肝疾患、肝臓病、肝臓疾患

WordNet

pursue a positive and satisfying existence; "You must accept yourself and others if you really want to live"
actually being performed at the time of hearing or viewing; "a live television program"; "brought to you live from Lincoln Center"; "live entertainment involves performers actually in the physical presence of a live audience" (同)unrecorded
abounding with life and energy; "the club members are a really live bunch"
charged with an explosive; "live ammunition"; "a live bomb"
exerting force or containing energy; "live coals"; "tossed a live cigarette out the window"; "got a shock from a live wire"; "live ore is unmined ore"; "a live bomb"; "a live ball is one in play"
highly reverberant; "a live concert hall"
in current use or ready for use; "live copy is ready to be set in type or already set but not yet proofread"
lead a certain kind of life; live in a certain style; "we had to live frugally after the war"
not recorded; "the opera was broadcast live"
of current relevance; "a live issue"; "still a live option"
an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
a person who has a special life style; "a high liver"
large and complicated reddish-brown glandular organ located in the upper right portion of the abdominal cavity; secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat; synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood; sy
liver of an animal used as meat
someone who lives in a place; "a liver in cities"
caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology; "diseased tonsils"; "a morbid growth"; "pathologic tissue"; "pathological bodily processes" (同)morbid, pathologic, pathological

PrepTutorEJDIC

『生きている』,生命がある / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈人などが〉『生き続ける』 / 〈物事が〉長く続く,存続する / 《場所を表す副詞[句]を伴って》〈人などが〉『住む』,居住する / 《副詞[句]を伴って》『生活する』,暮らす / 生人を楽しむ,おもしろく桟らす / 《a+形容詞癌lifeを目的語にして》〈…を生活〉‘を'する / 〈思想など〉‘を'実銭する
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『生きている』 / 『活気のある』 / (問題などが)当面の / 燃えている / (弾丸などが)まだ爆発してない,未発の / まだ動いている(働いている),有効な / 電流が通じている / (放走が)生の,実況の
(体の)『病気』,疾患 / (精神・道徳などの)病気,病弊
女性の話術芸人 =diseur
(ある態度で)生活する人;居住者
〈C〉『肝臓』 / 〈U〉(食用にする)動物の肝臓,レバー
病気にかかった / 病的な,不健全な(morbid)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/10/16 20:20:03」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Liver disease (also called hepatic disease) is an umbrella term referring to damage to or disease of the liver.

Signs and symptoms

The symptoms related to liver dysfunction include both physical signs and a variety of symptoms related to digestive problems, blood sugar problems, immune disorders, abnormal absorption of fats, and metabolism problems.^{[citation needed]}

The malabsorption of fats may lead to symptoms that include indigestion, reflux, deficit of fatsoluble vitamins, hemorrhoids, gall stones, intolerance to fatty foods, intolerance to alcohol, nausea and vomiting attacks, abdominal bloating, and constipation.

Nervous system disorders include depression, mood changes, especially anger and irritability, poor concentration and "foggy brain", overheating of the body, especially the face and torso, and recurrent headaches (including migraine) associated with nausea.

The blood sugar problems include hypoglycaemia.

Abnormalities in the level of fats in the blood stream, whether too high or too low levels of lipids in the organism. Hypercholesterolemia: elevated LDL cholesterol, reduced HDL cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, clogged arteries leading to high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, build up of fat in other body organs (fatty degeneration of organs), lumps of fat in the skin (lipomas and other fatty tumors), excessive weight gain (which may lead to obesity), inability to lose weight even while dieting, sluggish metabolism, protuberant abdomen (pot belly), cellulite, fatty liver, and a roll of fat around the upper abdomen (liver roll) etc.^{[citation needed]} Or too low levels of lipids: hypocholesterolemia: low total cholesterol, low LDL and VLDL cholesterol, low triglyderides.

Types

Hepatitis, inflammation of the liver, is caused mainly by various viruses (viral hepatitis) but also by some liver toxins (e.g. alcoholic hepatitis), autoimmunity (autoimmune hepatitis) or hereditary conditions.
Alcoholic liver disease is a term used to describe any hepatic manifestation of alcohol overconsumption, including fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Analogous terms such as "drug-induced" or "toxic" liver disease are also used to refer to the range of disorders caused by various drugs and environmental chemicals.
Fatty liver disease (hepatic steatosis) is a reversible condition where large vacuoles of triglyceride fat accumulate in liver cells. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a spectrum of disease associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, among other causes. Fatty liver may lead to inflammatory disease (i.e. steatohepatitis) and, eventually, cirrhosis.
Cirrhosis is the formation of fibrous tissue (fibrosis) in the place of liver cells that have died due to a variety of causes, including viral hepatitis, alcohol overconsumption, and other forms of liver toxicity. Cirrhosis causes chronic liver failure.
Primary liver cancer most commonly manifests as hepatocellular carcinoma and/or cholangiocarcinoma; rarer forms include angiosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma of the liver. (Many liver malignancies are secondary lesions that have metastasized from primary cancers in the gastrointestinal tract and other organs, such as the kidneys, lungs, breast, or prostate.)
Primary biliary cirrhosis is a serious autoimmune disease of the bile capillaries.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a serious chronic inflammatory disease of the bile duct, which is believed to be autoimmune in origin.
Budd-Chiari syndrome is the clinical picture caused by occlusion of the hepatic vein, which in some cases may lead to cirrhosis.
Hereditary diseases that cause damage to the liver include hemochromatosis, involving accumulation of iron in the body, and Wilson's disease, which causes the body to retain copper. Liver damage is also a clinical feature of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and glycogen storage disease type II.
In transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis, the liver produces a mutated transthyretin protein which has severe neurodegenerative and/or cardiopathic effects. Liver transplantation can provide a curative treatment option.
Gilbert's syndrome, a genetic disorder of bilirubin metabolism found in about 5% of the population, can cause mild jaundice.

There are also many pediatric liver disease, including biliary atresia, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, alagille syndrome, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis to name but a few.

Diagnostics

A number of liver function tests are available to test the proper function of the liver. These test for the presence of enzymes in blood that are normally most abundant in liver tissue, metabolites or products. LFT's, serum proteins, serum albumin, serum globulin, A/G Ratio, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count.

References

UpToDate Contents

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1. 肝酵素および肝機能検査値の異常が認められた患者に対するアプローチ approach to the patient with abnormal liver biochemical and function tests
2. アルコール性脂肪性肝炎およびアルコール性肝硬変の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic cirrhosis
3. 肝疾患患者における止血異常 hemostatic abnormalities in patients with liver disease
4. 嚢胞性線維症：肝胆道系疾患 cystic fibrosis hepatobiliary disease
5. Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD)

English Journal

CXCR4 dysfunction in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice and patients.

Boujedidi H, Robert O, Bignon A, Cassard-Doulcier AM, Renoud ML1, Gary-Gouy H1, Hemon P1, Tharinger H1, Prévot S, Bachelerie F, Naveau S, Emilie D, Balabanian K, Perlemuter G.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2015 Feb 1;128(4):257-67. doi: 10.1042/CS20130833.
Homing of inflammatory cells to the liver is key in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). An abnormal response of CD4+ T-cells from obese mice to the chemotactic effect of CXCL12 has been reported but the mechanism involved in this process and relevance in patients are unknown. We
PMID 25074471

SNPs in the adiponectin receptor 2 gene and their associations with chicken performance traits.

Wang L1, Tian Y, Mei X, Han R, Li G, Kang X.
Animal biotechnology.Anim Biotechnol.2015;26(1):1-7. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2013.862254.
The adiponectin receptor 2 (ADIPOR2) is a receptor for both globular and full-length adiponectin. In the current study, two genetic variations in ADIPOR2 gene were identified in an F2 resource population of Gushi chicken and Anka broiler. Association analysis between the two SNPs and chicken perform
PMID 25153449

Short-term high-fat diet increases macrophage markers in skeletal muscle accompanied by impaired insulin signalling in healthy male subjects.

Boon MR, Bakker LE1, Haks MC2, Quinten E2, Schaart G3, Van Beek L, Wang Y, Van Schinkel L1, Van Harmelen V, Meinders AE1, Ottenhoff TH2, Van Dijk KW, Guigas B, Jazet IM1, Rensen PC.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2015 Jan 1;128(2):143-51. doi: 10.1042/CS20140179.
Macrophage markers in skeletal muscle of obese subjects are elevated and inversely relate to insulin sensitivity. The present study aimed to investigate whether short-term high-fat high-calorie (HFHC) diet already increases macrophage markers and affects glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle of heal
PMID 25148551

Japanese Journal

NAFLD における緑色野菜ジュースの飲用が血清ALT 値に及ぼす影響

岡山県立大学保健福祉学部紀要 = BULLETIN OF FACULTY OF HEALTH AND WELFARE SCIENCE, OKAYAMA PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY 22, 27-37, 2016-03-12
NAID 120005714084

NAFLDの複雑な病因と病態 (特集非アルコール性脂肪性肝疾患(NAFLD)の臨床的意義)

日本内科学会雑誌 105(1), 15-24, 2016-01-10
NAID 40020712089

肝臓疾患とオキシステロール (代謝) -- (臨床分野での進歩)

Annual review. 糖尿病・代謝・内分泌, 119-125, 2016
NAID 40020739713

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「liver disorder」「liver dysfunction」「肝疾患」「肝臓病」「hepatic disease」
拡張検索	「polycystic liver disease」
関連記事	「disease」「live」「liver」

「liver disorder」

Liver disease
	Classification and external resources
	; Micrograph of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, demonstrating marked macrovesicular steatosis. Trichrome stain.
MedlinePlus	000205
MeSH	D008107

　　[★]

肝障害、肝疾患、肝臓病

関: hepatic damage、hepatic disease、hepatic dysfunction、hepatopathy、liver damage、liver disease

「liver dysfunction」

　　[★]

肝機能障害、肝機能異常、肝機能不全

関: hepatic dysfunction、hepatic insufficiency、impaired liver function、liver disease

「肝疾患」

　　[★]

英: liver disease、hepatic disease、liver disorder
関: 肝障害、肝機能障害、肝臓病

「肝臓病」

　　[★]

英: liver disease、liver disorder
関: 肝疾患、肝障害

「hepatic disease」

　　[★]

関: Liver disease

関: liver disease

「polycystic liver disease」

　　[★]

多嚢胞肝、多発性肝嚢胞症

「disease」

　　[★]

n.

疾患：illnessより厳密な概念。「ある臓器に明確な障害が確認され、それによって症状が出ているとはっきり説明できる場合」 (PSY.9)

特定の原因、病態生理、症状、経過、予後、病理組織所見が全てそろった場合 (PSY.9)

something that is very wrong with people's attitudes, way of life or with society.

関: ail、ailment、disease entity、disorder、ill、illness、malady、sick、sickness

注意

disease ≠ illness ≠ disorder

「live」

　　[★]

[liv]

vt.
vi.

[laiv]

adj.

同: LAIV

「liver」

　　[★] 肝臓　　　　　　

匿名

検索

案内

案内

liver disease