WordNet

be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
an event known to have happened or something known to have existed; "your fears have no basis in fact"; "how much of the story is fact and how much fiction is hard to tell"
a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case"
a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"
a substance that retards or stops an activity
malignant neoplasm of blood-forming tissues; characterized by abnormal proliferation of leukocytes; one of the four major types of cancer (同)leukaemia, leucaemia, cancer of the blood
restrictive of action; "a repressive regime"; "an overly strict and inhibiting discipline" (同)repressive, repressing

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize
〈C〉『事実』,実際にある(あった)事 / 〈U〉真相,真実(truth) / 《the~》(法律用語で)犯行
抑制する人(物) / 化学反応抑制剤
白血病

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/28 02:26:57」(JST)

wiki en

Leukemia inhibitory factor, or LIF, is an interleukin 6 class cytokine that affects cell growth by inhibiting differentiation. When LIF levels drop, the cells differentiate.

Function

LIF derives its name from its ability to induce the terminal differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells, thus preventing their continued growth. Other properties attributed to the cytokine include: the growth promotion and cell differentiation of different types of target cells, influence on bone metabolism, cachexia, neural development, embryogenesis and inflammation. p53 regulated LIF has been shown to facilitate implantation in the mouse model and possibly in humans.^[1] It has been suggested that recombinant human LIF might help to improve the implantation rate in women with unexplained infertility.^[2]

Binding/activation

LIF binds to the specific LIF receptor (LIFR-α) which forms a heterodimer with a specific subunit common to all members of that family of receptors, the GP130 signal transducing subunit. This leads to activation of the JAK/STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription) and MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase) cascades.^[3]

Expression

LIF is normally expressed in the trophectoderm of the developing embryo, with its receptor LIFR expressed throughout the inner cell mass. As embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass at the blastocyst stage, removing them from the inner cell mass also removes their source of LIF. Recombinant LIF has been produced in plants by InVitria.

Use in stem cell culture

Removal of LIF pushes stem cells toward differentiation, but they retain their proliferative potential or pluripotency. Therefore LIF is used in mouse embryonic stem cell culture. It is necessary to maintain the stem cells in an undifferentiated state, however genetic manipulation of embryonic stem cells allows for LIF independent growth, notably overexpression of the gene Nanog.

LIF is typically added to stem cell culture medium to reduce spontaneous differentiation.^[4]^[5]

References

^ Wenwei Hu, Zhaohui Feng, Angelika K. Teresky1, Arnold J. Levine (November 29, 2007). "p53 regulates maternal reproduction through LIF". Nature 450 (7170): 721–724. doi:10.1038/nature05993. PMID 18046411.
^ Aghajanova, L (2004). "Leukemia inhibitory factor and human embryo implantation". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1034: 176–83. doi:10.1196/annals.1335.020. PMID 15731310.
^ Suman P, Malhotra SS, Gupta SK LIF-STAT signaling and trophoblast biology. JAKSTAT. 2013 Oct 1;2(4):e25155. Epub 2013 Jun 27.PMID:24416645.
^ Kawahara Y, Manabe T, Matsumoto M, Kajiume T, Matsumoto M, Yuge L (2009). "LIF-Free Embryonic Stem Cell Culture in Simulated Microgravity". In Zwaka, Thomas. PLoS ONE 4 (7): e6343. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006343. PMC 2710515. PMID 19626124.
^ "CGS : PTO Finds Stem Cell Patent Anticipated, Obvious in Light of 'Significant Guideposts'".

Application of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)for maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cells; Journal of Biotechnology http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.12.012

External links

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Source of Recombiant Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (http://www.invitria.com/cell-culture-products-services/leukemia-inhibitory-factor-culture-media.html )

UpToDate Contents

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1. 気道の神経制御 neuronal control of the airways

English Journal

Recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor suppresses human medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line xenografts in mice.

Starenki D, Singh NK, Jensen DR, Peterson FC, Park JI.SourceDepartment of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Cancer letters.Cancer Lett.2013 Oct 1;339(1):144-51. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.07.006. Epub 2013 Jul 12.
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a neoplasm of the endocrine system, which originates from parafollicular C-cells of the thyroid gland. For MTC therapy, the Food and Drug Administration recently approved vandetanib and cabozantinib, multi-kinase inhibitors targeting RET and other tyrosine kinase
PMID 23856028

Antagonistic crosstalk between NF-κB and SIRT1 in the regulation of inflammation and metabolic disorders.

Kauppinen A, Suuronen T, Ojala J, Kaarniranta K, Salminen A.SourceDepartment of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Cellular signalling.Cell Signal.2013 Oct;25(10):1939-48. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.06.007. Epub 2013 Jun 11.
Recent studies have indicated that the regulation of innate immunity and energy metabolism are connected together through an antagonistic crosstalk between NF-κB and SIRT1 signaling pathways. NF-κB signaling has a major role in innate immunity defense while SIRT1 regulates the oxidative respiratio
PMID 23770291

Japanese Journal

Maintenance of hemiround colonies and undifferentiated state of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells on carbon nanotube-coated dishes

Akasaka Tsukasa,Yokoyama Atsuro,Matsuoka Makoto,Hashimoto Takeshi,Watari Fumio
Carbon 49(7), 2287-2299, 2011-06
… After 5 d of cultivation in a medium containing 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), the colonies on thick films of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) were observed to be hemiround; …
NAID 80021687775

Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor and schizophrenia

Kameno Yosuke,Suzuki Katsuaki,Wakuda Tomoyasu,Takebayashi Kiyokazu,Iwata Keiko,Tsuchiya Kenji J.,Matsuzaki Hideo,Takagai Shu,Iwata Yasuhide,Nakamura Kazuhiko,Mori Norio
Journal of brain science 36, 32-45, 2011-03-30
… Leukemia inhibitory factor-receptor (LIFR) is known to play a major role in neurogenesis promotions and stem cell self-renewal via binding to their ligands, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). …
NAID 110008574013

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「白血病阻止因子」「LIF」
拡張検索	「leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha subunit」
関連記事	「inhibitor」「fact」「factor」「inhibitory」「inhibitory factor」

「白血病阻止因子」

Leukemia inhibitory factor
	; PDB rendering based on 1LKI.
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1EMR, 1PVH, 2Q7N
Identifiers
Symbols	LIF ; CDF; DIA; HILDA; MLPLI
External IDs	OMIM: 159540 MGI: 96787 HomoloGene: 1734 GeneCards: LIF Gene
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• RNA polymerase II transcription factor recruiting transcription factor activity; • receptor binding; • cytokine activity; • leukemia inhibitory factor receptor binding; • growth factor activity;
Cellular component	• extracellular space; • cytoplasm;
Biological process	• blood vessel remodeling; • immune response; • multicellular organismal development; • embryo implantation; • positive regulation of cell proliferation; • negative regulation of cell proliferation; • stem cell maintenance; • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein; • tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein; • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein; • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein; • positive regulation of MAPK cascade; • positive regulation of macrophage differentiation; • negative regulation of meiosis; • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; • decidualization; • negative regulation of hormone secretion; • lung alveolus development; • muscle organ morphogenesis; • neuron development; • positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation; • leukemia inhibitory factor signaling pathway; • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; • lung vasculature development; • lung lobe morphogenesis; • trophoblast giant cell differentiation; • spongiotrophoblast differentiation; • negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; • positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis; • regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation; • positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus; • positive regulation of histone H3-K27 acetylation;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
	This box: view; talk; edit;

　　[★]

英: leukemia inhibitory factor、LIF
同: 白血病増殖阻止因子、白血病抑制因子、HILDA
関: コリン作動性神経分化因子

[show details]

白血病抑制因子 LIF : 約 58 件
白血病阻止因子 LIF : 約 94 件

LIFは当初、「Human InterLeukin that induced DA-1 cell to proliferate」として同定されたので、HILDAと名付けられた。
株化白血病細胞の分化を誘導するサイトカインとして同定された180個のアミノ酸からなる分子量4.5万～6.7万の糖蛋白。
胚幹細胞(ES細胞)の分化を阻害し多分化能を保持するので、トランスジェニックマウス、遺伝子ノックアウトマウス作製に不可欠である。
LIFはマウス骨髄性白血病細胞M1の増殖を抑制しその分化を誘導する因子であり、M1細胞の分化誘導物質のD因子と同一のものである。