WordNet

evil or harmful in nature or influence; "prompted by malign motives"; "believed in witches and malign spirits"; "gave him a malign look"; "a malign lesion"
any of several malignant neoplasms (usually of the skin) consisting of melanocytes (同)malignant_melanoma

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《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(物事が)悪影響のある,有害な(injurious) / (人が)悪意のある(malicious);(…に)悪意のある《+『to』(『toward』)+『名』》 / …‘を'中傷する,けなす(slander)

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1. 粘膜悪性黒色腫 mucosal melanoma
2. 黒色腫の病理学的特徴 pathologic characteristics of melanoma
3. 黒色腫（メラノーマ）のマネージメントにおける放射線療法 radiation therapy in the management of melanoma
4. 黒色腫のスクリーニングおよび早期発見 screening and early detection of melanoma
5. 眼ぶどう膜および結膜の悪性黒色腫 uveal and conjunctival melanomas

English Journal

Cytomorphology of unusual primary tumors in the Pap test.

Khalbuss WE, Pantanowitz L, Monaco SE.Author information Address: Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.AbstractRare entities in the Pap test, which include neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions, pose challenges due to the infrequent occurrence of many of these entities in the daily practice of cytology. Furthermore, these conditions give rise to important diagnostic pitfalls to be aware of in the Pap test. For example, cases with adenoma malignum (AM) have been called benign. Recognition of these conditions can help correctly interpret Pap tests as abnormal and thereby ensure that patients get appropriately diagnosed. In this paper, we illustrate and discuss selected uncommon primary neoplastic lesions of the cervix and the vagina that may be seen in Pap test, with a focus on cytomorphology, differential diagnosis and the role of possible ancillary studies. These cases include high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cells with small cell morphology; small cell carcinoma; large neuroendocrine carcinoma; glassy cell carcinoma; AM; malignant mixed Müllerian tumor; clear cell carcinoma and primary malignant melanoma. Recognition of these rare variants/neoplasms is important so that involved Pap tests are not diagnosed as benign and that patients with these conditions get additional follow-up.
CytoJournal.Cytojournal.2013 Aug 30;10:17.
Rare entities in the Pap test, which include neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions, pose challenges due to the infrequent occurrence of many of these entities in the daily practice of cytology. Furthermore, these conditions give rise to important diagnostic pitfalls to be aware of in the Pap test
PMID 24082913

Evaluation of melanogenesis in A-375 melanoma cells treated with 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin and valproic acid.

Chodurek E, Orchel A, Orchel J, Kurkiewicz S, Gawlik N, Dzierżewicz Z, Stępień K.Author information Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland. echodurek@sum.edu.plAbstractMalignant melanoma (melanoma malignum) is one of the most dangerous types of tumor. It is very difficult to cure. In recent years, a lot of attention has been given to chemoprevention. This method uses natural and synthetic compounds to interfere with and inhibit the process of carcinogenesis. In this study, a new treatment strategy was proposed consisting of a combination of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC), an activator of melanogenesis, and valproic acid (VPA), a well-known drug that is one of the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). In conjunction with 1 mM VPA, all of the tested concentrations of DMC (10-150 μM) significantly decreased the proliferation of A-375 cells. VPA and DMC also induced the synthesis of melanin and the formation of dendrite and star-shaped cells. Tyrosinase gene expression and tyrosinase activity significantly increased in response to VPA treatment. Pyrolysis with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was used to investigate the structure of the isolated melanin. This showed that the quantitative and qualitative components of melanin degradation products are dependent on the type of applied melanogenesis inductor. Products derived from eumelanin were detected in the pyrolytic profile of melanin isolated from A-375 cells stimulated with DMC. Thermal degradation of melanin isolated from melanoma cells after exposure to VPA or a mixture of VPA and DMC revealed the additional presence of products derived from pheomelanin.
Cellular & molecular biology letters.Cell Mol Biol Lett.2012 Dec;17(4):616-32. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
Malignant melanoma (melanoma malignum) is one of the most dangerous types of tumor. It is very difficult to cure. In recent years, a lot of attention has been given to chemoprevention. This method uses natural and synthetic compounds to interfere with and inhibit the process of carcinogenesis. In th
PMID 23001511

Tissue-specific homing of immune cells in malignant skin tumors.

Jókai H, Marschalkó M, Csomor J, Szakonyi J, Kontár O, Barna G, Kárpáti S, Holló P.Author information Department of Dermatovenerology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Mária u. 41, Budapest, 1085, Hungary. jokaihajnalka@gmail.comAbstractTissue-specific migration of immune cells involved both in physiological and pathological immune responses is a current research subject for medical science. Several homing molecules have been identified orchestrating extravasation of immune cells to certain peripheral non-lymphoid tissues such as gut, lung and skin. Regarding lymphocyte homing to skin, the first-line defense of human body cutaneous lymphocyte associated antigen (CLA) and a group of chemokine-chemokine receptor pairs are considered to be of crucial importance. The aim of the present review is to summarize existing knowledge about skin- and tumor-specific migration of immune cells playing a major pathogenetic role in host immune responses induced by non-lymphoid malignant skin tumors as well as in the development of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). Melanoma malignum, squamous and basal cell carcinoma evoke host immune responses and consequently a subset of reactive immune cells is recruited to site of the tumor. Regarding migratory process and exact functional role of these cells a growing number of data is available in literature. On the other hand tissue-specific immune cell homing is regarded as a key process in the pathogenesis of CTCL where malignant T-lymphocytes can be found in circulation and symptomatic skin. Hereby homing mechanism of malignant T-cells in mycosis fungoides and Sézary-syndrome as separate clinical entities of CTCL is discussed. A precise insight into the molecular background of skin- and tumor-specific immune cell migration can contribute to developing efficient vaccine therapies in non-lymphoid malignant skin tumors and beneficial treatment modalities in CTCL.
Pathology oncology research : POR.Pathol Oncol Res.2012 Oct;18(4):749-59. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
Tissue-specific migration of immune cells involved both in physiological and pathological immune responses is a current research subject for medical science. Several homing molecules have been identified orchestrating extravasation of immune cells to certain peripheral non-lymphoid tissues such as g
PMID 22528565

Japanese Journal

討論 (癌の発生と癌細胞性状の諸問題第26回日本癌学会総会シンポジウム記録) -- (メラノーマ(悪性黒色腫,Melanoma malignum))

太田邦夫 [他]
最新医学 23(3), 602-605, 1968-03-00
NAID 40017803242

マウス・メラノーマの培養細胞におけるメラニン合成 (癌の発生と癌細胞性状の諸問題第26回日本癌学会総会シンポジウム記録) -- (メラノーマ(悪性黒色腫,Melanoma malignum))

及川淳
最新医学 23(3), 597-601, 1968-03-00
NAID 40017803241

末梢神経線維の腫瘍 (癌の発生と癌細胞性状の諸問題第26回日本癌学会総会シンポジウム記録) -- (メラノーマ(悪性黒色腫,Melanoma malignum))

米沢猛
最新医学 23(3), 592-596, 1968-03-00
NAID 40017803240

「悪性黒色腫」

　　[★]

英: malignant melanoma MM
同: メラノーマ melanoma
ラ: melanoma malignum
関: メラニン尿

概念

メラノサイト(神経堤由来)が癌化した悪性腫瘍
色調は多くが黒褐色。紅色調病変もありうる(無色素性黒色腫 amelanotic melanoma)　←　メラニン合成能の喪失
転移能しやすい。予後不良。　→　リンパ行性が最も頻度が高い・・・だっけ？
原発：皮膚。粘膜(口腔、鼻腔)、脈絡膜、脳軟膜、眼もありうる。

悪性黒色腫のABCDE NDE.421

頭文字	特徴
A	Asymmetry	不規則形
B	Borderline irregularity	境界不鮮明
C	Color variegation	色調多彩
D	Diameter enlargement	拡大傾向(直径6mm以上)
E	Elevation of surface	表面隆起