同: PKDL

WordNet

ride Western style and bob up and down in the saddle in rhythm with a horses trotting gait
an upright consisting of a piece of timber or metal fixed firmly in an upright position; "he set a row of posts in the ground and strung barbwire between them"
the delivery and collection of letters and packages; "it came by the first post"; "if you hurry youll catch the post"
a pole or stake set up to mark something (as the start or end of a race track); "a pair of posts marked the goal"; "the corner of the lot was indicated by a stake" (同)stake
the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand; "a soldier manned the entrance post"; "a sentry station" (同)station
mark or expose as infamous; "She was branded a loose woman" (同)brand
transfer (entries) from one account book to another (同)carry
place so as to be noticed; "post a sign"; "post a warning at the dump" (同)put_up
affix in a public place or for public notice; "post a warning"
assign to a post; put into a post; "The newspaper posted him in Timbuktu"
display, as of records in sports games
enter on a public list
publicize with, or as if with, a poster; "Ill post the news on the bulletin board"
United States manufacturer of breakfast cereals and Postum (1854-1914) (同)C. W. Post, Charles William Post
United States female author who wrote a book and a syndicated newspaper column on etiquette (1872-1960) (同)Emily Post, Emily Price Post
United States aviator who in 1933 made the first solo flight around the world (1899-1935) (同)Wiley Post
of or relating to or located in the dermis (同)dermic
(bookkeeping) a listing on the companys records; "the posting was made in the cash account"
sores resulting from a tropical infection by protozoa of the genus Leishmania which are spread by sandflies (同)leishmaniosis, kala_azar

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(木・金属・石などの)『柱』,『支柱』,くい / 《the ~》(競馬の)出発標,決勝標 / 〈C〉《話》(ラグビーなどの)ゴールポスト(goalpost) / (柱・壁などに)〈掲示物〉‘を'『張る』,張り出す《+『名』〈掲示物〉+『on』+『名』》;(掲示物を)〈柱・壁など〉‘に'張る《+『名』+『with』+『名』〈掲示物〉》 / (掲示して)…‘を'公表する,公示する / 《通例受動態で》(…として)…‘を'掲示(発表)する《+『名』+『as』+『現分』(過分)》
(兵士・警官・看護婦などの)『部署』,『持ち場』 / (軍隊の)駐屯(ちゅうとん)地,駐留地,兵営地 / (指名・任命された)『地位』,職 / (またtrading post)(未開地などの)交易所 / 〈兵士・警官・看護婦など〉‘を'配置する / 《通例受動態で》《おもに英》(…に)〈人〉‘を'任命する《+『名』+『to』+『名』》
〈U〉《おもに英》『郵便』[制度] / 《おもに英》《単数形で》(郵便物の1回の)『集配』,『配達』,便;(1回で集配・配達される)郵便物(《米》mail) / 《the ~》《おもに英》郵便局(post office);ポスト,郵便箱(《米》mailbox) / 〈C〉(昔,郵便物の中断所にした)駅,宿,宿場 / 《おもに英》〈郵便物〉‘を'郵便局に出す,ポストに入れる(《米》mail)《+『off』+『名』+『,』『名』+『off』》 / 《『post』+『名』〈間〉〈人〉+『名』〈直〉=『post』+『名』+『to』+『名』〈人〉》〈人〉‘に'〈手紙など〉‘を'郵便で送る(《米》mail)
皮膚の,皮膚に関する
《おもに英》(特に軍職に)任命すること

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2018/10/01 02:37:12」(JST)

wiki en

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a complication of visceral leishmaniasis (VL); it is characterised by a macular, maculopapular, and nodular rash in a patient who has recovered from VL and who is otherwise well. The rash usually starts around the mouth from where it spreads to other parts of the body depending on severity.

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (also known as "Post-kala-azar dermatosis") found mainly on the face, arms, and upper part of the trunk. It occurs years(in the Indian variation)or a few months(in the African strain) after the successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis

It is mainly seen in Sudan and India where it follows treated VL in 50% and 5-10% of cases, respectively. Thus, it is largely restricted to areas where Leishmania donovani is the causative parasite. The interval at which PKDL follows VL is 0-6 months in Sudan and 2-3 years in India. PKDL probably has an important role in interepidemic periods of VL, acting as a reservoir for parasites.

There is increasing evidence that the pathogenesis is largely immunologically mediated; high concentrations of interleukin 10 in the peripheral blood of VL patients predict the development of PKDL. During VL, interferon gamma is not produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). After treatment of VL, PBMC start producing interferon gamma, which coincides with the appearance of PKDL lesions due to interferon-gamma-producing cells causing skin inflammation as a reaction to persisting parasites in the skin.

Diagnosis is mainly clinical, but parasites can be seen by microscopy in smears with limited sensitivity. PCR and monoclonal antibodies may detect parasites in more than 80% of cases. Serological tests and the leishmanin skin test are of limited value. Treatment is always needed in Indian PKDL; in Sudan most cases will self cure but severe and chronic cases are treated. Sodium stibogluconate is given at 20 mg/kg for 2 months in Sudan and for 4 months in India. Liposomal amphotericine B seems effective; newer compounds such as miltefosine that can be administered orally or topically are of major potential interest. Although research has brought many new insights in pathogenesis and management of PKDL, several issues in particular in relation to control remain unsolved and deserve urgent attention.

References

This infection-related cutaneous condition article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 内臓リーシュマニア症：治療 visceral leishmaniasis treatment
2. 内臓リーシュマニア症：臨床症状と診断 visceral leishmaniasis clinical manifestations and diagnosis
3. 内臓リーシュマニア症：疫学と管理 visceral leishmaniasis epidemiology and control
4. 帰国者の皮膚病変 skin lesions in the returning traveler
5. 皮膚リーシュマニア症：臨床症状と診断 cutaneous leishmaniasis clinical manifestations and diagnosis

English Journal

Atypical presentation of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.

Islam QT1, Basher A2.
The Lancet. Infectious diseases.Lancet Infect Dis.2017 Nov;17(11):1218. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30583-2.
PMID 29115271

Keratitis After Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis.

Pradhan A1, Basak S, Chowdhury T, Mohanta A, Chatterjee A.
Cornea.Cornea.2017 Oct 13. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000001396. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID 29040115

Case Report: Treatment of Widespread Nodular Post kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis with Extended-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B in Bangladesh: A Series of Four Cases.

Basher A1, Maruf S2, Nath P1, Hasnain MG3, Mukit MA1, Anuwarul A1, Aktar F2, Nath R2, Hossain AA4, Milton AH3, Mondal D2, Mohammad Sumsuzzaman AK5, Rahman R6, Faiz MA7.
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.Am J Trop Med Hyg.2017 Oct;97(4):1111-1115. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0631. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
PMID 28820697