関: phylloquinone、phytonadione、vitamin K1

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/02/19 18:46:08」(JST)

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Phylloquinone, also Vitamin K₁, is a polycyclic aromatic ketone, based on 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, with a 3-phytyl substituent.

It is a fat-soluble vitamin that is stable to air and moisture but decomposes in sunlight. It is found naturally in a wide variety of green plants, particularly leaves, since it functions as an electron acceptor during photosynthesis, forming part of the electron transport chain of Photosystem I.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system.^[1]

Terminology

It is often called vitamin K,^[2] phytomenadione or phytonadione. Sometimes a distinction is made with phylloquinone considered natural and phytonadione considered synthetic.^[3]

A stereoisomer of phylloquinone is called vitamin k₁ (note the difference in capitalization).

Biochemistry

Phylloquinone is an electron acceptor during photosynthesis, forming part of the electron transport chain of Photosystem I.

Its best-known function in animals is as a cofactor in the formation of coagulation factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X by the liver. It is also required for the formation of anticoagulant factors protein C and S. It is commonly used to treat warfarin toxicity, and as an antidote for coumatetralyl.

Vitamin K is required for bone protein formation.

External links

References

^ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines: 18th list". World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
^ Haroon Y, Shearer MJ, Rahim S, Gunn WG, McEnery G, Barkhan P (June 1982). "The content of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in human milk, cows' milk, and infant formula foods determined by high-performance liquid chromatography". J. Nutr. 112 (6): 1105–17. PMID 7086539.
^ "Vitamin K". Retrieved 2009-03-18.

UpToDate Contents

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1. ビタミンKの概要 overview of vitamin k
2. ワルファリンおよびその他のビタミンK拮抗剤の治療使用 therapeutic use of warfarin and other vitamin k antagonists
3. ビタミンＫとγカルボキシグルタミン酸の合成および機能 vitamin k and the synthesis and function of gamma carboxyglutamic acid
4. ワルファリン関連出血または高用量INRのマネージメント management of warfarin associated bleeding or supratherapeutic inr
5. 健康な新生児のルーチンのマネージメントの概要 overview of the routine management of the healthy newborn infant

English Journal

Inhibition of diabetic-cataract by vitamin K1 involves modulation of hyperglycemia-induced alterations to lens calcium homeostasis.

Sai Varsha MK1, Raman T2, Manikandan R3.
Experimental eye research.Exp Eye Res.2014 Nov;128:73-82. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.09.007. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
This study investigated the potential of vitamin K1 against streptozotocin-induced diabetic cataract in Wistar rats. A single, intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg) resulted in hyperglycemia, accumulation of sorbitol and formation of advanced glycation end product (AGE) in ey
PMID 25257692

Superwarfarin poisoning and its management.

Card DJ1, Francis S2, Deuchande K1, Harrington DJ1.
BMJ case reports.BMJ Case Rep.2014 Oct 13;2014. pii: bcr2014206360. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-206360.
Difenacoum is a long-acting superwarfarin-type anticoagulant that exerts its effect through inhibiting vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to reduced bioavailability of the metabolically active form of vitamin K resulting in decreased production of vitamin K-dependent pr
PMID 25312896

Molecular dynamics study of the primary charge separation reactions in Photosystem I: effect of the replacement of the axial ligands to the electron acceptor A₀.

Milanovsky GE1, Ptushenko VV2, Golbeck JH3, Semenov AY4, Cherepanov DA5.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2014 Sep;1837(9):1472-83. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.03.001. Epub 2014 Mar 15.
Molecular dynamics (MD) calculations, a semi-continuum (SC) approach, and quantum chemistry (QC) calculations were employed together to investigate the molecular mechanics of ultrafast charge separation reactions in Photosystem I (PS I) of Thermosynechococcus elongatus. A molecular model of PS I was
PMID 24637178

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「フィトナジオン」「フィトメナジオン」

「フィトナジオン」

Phylloquinone
Names
	IUPAC name 2-methyl-3-[(2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl]naphthoquinone
	Other names Vitamin K1; phytomenadione; phytonadione
Identifiers
ATC code	B02BA01
CAS number	84-80-0
ChEBI	CHEBI:18067
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1550
ChemSpider	4447652
DrugBank	DB01022
	InChI InChI=1S/C31H46O2/c1-22(2)12-9-13-23(3)14-10-15-24(4)16-11-17-25(5)20-21-27-26(6)30(32)28-18-7-8-19-29(28)31(27)33/h7-8,18-20,22-24H,9-17,21H2,1-6H3/b25-20+/t23-,24-/m1/s1 ; Key: MBWXNTAXLNYFJB-NKFFZRIASA-N ; InChI=1/C31H46O2/c1-22(2)12-9-13-23(3)14-10-15-24(4)16-11-17-25(5)20-21-27-26(6)30(32)28-18-7-8-19-29(28)31(27)33/h7-8,18-20,22-24H,9-17,21H2,1-6H3/b25-20+/t23-,24-/m1/s1; Key: MBWXNTAXLNYFJB-NKFFZRIABL ;
Jmol-3D images	Image
PubChem	4812
	SMILES CC1=C(C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O)C/C=C(\C)/CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C ;
UNII	A034SE7857
Properties
Molecular formula	C31H46O2
Molar mass	450.70 g·mol−1
	Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
	verify (what is: /?)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

英: phytonadione
同: ビタミンK1 vitamin K1、フィトメナジオン phytomenadione、フィロキノン phylloquinone
商: AquaMEPHYTON, Mephyton; ビタミンＫ１、カチーフN、ビタK1、ヒメロンK1。; (高カロリー輸液)フルカリック、ヘパンED、ネオパレン、エルネオパ; (高カロリー輸液用総合ビタミン剤)ネオラミン・マルチＶ、オーツカＭＶ、ダイメジン・マルチ、ネオラミン・マルチＶ、ビタジェクト; (肝不全用経口栄養剤)アミノレバンEN、オフタルム、ケーワン; (経腸用液)ラコール、ラコールNF、ツインライン、エレンタール、エンシュア・リキッド、ツインラインNF
関: ビタミンK

適応

ビタミンＫ欠乏症の予防及び治療
ビタミンＫ欠乏が推定される出血

併用注意

クマリン系抗凝血薬(ワルファリン)　　←　　添付文書では併用注意だが、資料によっては併用禁忌とある。

「フィトメナジオン」

　　[★]

英: phytomenadione
関: ビタミンK1、フィトナジオン、フィロキノン

[1] "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines: 18th list". World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.

[pmid7086539-2] Haroon Y, Shearer MJ, Rahim S, Gunn WG, McEnery G, Barkhan P (June 1982). "The content of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in human milk, cows' milk, and infant formula foods determined by high-performance liquid chromatography". J. Nutr. 112 (6): 1105–17. PMID 7086539.

[urlVitamin_K-3] "Vitamin K". Retrieved 2009-03-18.

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案内

案内

phytomenadione