be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
an event known to have happened or something known to have existed; "your fears have no basis in fact"; "how much of the story is fact and how much fiction is hard to tell"
a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case"
a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"
the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new; "she looked forward to her initiation as an adult"; "the foundation of a new scientific society" (同)founding, foundation, institution, origination, creation, innovation, introduction, instauration
a formal entry into an organization or position or office; "his initiation into the club"; "he was ordered to report for induction into the army"; "he gave a speech as part of his installation into the hall of fame" (同)induction, installation
having cells that lack membrane-bound nuclei (同)procaryotic
All bacteria require the use of three initiation factors: IF1, and IF2, for translation. Some phyla require an additional IF3.
Contents
1IF1
2IF2
3IF3
4External links
IF1
Prokaryotic initiation factor-1 associates with the 30S ribosomal subunit in the A site and prevents an aminoacyl-tRNA from entering. It modulates IF2 binding to the ribosome by increasing its affinity. It may also prevent the 50S subunit from binding, stopping the formation of the 70S subunit. It also contains a β-domain fold common for nucleic acid binding proteins. It is a homolog of eIF1A.
IF2
Prokaryotic initiation factor-2 binds to an initiator tRNA and controls the entry of that tRNA into the ribosome. IF2, bound to GTP, binds to the 30S P site. After associating with the 30S subunit, fMet-tRNAf binds to the IF2 then IF2 transfers the tRNA into the partial P site. When the 50S subunit joins, it hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi, causing a conformational change in the IF2 that causes IF2 to release and allow the 70S subunit to form. It is a homolog of eIF5B.
IF3
Prokaryotic initiation factor-3 (YciH) is not universally found in all bacterial species but in E. coli it is required for the 30S subunit to bind to the initiation site in mRNA. In addition, it has several other jobs including stabilization of free 30S subunits, facilitation of 30S subunits binding to mRNA and checking for accuracy against the first aminoacyl-tRNA. It also allows for rapid codon-anticodon pairing for the initiator tRNA to bind quickly to. IF3 is required by the small subunit to form initiation complexes, but has to be released to allow the 50S subunit to bind. It is a homolog of eIF1, also known as SUI1.
External links
Prokaryotic+Initiation+Factors at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
v
t
e
Protein biosynthesis: translation (bacterial, archaeal, eukaryotic)
Proteins
Initiation factor
Bacterial
IF1
IF2
IF3
EF-P
Archaeal
aIF1
aIF2
aIF5
aIF6
Eukaryotic
eIF1
eIF1
B
family
eIF1A
Y
eIF2
α
β
γ
eIF2B
1
2
3
4
5
kinase
eIF2A
eIF2D
eIF3
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
eIF4
A
1
2
3
E1
2
3
G
1
2
3
B
H
eIF5
EIF5
EIF5A
2
5B
eIF6
EIF6
Elongation factor
Bacterial
EF-Tu
EF-Ts
EF-G
Archaeal/Eukaryotic
a/eEF-1
A1
2
3
B
P1
P2
P3
D
E
G
a/eEF-2
Release factor
Class 1
eRF1
Class 2/RF3
GSPT1
GSPT2
Ribosomal Proteins
Cytoplasmic
60S subunit
RPL3
RPL4
RPL5
RPL6
RPL7
RPL7A
RPL8
RPL9
RPL10
RPL10A
RPL10-like
RPL11
RPL12
RPL13
RPL13A
RPL14
RPL15
RPL17
RPL18
RPL18A
RPL19
RPL21
RPL22
RPL23
RPL23A
RPL24
RPL26
RPL27
RPL27A
RPL28
RPL29
RPL30
RPL31
RPL32
RPL34
RPL35
RPL35A
RPL36
RPL36A
RPL37
RPL37A
RPL38
RPL39
RPL40
RPL41
RPLP0
RPLP1
RPLP2
RRP15-like
RSL24D1
40S subunit
RPSA
RPS2
RPS3
RPS3A
RPS4 (RPS4X, RPS4Y1, RPS4Y2)
RPS5
RPS6
RPS7
RPS8
RPS9
RPS10
RPS11
RPS12
RPS13
RPS14
RPS15
RPS15A
RPS16
RPS17
RPS18
RPS19
RPS20
RPS21
RPS23
RPS24
RPS25
RPS26
RPS27
RPS27A
RPS28
RPS29
RPS30
RACK1
Mitochondrial
39S subunit
MRPL1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
28S subunit
MRPS1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Other concepts
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
Reading frame
Start codon
Stop codon
Shine-Dalgarno sequence/Kozak consensus sequence
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
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Simple animation about transcription in prokaryotes. By group 15 UCD, Ireland Student :D Simple animation about transcription in prokaryotes. By group 15 UCD, Ireland Student :D Skip navigation Sign in Search Loading...