukemia of immature red blood cells. These cells stain a bright fuchsia.
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
Fungal infection, the cell walls of fungi stain magenta; this only works on living fungi. In contrast, Grocott's methenamine silver stain (GMS) will stain both living and dead fungal organisms.
It is used to identify glycogen in lung biopsy specimens of infants with pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis (PIG).
It can be used to highlight super cross-linked lipids inclusions in ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL).

Presence of glycogen can be confirmed on a section of tissue by using diastase to digest the glycogen from a section, then comparing a diastase digested PAS section with a normal PAS section. The diastase negative slide will show a magenta staining where glycogen is present within a section of tissue. The slide that has been treated with diastase will lack any positive PAS staining in those locations on the slide

PAS staining is also used for staining cellulose. One example would be looking for implanted medical devices composed of nonoxidized cellulose.

If the PAS stain will be performed on tissue, the recommended fixative is 10% neutral-buffered formalin or Bouin solution. For blood smears, the recommended fixative is methanol. Glutaraldehyde is not recommended because free aldehyde groups may be available to react with the Schiff reagent, which may result in false positive staining.^[4]

References

^ Thomas J. Lawton (27 April 2009). Breast. Cambridge University Press. pp. 55–. ISBN 978-0-521-88159-3. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ (Ladanyi et al 2002
^ C. Hauser (29 August 2005). Mayo Clinic Gastroenterology and Hepatology Board Review. CRC Press. pp. 108–. ISBN 978-0-203-50274-7. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ Carson, Freida L.; Hladik, Christa (2009). Histotechnology: A Self-Instructional Text (3 ed.). Hong Kong: American Society for Clinical Pathology Press. pp. 137–139. ISBN 978-0-89189-581-7.

External links

PAS Reaction

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における肺胞蛋白症の診断および治療 diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in adults
2. 爪真菌症 onychomycosis
3. ウィップル病 whipples disease
4. 嚢胞性線維症：肝胆道系疾患 cystic fibrosis hepatobiliary disease
5. 成人における肺胞蛋白症の臨床症状および病因 clinical manifestations and etiology of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in adults

English Journal

Trichophytum rubrum endonyx onychomycosis resistant to standard oral and topical therapies.

Mulvaney PM1, Telang GH, Jellinek N.
Dermatology online journal.Dermatol Online J.2015 Sep 17;21(9). pii: 13030/qt3jb3t80q.
We present a 45 year-old man with an eight-year history of discoloration of the nail plate on his left hallux. He had been treated with two courses of oral terbinafine and topical 8% ciclopirox for presumed onychomycosis. On exam, his left great toenail contained a wide yellow-white longitudinal ban
PMID 26437286

Morphological Variants of Renal Carcinoma in Radical Nephrectomy Specimens.

Humera1, Ali S2, Kehar SI1.
Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP.J Coll Physicians Surg Pak.2015 Sep;25(9):654-7. doi: 09.2015/JCPSP.654657.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the morphological variants of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) to detect the commonest histopathological type with special focus to the newly introduced entity Clear Cell Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCPRCC).STUDY DESIGN: Case series.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Pa
PMID 26374360

"Russell Body Gastroenterocolitis" in a Posttransplant Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Muthukumarana V1, Segura S2, O'Brien M2, Siddiqui R2, El-Fanek H2.
International journal of surgical pathology.Int J Surg Pathol.2015 Aug 26. pii: 1066896915601893. [Epub ahead of print]
Russell bodies represent a cellular response to overstimulation of plasma cells, leading to the accumulation of abundant, nondegradable, condensed immunoglobulin in dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae. Russell body gastritis was first described 1998 by Tazawa and Tsutsumi. Since then only
PMID 26310272

Japanese Journal

30カ月の経過観察中に緩徐な増大傾向を示した胃顆粒細胞腫の1切除例

加藤元彦,西田勉,森井英一,堀由美子,林義人,山本俊祐,飯島英樹,筒井秀作,辻井正彦,竹原徹郎
日本消化器内視鏡学会雑誌 = Gastroenterological endoscopy 54(6), 1819-1826, 2012-06-20
… ．超音波内視鏡では病変は第2・3層の境界に中間エコーの腫瘤として描出された．病変深層に粘膜下層が保たれていたためESDにて一括切除した．切除標本の病理ではα-SMA（-），KIT（-），CD34（-），S-100（+），PAS染色（+）で，MIB-1 index 5％程度で，胃の良性顆粒細胞腫と診断した．まれな胃の顆粒細胞腫の一例を経験した．内視鏡所見を経時的に追うことができた貴重な症例と考えられたので，文献的考察を含めて報告 …
NAID 10030961312

健康成人の片眼に発症した内因性真菌性眼内炎

宇野友絵,南場研一,加瀬諭 [他],齋藤航,北市伸義,大野重昭,石田晋
あたらしい眼科 = Journal of the eye 29(1), 135-138, 2012-01-30
NAID 10030234641

A case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the lung with long-term survival

山田英司,片岡和彦,藤原俊哉,松浦求樹
日本呼吸器外科学会雑誌 26(7), 734-738, 2012
… A Periodic-acid Schiff (PAS) stain and a PAS with diastase pre-digestion (d-PAS) stain revealed intracellular glycogen and mucin in the glands. …
NAID 130003346064

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「過ヨウ素酸シッフ染色」
関連記事	「PA」「PAS」「stain」「P」

「過ヨウ素酸シッフ染色」

　　[★]

英: periodic acid Schiff stain
同: PAS染色 PAS stain
関: 染色法

意義

血液

(生理的には)赤血球・赤芽球陰性、幼弱な顆粒球陰性。それ以外はおよそ陽性
急性白血病の診断：AMLの芽球ではほとんどが陰性、ALLの芽球では陽性を示す。ただし例外は少なくない。(LAB.327)
赤白血病(M6)：巨赤芽球が出現する疾患のうち、巨赤芽球性貧血ではPAS陰性であるが、赤白血病 M6の赤芽球はPAS陽性率が高い。(LAB.327)

病理組織

多糖類の証明：グリコゲン、粘液、腎糸球体の基底膜、色素顆粒(リポフスチン)・細胞顆粒、真菌、赤痢アメーバ

細胞内グリコゲンや粘液、卵巣の濾胞液、軟骨基質、甲状腺コロイド、副腎のクロム親和性物質、下垂体の腺細胞の顆粒、リポフスチン、腎糸球体や尿細管基底膜や硝子滴、小血管のフィブリノイド変性や硝子化、前立腺内容、脾やリンパ節の細網線維や小血管、好中球、肥満細胞、骨髄巨細胞、赤痢アメーバ、真菌類、細菌類(参考1)