WordNet

either of two skeletal muscle in each leg arising from the tibia; provides for movement of the foot (同)tibialis muscle, musculus tibialis
relating to or located near a tibia

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/14 21:23:51」(JST)

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The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus.

In the popliteal fossa the nerve gives off branches to gastrocnemius, popliteus, soleus and plantaris muscles, an articular branch to the knee joint, and a cutaneous branch that will become the sural nerve. The sural nerve is joined by fibres from the common fibular nerve and runs down the calf to supply the lateral side of the foot.

Below the soleus muscle the nerve lies close to the tibia and supplies the tibialis posterior, the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The nerve passes into the foot running posterior to the medial malleolus. Here it is bound down by the flexor retinaculum in company with the posterior tibial artery.

Branches[edit]

In the foot, the nerve divides into medial and lateral plantar branches.

Medial plantar nerve[edit]

The medial plantar nerve supplies: the abductor hallucis, the flexor digitorum brevis, the flexor hallucis brevis and the first lumbrical. Cutaneous distribution of the medial plantar nerve is to the medial sole and medial three and one half toes, including the nail beds on the dorsum (like the median nerve in the hand). Mnemonic LAFF muscles (pronounced "laugh") L-first Lumbrical, A- Abductor Hallucis, F- Flexor digitorum brevis, F- flexor hallucis brevis

Lateral plantar nerve[edit]

The lateral plantar nerve supplies quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, the interossei, three lumbricals. and abductor digiti minimi. Cutaneous innervation is to the lateral sole and lateral one and one half toes (like the ulnar nerve).

Additional images[edit]

Tibial nerve
Cross-section through middle of leg
Cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front and posterior views
Diagram of the segmental distribution of the cutaneous nerves of the sole of the foot
A schematic of the sacral plexus with the origin of the tibial nerve shown (labeled at the bottom left)
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve

External links[edit]

Duke Orthopedics tibial_nerve
Image - upper, at comcast.net
Image - lower, at southfloridasportsmedicine.com

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Short-latency crossed spinal responses are impaired differently in sub-acute and chronic stroke patients.

Stubbs PW, Nielsen JF, Sinkjær T, Mrachacz-Kersting N.SourceHammel Neurorehabilitation Hospital and Research Center, Aarhus University, 15 Voldbyvej, 8450 Hammel, Denmark; Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7 D-3, DK 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.Clin Neurophysiol.2012 Mar;123(3):541-9. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
OBJECTIVE: Investigate if patients with supraspinal lesions have impaired interlimb spinal reflex pathways. The short-latency crossed spinal response will be investigated during sitting from the non-paretic to paretic and paretic to non-paretic extremities at different stimulation intensities in chr
PMID 21839674

Partial tibial nerve transfer to the tibialis anterior motor branch to treat peroneal nerve injury after knee trauma.

Giuffre JL, Bishop AT, Spinner RJ, Levy BA, Shin AY.SourceDepartment of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, Pan Am Clinic, University of Manitoba, 75 Poseidon Bay, Winnipeg, MB, R3ME4, Canada, jgiuffre@panamclinic.com.
Clinical orthopaedics and related research.Clin Orthop Relat Res.2012 Mar;470(3):779-90.
BACKGROUND: Injuries to the deep peroneal nerve result in tibialis anterior muscle paralysis and associated loss of ankle dorsiflexion. Nerve grafting of peroneal nerve injuries has led to poor function; therefore, tendon transfers and ankle-foot orthotics have been the standard treatment for foot d
PMID 21626085

「脛骨神経」

Nerve: Tibial nerve
	Plan of sacral and pudendal plexuses (Tibial nerve labelled at centre left)
	Nerves of the right lower extremity Posterior view.
Latin	Nervus tibialis
Gray's	subject #213 960
Innervates	Medial: abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, first lumbrical; Lateral: quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, the interossei, three lumbricals. and abductor digiti minimi
From	sacral plexus via sciatic nerve
To	medial plantar nerve, lateral plantar nerve
MeSH	Tibial+Nerve

　　[★]

英: tibial nerve (N,B)
ラ: nervus tibialis
関: 総腓骨神経

筋枝：下腿、足底の屈筋
皮枝：下腿の外側半、足底}

図：N.484(大腿後面),523(下腿後面)

由来

坐骨神経→脛骨神経+総腓骨神経
L4,L5,S1-S4 (KL.214)

支配 (KL.214)

筋枝
- 腓腹筋
- ヒラメ筋
- 膝窩筋
- 長趾屈筋
- 長母指屈筋
- 後脛骨筋
- 足底の筋
皮枝
- 内側腓腹皮神経
- 腓腹神経

走行

大腿のハムストリングの深層で坐骨神経から分岐して脛骨神経となり、そのまま下腿まで下行
膝窩までは内側にあった膝窩動脈は膝窩筋の下、ヒラメ筋の深層で、後脛骨動脈になると共に、脛骨神経の外側に位置して下行 (N.500)
後脛骨動脈は腓骨動脈を分岐した後、脛骨神経の内側に向かい、脛骨神経と共に下行する (N.500)
脛骨神経は後脛骨筋の表層を下行し、内果の後ろをまわり足底に至る (N.523)
足底で、母趾外転筋の下層で分岐し、内側足底神経と外側足底神経になる (N.516)

枝

内側腓腹皮神経→腓腹神経
終枝
- 内側足底神経
- 外側足底神経

脊髄神経

支配神経根	責任椎間高位	深部反射	感覚領域	支配筋
L4	L3-4	膝蓋腱反射	膝蓋骨の内側近辺	大腿四頭筋
L5	L4-5		膝蓋骨下外側から母趾にかけて下方に斜行	前脛骨筋、長母趾伸筋、長趾伸筋
S1	L5-S1	アキレス腱反射	小趾	下腿三頭筋、長母趾屈筋、長趾屈筋