WordNet

any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
the inner and thicker of the two bones of the human leg between the knee and ankle (同)shinbone, shin_bone, shin
relating to or located near a tibia
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
脛骨

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/21 20:08:50」(JST)

wiki en

The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus.

In the popliteal fossa the nerve gives off branches to gastrocnemius, popliteus, soleus and plantaris muscles, an articular branch to the knee joint, and a cutaneous branch that will become the sural nerve. The sural nerve is joined by fibres from the common fibular nerve and runs down the calf to supply the lateral side of the foot.

Below the soleus muscle the nerve lies close to the tibia and supplies the tibialis posterior, the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The nerve passes into the foot running posterior to the medial malleolus. Here it is bound down by the flexor retinaculum in company with the posterior tibial artery.

Branches

In the foot, the nerve divides into medial and lateral plantar branches.

Medial plantar nerve

The medial plantar nerve supplies: the abductor hallucis, the flexor digitorum brevis, the flexor hallucis brevis and the first lumbrical. Cutaneous distribution of the medial plantar nerve is to the medial sole and medial three and one half toes, including the nail beds on the dorsum (like the median nerve in the hand). Mnemonic LAFF muscles (pronounced "laugh") L-first Lumbrical, A- Abductor Hallucis, F- Flexor digitorum brevis, F- flexor hallucis brevis

Lateral plantar nerve

The lateral plantar nerve supplies quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, the interossei, three lumbricals. and abductor digiti minimi. Cutaneous innervation is to the lateral sole and lateral one and one half toes (like the ulnar nerve).

Additional images

Tibial nerve
Cross-section through middle of leg
Cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front and posterior views
Diagram of the segmental distribution of the cutaneous nerves of the sole of the foot
A schematic of the sacral plexus with the origin of the tibial nerve shown (labeled at the bottom left)
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve

External links

Duke Orthopedics tibial_nerve
Image - upper, at comcast.net
Image - lower, at southfloridasportsmedicine.com

UpToDate Contents

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1. 下肢末梢神経症候群の概要 overview of lower extremity peripheral nerve syndromes
2. 外傷性単神経障害 traumatic mononeuropathies
3. 末梢神経疾患および筋疾患の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve and muscle disease
4. 神経伝導検査の概要 overview of nerve conduction studies
5. Lower extremity nerve blocks: Techniques

English Journal

Low-level laser therapy alleviates neuropathic pain and promotes function recovery in rats with chronic constriction injury: Possible involvements in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α).

Hsieh YL, Chou LW, Chang PL, Yang CC, Kao MJ, Hong CZ.SourceDepartment of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402. sherrie@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2012 Sep 1;520(13):2903-16. doi: 10.1002/cne.23072.
Nerve inflammation plays an important role in the development and progression of neuropathic pain after chronic constrictive injury (CCI). Recent studies have indicated that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is crucial in inflammation. Low-level laser therapy has been used in treating musculosk
PMID 22351621

Analgesic effect of iridoid glycosides from Paederia scandens (LOUR.) MERRILL (Rubiaceae) on spared nerve injury rat model of neuropathic pain.

Liu M, Zhou L, Chen Z, Hu C.AbstractIridoid glycosides of Paederia scandens (IGPS) is a major active component isolated from traditional Chinese herb P. scandens (LOUR.) MERRILL (Rubiaceae). The aim of the present study was to investigate the analgesic effect of IGPS on spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain. The SNI model in rats was established by complete transection of the common peroneal and tibial distal branches of the sciatic nerve, leaving the sural branch intact. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) in response to mechanical stimulation was measured by electronic von Frey filaments on day 1 before operation and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 after operation, respectively. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production of spinal cord were measured by spectrophotometry and its cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content by radioimmunoassay, mRNA expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) and protein kinase G type I (PKG-I, including PKG Ια and PKG Iβ) of spinal cord were analyzed by RT-PCR. There was a marked mechanical hypersensitivity response observed on day 1 after operation in SNI model, which accompanied with decreased MWT. Treatment with IGPS (70, 140, 280mg/kg) significantly alleviated SNI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity response evidenced by increased MWT; as well as markedly decreased NOS activity, NO and cGMP levels. At the same time, IGPS (70, 140, 280mg/kg) could also inhibit mRNA expression of iNOS, PKG Ια and PKG Iβ in the spinal cord. The results suggested that IGPS possesses antinociceptive effect, which may be partly related to the inhibition of NO/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway in the rat SNI model of neuropathic pain.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior.Pharmacol Biochem Behav.2012 Sep;102(3):465-70. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
Iridoid glycosides of Paederia scandens (IGPS) is a major active component isolated from traditional Chinese herb P. scandens (LOUR.) MERRILL (Rubiaceae). The aim of the present study was to investigate the analgesic effect of IGPS on spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain. The SNI mode
PMID 22698486

Japanese Journal

超音波画像による血管内レーザー治療の照射位置の検討：脛骨神経と小伏在静脈の位置的関係について

Neurosonology:神経超音波医学 29(1), 38-42, 2016
NAID 130005158593

アキレス腱付着部への集毛鍼刺激がヒラメ筋の H 波に与える影響:—2 分間での検討—

日本東洋医学雑誌 67(1), 22-27, 2016
NAID 130005153372

急性前骨髄球性白血病の完全寛解後に中枢神経播種をきたした1例

臨床神経学 56(4), 273-276, 2016
NAID 130005149738

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「脛骨神経」「medial plantar nerve」
拡張検索	「posterior tibial nerve」
関連記事	「nerve」「tibial」

「脛骨神経」

Nerve: Tibial nerve
	Plan of sacral and pudendal plexuses (Tibial nerve labelled at centre left)
	Nerves of the right lower extremity Posterior view.
Latin	Nervus tibialis
Gray's	subject #213 960
Innervates	Medial: abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, first lumbrical; Lateral: quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, the interossei, three lumbricals. and abductor digiti minimi
From	sacral plexus via sciatic nerve
To	medial plantar nerve, lateral plantar nerve
MeSH	Tibial+Nerve

　　[★]

英: tibial nerve (N,B)
ラ: nervus tibialis
関: 総腓骨神経

筋枝：下腿、足底の屈筋
皮枝：下腿の外側半、足底}

図：N.484(大腿後面),523(下腿後面)

由来

坐骨神経→脛骨神経+総腓骨神経
L4,L5,S1-S4 (KL.214)

支配 (KL.214)

筋枝
- 腓腹筋
- ヒラメ筋
- 膝窩筋
- 長趾屈筋
- 長母指屈筋
- 後脛骨筋
- 足底の筋
皮枝
- 内側腓腹皮神経
- 腓腹神経

走行

大腿のハムストリングの深層で坐骨神経から分岐して脛骨神経となり、そのまま下腿まで下行
膝窩までは内側にあった膝窩動脈は膝窩筋の下、ヒラメ筋の深層で、後脛骨動脈になると共に、脛骨神経の外側に位置して下行 (N.500)
後脛骨動脈は腓骨動脈を分岐した後、脛骨神経の内側に向かい、脛骨神経と共に下行する (N.500)
脛骨神経は後脛骨筋の表層を下行し、内果の後ろをまわり足底に至る (N.523)
足底で、母趾外転筋の下層で分岐し、内側足底神経と外側足底神経になる (N.516)

枝

内側腓腹皮神経→腓腹神経
終枝
- 内側足底神経
- 外側足底神経

脊髄神経

支配神経根	責任椎間高位	深部反射	感覚領域	支配筋
L4	L3-4	膝蓋腱反射	膝蓋骨の内側近辺	大腿四頭筋
L5	L4-5		膝蓋骨下外側から母趾にかけて下方に斜行	前脛骨筋、長母趾伸筋、長趾伸筋
S1	L5-S1	アキレス腱反射	小趾	下腿三頭筋、長母趾屈筋、長趾屈筋