WordNet

vary the pitch of ones speech (同)inflect, modulate
give a healthy elasticity to; "Lets tone our muscles" (同)tone up, strengthen
change the color or tone of; "tone a negative"
change to a color image; "tone a photographic image"
(linguistics) a pitch or change in pitch of the voice that serves to distinguish words in tonal languages; "the Beijing dialect uses four tones"
a steady sound without overtones; "they tested his hearing with pure tones of different frequencies" (同)pure tone
the quality of a persons voice; "he began in a conversational tone"; "he spoke in a nervous tone of voice" (同)tone of voice
a musical interval of two semitones (同)whole tone, step, whole step
the quality of something (an act or a piece of writing) that reveals the attitudes and presuppositions of the author; "the general tone of articles appearing in the newspapers is that the government should withdraw"; "from the tone of her behavior I gathe
utter monotonously and repetitively and rhythmically; "The students chanted the same slogan over and over again" (同)chant, intone
(sports) the ratio of successful performances to opportunities
achieve or reach on average; "He averaged a C"
a statistic describing the location of a distribution; "it set the norm for American homes" (同)norm
an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual; "he is about average in height"; "the snowfall this month is below average"
amount to or come to an average, without loss or gain; "The number of hours I work per work averages out to 40" (同)average out
compute the average of (同)average out
lacking exceptional quality or ability; "a novel of average merit"; "only a fair performance of the sonata"; "in fair health"; "the caliber of the students has gone from mediocre to above average"; "the performance was middling at best" (同)fair, mediocre, middling
around the middle of a scale of evaluation; "an orange of average size"; "intermediate capacity"; "medium bombers" (同)intermediate, medium
approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value; "the average income in New England is below that of the nation"; "of average height for his age"; "the mean annual rainfall" (同)mean
lacking special distinction, rank, or status; commonly encountered; "average people"; "the ordinary (or common) man in the street" (同)ordinary
free of extraneous elements of any kind; "pure air and water"; "pure gold"; "pure primary colors"; "the violins pure and lovely song"; "pure tones"; "pure oxygen"
in a state of sexual virginity; "pure and vestal modesty"; "a spinster or virgin lady"; "men have decreed that their women must be pure and virginal" (同)vestal, virgin, virginal, virtuous
(used of persons or behaviors) having no faults; sinless; "I felt pure and sweet as a new baby"- Sylvia Plath; "pure as the driven snow"
concerned with theory and data rather than practice; opposed to applied; "pure science"
free from discordant qualities
having or distinguished by a tone; often used in combination; "full-toned"; "silver-toned"
having or characterized or distinguished by tone or a specific tone; often used in combination; "full-toned"; "shrill-toned"; "deep-toned"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(高さ・音色・長さ・音量の点から見た)『音』 / 〈C〉〈U〉音質 / 〈C〉楽音;全音程 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》『言い方,書き方』,口調,語調 / 〈C〉支配的な(一般的な)風潮(傾向) / 〈U〉(筋肉などの緊張の)『正常な状態』 / 〈C〉『色調』,色合い,濃淡,明暗 / (音・色などで)…‘に'『ある調子(口調,色合い)をつける』 / …‘の'色を変える,色を補正する
『平均』;並み,標準 / 平均値 / 『平均の』;並みの,標準の / 〈数〉'を'『平均する』 / 平均して…'を'する(受動態にできない) / 平均して…となる
(金など)『混じりけのない』,純粋の / (水など)『汚れていない』,きれいな / (道徳的に)汚れていない,清らかな / (血統が)純粋の,純血の,きっすいの / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》《話》全くの / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(応用的に対して)理論的な,純粋の
《方向》(1)(到着の意を含めて)…『へ』,に,まで / 《状況の変化》…[のほう]へ;…に[なるまで],その結果…になる / 《適用範囲》(1)《動詞に伴って》『…に対して』,に,へ / (2)《形容詞[句]・[代]名倍に伴って》『…に対して』 / 《程度・範囲》『…[に至る]まで』 / 《時間の終り》『…まで』(till) / 《to one's+『名』の形で》(…が)『…したことに[は]』 / 《比較・対比・割合》『…と比べて』,より,に対して / 《一致・適合》『…に合わせて』,に合って,に応じて / 《目的・意図》『…のために』 / 《運命・境遇》『…に』 / 《所属・関係》『…へ』,に[対して] / 《付加・付着・固執》『…に』 / 《対立・対向》…に[対して] / いつもの状態(位置)に / 停止(閉鎖)の状態に / 活動状態に(へ),仕事に
《名詞的用法》『…すること』 / 《形容詞的用法》『…するための,すべき』 / 《副詞的用法》『…するために』,して,するとは,すれば / 《独立用法》 / 《文全体を修飾する慣用語句》…すれば,してみると,…だが / 短縮文

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児における聴覚障害：評価 hearing impairment in children evaluation
2. Evaluation of hearing loss in adults
3. Meniere disease
4. 前庭神経鞘腫（聴神経腫） vestibular schwannoma acoustic neuroma
5. 新生児における難聴スクリーニング screening the newborn for hearing loss

English Journal

Hearing assessment data in HIV-infected and uninfected children of Cape Town, South Africa.

Torre P 3rd1, Cook A, Elliott H, Dawood G, Laughton B.
AIDS care.AIDS Care.2015 Aug;27(8):1037-41. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2015.1021746. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
Researchers are showing that the rate of hearing loss in children with perinatal HIV infection (PHIV) is higher than in HIV-unexposed, uninfected children. These data, however, have been collected mostly in the USA; extensive hearing data from low- and middle-income countries are lacking. The purpos
PMID 25760238

Efficacy of low-dose intratympanic dexamethasone for sudden hearing loss.

Günel C1, Başal Y2, Toka A2, Eryılmaz A2, Kurt Ömürlü I3.
Auris, nasus, larynx.Auris Nasus Larynx.2015 Aug;42(4):284-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2015.02.002. Epub 2015 Feb 25.
OBJECTIVE: Intratympanic steroids (ITSs) are recommended for treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). On the other hand, the dosage, frequency and duration of the intratympanic therapy are still not clear. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose intratympanic steroid (ITS) treat
PMID 25725564

Evaluation of serum antioxidants in age-related hearing loss.

Lasisi TJ1, Lasisi AO.
Aging clinical and experimental research.Aging Clin Exp Res.2015 Jun;27(3):265-9. doi: 10.1007/s40520-014-0282-3. Epub 2014 Nov 2.
BACKGROUND: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) has been linked to the shift in the pro-oxidant/antioxidant ratio. Our objectives were to assess serum levels of retinol and zinc among the elderly individuals and to correlate the levels with hearing threshold.METHODS: Prospective study of apparently heal
PMID 25362621

Japanese Journal

A randomized controlled clinical trial of topical insulin-like growth factor-1 therapy for sudden deafness refractory to systemic corticosteroid treatment.

Nakagawa Takayuki,Kumakawa Kozo,Usami Shin-ichi,Hato Naohito,Tabuchi Keiji,Takahashi Mariko,Fujiwara Keizo,Sasaki Akira,Komune Shizuo,Sakamoto Tatsunori,Hiraumi Harukazu,Yamamoto Norio,Tanaka Shiro,Tada Harue,Yamamoto Michio,Yonezawa Atsushi,Ito-Ihara Toshiko,Ikeda Takafumi,Shimizu Akira,Tabata Yasuhiko,Ito Juichi
BMC medicine 12, 2014-11-19
… The primary outcome was the proportion of patients showing hearing improvement (10 decibels or greater in pure-tone average hearing thresholds) 8 weeks after treatment. … The secondary outcomes included the change in pure-tone average hearing thresholds over time and the incidence of adverse events. …
NAID 120005517912

軽度難聴の急性感音難聴症例の検討

野口佳裕,籾山直子,高橋正時,喜多村健
AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 57(1), 63-70, 2014
要旨: 本研究では, 原因不明に発症し, 5周波数平均聴力レベルが40dB未満の軽度の急性感音難聴症例37例 (年齢22～78歳; 男性20例, 女性17例) を検討した。急性低音障害型感音難聴症例は除外した。患者を隣り合う3周波数の聴力レベルが30dB HL以上のA群とそれ以外のB群に分類した。難聴はA群の70%, B群の79%が自覚し, 耳鳴はA群の91%, B群の92%に認められた。最も頻度 …
NAID 130004714067

補聴器外来受診高年齢者における語音聴力検査結果の検討

安江穂,杉浦彩子,内田育恵,中島務
日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 117(8), 1080-1086, 2014
　【目的】聴覚コミュニケーション障害に対する対策を求めて当院補聴器外来を受診した高年齢者について, 年齢毎の聴覚推移の特徴と語音弁別能低値に寄与する要因を明らかにする目的で検討した.　【方法】対象は60～98歳の525名1,050耳である.　解析1: 10歳毎の年齢群別・性別語音弁別能平均値を求めた.　解析2: 同じく語音弁別能60%未満,40%以下の割合を求めた.　解析3: 語音弁別能60% …
NAID 130004696886