WordNet
- invest with or as with a body; give body to (同)personify
- the external structure of a vehicle; "the body of the car was badly rusted"
- the main mass of a thing
- a natural object consisting of a dead animal or person; "they found the body in the lake" (同)dead body
- the entire structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being); "he felt as if his whole body were on fire" (同)organic structure, physical structure
- a collection of particulars considered as a system; "a body of law"; "a body of doctrine"; "a body of precedents"
- a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity; "the whole body filed out of the auditorium"; "the student body"; "administrative body"
- an individual 3-dimensional object that has mass and that is distinguishable from other objects; "heavenly body"
- the central message of a communication; "the body of the message was short"
- determine the sum of; "Add all the people in this town to those of the neighboring town" (同)tot, tot up, sum, sum_up, summate, tote up, add, add together, tally, add up
- damage beyond the point of repair; "My son totaled our new car"; "the rock star totals his guitar at every concert"
- add up in number or quantity; "The bills amounted to $2,000"; "The bill came to $2,000" (同)number, add up, come, amount
- the condition of being exposed to radiation
- (Pavolvian conditioning) the elicitation of a conditioned response by stimulation similar but not identical to the original stimulus
- (physiology) the spread of sensory neural impulses in the cortex
- the apparent enlargement of a bright object when viewed against a dark background
- a small amount (especially of a drink); "a tot of rum"
- used of automobiles; completely demolished; "the insurance adjuster declared the automobile totaled"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉『身体』,肉体 / 〈C〉(人・動物の)『胴体』 / 〈C〉)物の)『主要部』,本体《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『団体』,群れ:(…のたくさんの)集まり《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉物体,…体 / 〈U〉実質;(酒・味などの)こく / 〈C〉《話》人
- 『総計の』,全体の / 『全くの』,完全な(absolute) / 『合計』,総額,総数,総量(sum) / …‘を'合計する / 合計…‘に'なる,総額が…‘に'のぼる(amount to)
- 照らす(照らされる)こと;発光 / (知的)啓発,開明 / 放射線治療
- 幼児,小児 / (特に酒類の)少量,一杯,一口
- …‘を'合計する《+up+名,+名+up》 / 合計(…に)なる《+up to+名》
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/14 12:07:38」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Total body irradiation (TBI) is a form of radiotherapy used primarily as part of the preparative regimen for haematopoietic stem cell (or bone marrow) transplantation. As the name implies, TBI involves irradiation of the entire body, though in modern practice the lungs are often partially shielded to lower the risk of radiation-induced lung injury.[1][2] Total body irradiation in the setting of bone marrow transplantation serves to destroy or suppress the recipient's immune system, preventing immunologic rejection of transplanted donor bone marrow or blood stem cells. Additionally, high doses of total body irradiation can eradicate residual cancer cells in the transplant recipient, increasing the likelihood that the transplant will be successful.
Contents
- 1 Dosage
- 2 Usage in other cancers
- 3 Fertility
- 4 References
Dosage
Doses of total body irradiation used in bone marrow transplantation typically range from 10 to >12 Gy. For reference, a dose of 4.5 Gy is fatal in 50% of exposed individuals without aggressive medical care.[3] Such high total body doses are made possible by spreading the total dose out between several sessions, or "fractions," with an interval of time in between allowing other normal tissues some time to repair some of the damage caused. However, at these doses, total body irradiation both destroys the patient's bone marrow (allowing donor marrow to engraft) and kills residual cancer cells. Non-myeloablative bone marrow transplantation uses lower doses of total body irradiation, typically about 2 Gy, which do not destroy the host bone marrow but do suppress the host immune system sufficiently to promote donor engraftment.
In modern practice, total body irradiation is typically fractionated. Early research in bone marrow transplantation by E. Donnall Thomas and colleagues demonstrated that this process of splitting TBI into multiple smaller doses resulted in lower toxicity and better outcomes than delivering a single, large dose.[4][5]
Usage in other cancers
In addition to its use in bone marrow transplantation, total body irradiation has been explored as a treatment modality for high-risk Ewing sarcoma.[6] However, subsequent findings suggest that TBI in this setting causes toxicity without improving disease control,[7] and TBI is not currently used in the treatment of Ewing sarcoma outside of clinical trials.
Fertility
Total body irradiation results in female infertility in most cases, with recovery of gonadal function occurring in 10−14% of cases. The number of pregnancies observed after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation involving such as procedure is lower than 2%.[8] Fertility preservation measures mainly include cryopreservation of ovarian tissue, embryos or oocytes.
References
- ^ Gore EM, Lawton CA, Ash RC, Lipchik RJ (August 1996). "Pulmonary function changes in long-term survivors of bone marrow transplantation". Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 36 (1): 67–75. doi:10.1016/S0360-3016(96)00123-X. PMID 8823260.
- ^ Soule BP, Simone NL, Savani BN et al. (September 2007). "Pulmonary function following total body irradiation (with or without lung shielding) and allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant". Bone Marrow Transplant. 40 (6): 573–8. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1705771. PMID 17637691.
- ^ Department of Homeland Security Working Group on Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) Preparedness, from the United States Department of Homeland Security. Accessed May 29, 2008.
- ^ Thomas ED, Buckner CD, Clift RA et al. (September 1979). "Marrow transplantation for acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in first remission". N. Engl. J. Med. 301 (11): 597–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM197909133011109. PMID 381925.
- ^ Thomas ED, Clift RA, Hersman J et al. (May 1982). "Marrow transplantation for acute nonlymphoblastic leukemic in first remission using fractionated or single-dose irradiation". Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 8 (5): 817–21. PMID 7050046.
- ^ Kinsella TJ, Glaubiger D, Diesseroth A et al. (December 1983). "Intensive combined modality therapy including low-dose TBI in high-risk Ewing's Sarcoma Patients". Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 9 (12): 1955–60. doi:10.1016/0360-3016(83)90368-1. PMID 9463099.
- ^ Burdach S, Meyer-Bahlburg A, Laws HJ et al. (August 2003). "High-dose therapy for patients with primary multifocal and early relapsed Ewing's tumors: results of two consecutive regimens assessing the role of total-body irradiation". J. Clin. Oncol. 21 (16): 3072–8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2003.12.039. PMID 12915596.
- ^ André Tichelli, Alicia Rovó. Fertility Issues Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Expert Rev Hematol. 2013;6(4):375-388.
In turn citing:Salooja N, Szydlo RM, Socie G et al. Pregnancy outcomes after peripheral blood or bone marrow transplantation: a retrospective survey. Lancet 358(9278), 271–276(2001).
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Organ transplantation
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| Types |
- Allotransplantation
- Autotransplantation
- Xenotransplantation
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| Organs and tissues |
- Bone
- Bone marrow
- Brain
- Corneal
- Face
- Hand
- Head
- Heart
- Heart–lung
- Kidney
- Liver
- Lung
- Pancreas
- Penis
- Skin
- Spleen
- Thymus
- Uterus
- Vagina
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| Medical grafting |
- Bone grafting
- Skin grafting
- Vascular grafting
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| Organ donation |
- Non-heart-beating donation
- Organ harvesting
- Organ trade
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| Complications |
- Graft-versus-host disease
- Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
- Transplant rejection
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| Organizations |
- Anthony Nolan
- DKMS Americas
- Eurotransplant
- Halachic Organ Donor Society
- Human Tissue Authority
- National Marrow Donor Program
- National Transplant Organization
- NHS Blood and Transplant
- United Network for Organ Sharing
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| Countries |
- Organ transplantation in different countries
- Organ transplantation in China
- Organ transplantation in Israel
- Organ transplantation in Japan
- Organ theft in Kosovo
- Gurgaon kidney scandal
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| People |
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Heart
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- Christiaan Barnard
- Adrian Kantrowitz
- Richard Lower
- Norman Shumway
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Kidney
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- J. Hartwell Harrison
- John P. Merrill
- Joseph Murray
- Michael Woodruff
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Liver
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Lung
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- Joel D. Cooper
- Vladimir Demikhov
- James Hardy
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Other
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- Alexis Carrel
- Jean-Michel Dubernard
- Donna Mansell
- Bruce Reitz
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- List of organ transplant donors and recipients
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| Related topics |
- Biomedical tissue
- Edmonton protocol
- Eye bank
- Immunosuppressive drugs
- Lung allocation score
- Machine perfusion
- Total body irradiation
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Total Body Irradiation and Cyclophosphamide Plus Antithymocyte Globulin Regimen Is Well Tolerated and Promotes Stable Engraftment as a Preparative Regimen before T Cell-Replete Haploidentical Transplantation for Acute Leukemia.
- Fu H1, Xu L1, Liu D1, Liu K1, Zhang X1, Chen H1, Chen Y1, Han W1, Wang Y1, Wang J1, Wang F1, Huang X2.
- Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.Biol Blood Marrow Transplant.2014 Aug;20(8):1176-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.04.012. Epub 2014 Apr 18.
- We compared total body irradiation (TBI, 700 cGy)/cyclophosphamide (Cy, 3.6 g/m(2))/simustine (250 mg/m(2)) plus antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (TBI/Cy plus ATG) with cytarabine (8 g/m(2))/i.v. busulfan (Bu, 9.6 mg/kg)/Cy (3.6 g/m(2))/simustine (250 mg/m(2)) plus ATG (modified Bu/Cy plus ATG) a
- PMID 24747336
- Long-term follow-up of bone density, general and reproductive health in female survivors after treatment for haematological malignancies.
- Naessén S1, Bergström I, Ljungman P, Landgren BM.
- European journal of haematology.Eur J Haematol.2014 Aug;93(2):137-42. doi: 10.1111/ejh.12317. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
- The purpose of this study was to assess the ovarian function, fertility and bone mineral density in women who previously had treatment for different haematological malignancies (HMs). The overall survival and cure rates of patients with HMs have improved dramatically. The treatment affects fertility
- PMID 24649942
- GANRA-5 protects mice from X-ray irradiation-induced dysfunction of the immune system.
- Liu T1, Pei H, Xu D, Zhang Y, Wan J, Wu X, Zhang X, Sun F, He J, Li P, Tian N, Wang J, Chen W, Zhou G.
- Free radical research.Free Radic Res.2014 Aug;48(8):875-82. doi: 10.3109/10715762.2014.919389. Epub 2014 May 27.
- Abstract Ionizing radiation produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause damage to cells. We have synthesized a class of ROS scavengers and found that one of them, named GANRA-5, exhibits high radio-protective effects against both heavy ion irradiation and X-rays, while at the same time displ
- PMID 24773049
Japanese Journal
- Screening for 137Cs Body Burden Due to the Chernobyl Accident in Korosten City, Zhitomir, Ukraine: 1996–2008
- Hayashida Naomi,Sekitani Yui,Kozlovsky Alexander,Rafalsky Ruslan,Gutevich Alexander,Daniliuk Valery,Yamashita Shunichi,Takamura Noboru
- Journal of Radiation Research 52(5), 629-633, 2011-09-27
- … Inhabitants residing around CNPP have been exposed to external and internal irradiation due to the long half-life of 137Cs (30 years). … In this study, we screened for internal whole-body 137Cs concentration using a whole-body counter in the Zhitomir state of Ukraine. … The total number of participants was 144,972 (96,149 females and 48,823 males). …
- NAID 120003477572
- 骨髄移植後にB型劇症肝炎を発症した急性骨髄性白血病の一例
- 菊池 裕二,尾崎 勝俊,松山 智洋,岡 智子,山本 千鶴,森 政樹,永井 正,室井 一男,小澤 敬也
- 自治医科大学紀要 33, 111-116, 2011-03-01
- 悪性リンパ腫に対する自家末梢血幹細胞移植後に二次性白血病を発症した40歳男性に対し,非血縁男性ドナーから同種骨髄移植を行った。移植前,患者はHBsAg(-), HBsAb(-), HBcAb(-), HCVAb(+), HCV-RNA(+)であった。移植後より肝機能障害が遷延し,移植片対宿主病(graft-versus-host disease; GVHD)が疑われたためタクロリムス(tacrol …
- NAID 110008506960
Related Links
- Total body irradiation (TBI) gives radiotherapy to the whole body. TBI is sometimes used alongside high dose chemotherapy to treat myeloma or some types of leukaemia and lymphoma. ... Total body irradiation (TBI) alongside high ...
- 全身照射(Total body Irradiation，以下TBIと称する。)は，骨髄移植に先立って全身の悪性細胞や宿主の骨髄幹細胞を根絶し，免疫力を低下させる目的で化学療法と併用して行われる照射方法である。当院でも骨髄移植患者の半数以上が ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- total body irradiation, TBI, whole body irradiation
- 関
- 放射線全身照射、全身照射法、全身照射。造血幹細胞移植
副作用
- 白内障(分割照射により減少)
- 生殖機能低下
- 二次発癌
参考
- 1. [charged] 造血細胞移植のための前処置療法 - uptodate [1]
[★]
- 関
- acute brain injury、brain contusion、brain injury、brain trauma、cortical contusion、diffuse brain injury、focal brain injury、traumatic brain injury、traumatic encephalopathy
[★]
- 関
- total body irradiation、whole-body irradiation
[★]
- 関
- total body irradiation、whole-body radiation
[★]
- 関
- all、altogether、common、entire、entirety、gross、overall、total amount、whole
[★]
- 関
- bombardment、illuminate、irradiate、radiate、radiation
[★]
- 関
- general、systemic、whole body、whole-body
[★]