腸管関連リンパ組織 GALT
- 同
- GALT
WordNet
- having partial rights and privileges or subordinate status; "an associate member"; "an associate professor"
- a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor; "he had to consult his associate before continuing"
- a person with subordinate membership in a society, institution, or commercial enterprise; "associates in the law firm bill at a lower rate than do partners"
- any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another; "first was the lightning and then its thunderous associate"
- make a logical or causal connection; "I cannot connect these two pieces of evidence in my mind"; "colligate these facts"; "I cannot relate these events at all" (同)tie_in, relate, link, colligate, link up, connect
- remove the guts of; "gut the sheep"
- a narrow channel or strait
- empty completely; destroy the inside of; "Gut the building"
- a soft thin (usually translucent) paper (同)tissue_paper
- part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
- resembling lymph or lymphatic tissues
- a unit of force equal to the force exerted by gravity; used to indicate the force to which a body is subjected when it is accelerated (同)gee, g-force
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈人〉'を'(…の)『仲間に加える』,(…に)連合させる《+『名』〈人〉+『with』+『名』》 / (…と)…'を'結びつけて考える(起こす)《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / (…と)『仲間になる』,交際する《+『with』+『名』》 / (…と)合体する,提携する《+『with』+『名』》 / 『仲間』,『同僚』;組合員 / 準会員 / 付属物;連想されるもの / 連合した;仲間の,同僚の / 補助の,準…
- 腸;(楽器の弦の材料となる)腸 / 《複数形で》内臓,腹わた(bowels) / =catgut / 《複数形で》元気,勇気,はら,根性 / 《複数形で》中身,内容 / 〈鳥・魚〉‘の'腹わたを取り除く / …‘の'中をすっかりやられる / 本能的に感じる,生き生きした;切実な
- 〈U〉〈C〉(生物体の)『組織』 / 〈U〉〈C〉『薄織物』 / 〈U〉〈C〉水を吸収する柔らかな薄紙 / 〈C〉カーボンコピー用薄紙 / 〈C〉《a ~》(…を)織り交ぜて作ったもの《+of+名》 / =tissue paper
- リンパ状(液)の
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/09/18 02:32:17」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
The gastrointestinal tract's immune system is often referred to as gut-associated lymphoid tissue (or GALT)[1] and works to protect the body from invasion. The GALT is an example of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Function
- 3 Additional images
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Structure
Lymphoid tissue in the gut comprises the following:
- Tonsils (Waldeyer's ring)
- Peyer's patches
- Lymphoid aggregates in the appendix and large intestine
- Lymphoid tissue accumulating with age in the stomach
- Small lymphoid aggregates in the esophagus
- Diffusely distributed lymphoid cells and plasma cells in the lamina propria of the gut
Function
The digestive tract is an important component of the body's immune system. In fact, the intestine possesses the largest mass of lymphoid tissue in the human body.[2] The GALT is made up of several types of lymphoid tissue that store immune cells, such as T and B lymphocytes, that carry out attacks and defend against pathogens.
New research indicates that GALT may continue to be a major site of HIV activity, even if drug treatment has reduced HIV count in the peripheral blood.[3][4]
Additional images
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Section of the human esophagus.
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Transverse section of human vermiform process. X 20.
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Section of mucous membrane of human rectum. X 60.
References
- ^ Janeway, CA Jr.; et al. (2001). "The mucosal immune system". Immunobiology. New York: Garland Science. 10-13. ISBN 0-8153-3642-X.
- ^ Salminen S, Bouley C, Boutron-Ruault MC, et al. (1998). "Functional food science and gastrointestinal physiology and function". British Journal of Nutrition. 80 (S1): S147–S171. doi:10.1079/BJN19980108.
- ^ Moraima Guadalupe,1 Sumathi Sankaran,1 Michael D. George,1 Elizabeth Reay,1 David Verhoeven,1 Barbara L. Shacklett,1 Jason Flamm,4 Jacob Wegelin,3 Thomas Prindiville,2 and Satya Dandekar. Viral Suppression and Immune Restoration in the Gastrointestinal Mucosa of HIV Type 1-Infected Patients Initiating Therapy during Primary or Chronic Infection Journal of Virology, August 2006, p. 8236-8247, Vol. 80, No. 16
- ^ Anton PA, Mitsuyasu RT, Deeks SG, Scadden DT, Wagner B, Huang C, Macken C, Richman DD, Christopherson C, Borellini F, Lazar R, Hege KM. Multiple measures of HIV burden in blood and tissue are correlated with each other but not with clinical parameters in aviremic subjects. AIDS. 2003 Jan 3;17(1):53-63.
External links
- Histology image: 12502loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Digestive System: Alimentary Canal: colon, taenia coli"
- Histology image: 11102loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Digestive System: Alimentary Canal: esophageal/stomach junction"
Anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, excluding the mouth
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Upper |
Pharynx |
- Muscles
- Spaces
- peripharyngeal
- retropharyngeal
- parapharyngeal
- retrovisceral
- danger
- prevertebral
- Pterygomandibular raphe
- Pharyngeal raphe
- Buccopharyngeal fascia
- Pharyngobasilar fascia
- Piriform sinus
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Esophagus |
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Stomach |
- Curvatures
- greater
- lesser
- Angular incisure
- Cardia
- Body
- Fundus
- Pylorus
- Gastric mucosa
- Gastric folds
- Microanatomy
- Gastric pits
- Gastric glands
- Cardiac glands
- Fundic glands
- Pyloric glands
- Foveolar cell
- Parietal cell
- Gastric chief cell
- Enterochromaffin-like cell
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Lower |
Small intestine |
Microanatomy |
- Intestinal villus
- Intestinal gland
- Enterocyte
- Enteroendocrine cell
- Goblet cell
- Paneth cell
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Duodenum |
- Suspensory muscle
- Major duodenal papilla
- Minor duodenal papilla
- Duodenojejunal flexure
- Brunner's glands
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Jejunum |
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Ileum |
- Ileocecal valve
- Peyer's patches
- Microfold cell
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Large |
Cecum |
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Colon |
- Ascending colon
- Hepatic flexure
- Transverse colon
- Splenic flexure
- Descending colon
- Sigmoid colon
- Continuous
- taenia coli
- haustra
- epiploic appendix
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Rectum |
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Anal canal |
- Anus
- Anal columns
- Anal valves
- Anal sinuses
- Pectinate line
- Internal anal sphincter
- Intersphincteric groove
- External anal sphincter
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|
|
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Wall |
- Serosa / Adventitia
- Subserosa
- Muscular layer
- Submucosa
- Circular folds
- Mucosa
- Muscularis mucosa
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Organs of the lymphatic system
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Primary organs |
Bone marrow |
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Thymus |
- Cortex
- Medulla
- Hassall's corpuscles
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Secondary organs |
Spleen |
- structural: Hilum
- Trabeculae
- Diaphragmatic surface of spleen
- Visceral surface of spleen
- Red pulp
- Cords of Billroth
- Marginal zone
- White pulp
- Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths
- Germinal center
- blood flow: Trabecular arteries
- Trabecular veins
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Tonsils |
- Palatine
- Lingual
- Pharyngeal
- Tubal
- Tonsillar crypts
- Waldeyer's tonsillar ring
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Lymph nodes |
- lymph flow: Afferent lymph vessels
- Cortical sinuses
- Medullary sinuses
- Efferent lymph vessels
- T cells: High endothelial venules
- B cells: Primary follicle/Germinal center
- Mantle zone
- Marginal zone
- layers: Capsule/Trabeculae
- Subcapsular sinus
- Cortex
- Paracortex
- Medulla (Medullary cord)
- Hilum
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MALT |
- GALT
- Peyer's patch
- Germinal center
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Gut-associated lymphoid tissue, gut microbes and susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
- Stanisavljević S1, Lukić J2, Momčilović M1, Miljković M2, Jevtić B1, Kojić M2, Golić N2, Mostarica Stojković M3, Miljković D1.
- Beneficial microbes.Benef Microbes.2016 Feb 3:1-12. [Epub ahead of print]
- Gut microbiota and gut-associated lymphoid tissue have been increasingly appreciated as important players in pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis that can be induced with an
- PMID 26839070
- Histological Development of the Immune Tissues of a Marsupial, the Red-Tailed Phascogale (Phascogale calura).
- Borthwick CR1, Old JM1.
- Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007).Anat Rec (Hoboken).2016 Feb;299(2):207-19. doi: 10.1002/ar.23297. Epub 2015 Dec 18.
- Red-tailed phascogale (Phascogale calura) pouch young at birth were relatively underdeveloped in comparison with their eutherian counterparts, and the lymphoid tissues of the immune system were found to be histologically immature. The phascogale thymus rapidly developed in the first few days of pouc
- PMID 26599205
- Noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 impairs virus control in a mouse model.
- Seong G1, Lee JS1, Lee KH2, Shin SU1, Yoon JY3, Choi KS4.
- Archives of virology.Arch Virol.2016 Feb;161(2):395-403. doi: 10.1007/s00705-015-2665-y. Epub 2015 Nov 19.
- Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an economically important pathogen that causes development of mild to severe clinical signs in wild and domesticated ruminants. We previously showed that mice could be infected by BVDV. In the present study, we infected mice intraperitoneally with non-cytopathic
- PMID 26586332
Japanese Journal
- 腸管関連リンパ組織におけるストローマ細胞の役割 (特集 組織における免疫応答の特性)
- 大星 航,天川 雅夫,加藤 亮二
- 医学検査 63(6), 673-679, 2014
- … する食品を機能性食品と呼んでいる.最近では,予防医学的な観点から免疫賦活作用を示す機能性食品が利用され,中でも,βグルカン及び乳酸菌は腸管関連リンパ組織gut-associated lymphoid tissue(GALT)に存在するリンパ球を活性化するなど種々の免疫賦活作用を示すことから,この分野に広く利用されるようになった.しかしながら,βグルカン及び乳酸菌の単 …
- NAID 130005057061
- Selection of an Aptamer against Mouse GP2 by SELEX
- Hanazato Misaho,Nakato Gaku,Nishikawa Fumiko,Hase Koji,Nishikawa Satoshi,Ohno Hiroshi
- Cell Structure and Function 39(1), 23-29, 2014
- … Microfold (M) cells are intestinal epithelial cells specialized for sampling and transport of luminal antigens to gut-associated lymphoid tissue for initiation of both mucosal and systemic immune responses. …
- NAID 130004053898
Related Links
- tissue [tish´u] a group or layer of similarly specialized cells that together perform certain special functions. adenoid tissue lymphoid tissue. adipose tissue connective tissue made of fat cells in a meshwork of areolar tissue. areolar ...
- tissue [tish´u] a group or layer of similarly specialized cells that together perform certain special functions. adenoid tissue lymphoid tissue. adipose tissue connective tissue made of fat cells in a meshwork of areolar tissue. areolar ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
[★]
- 英
- gut-associated lymphoid tissue
- 関
- 消化管関連リンパ系組織
[★]
- 英
- gut-associated lymphoid tissue
- 関
- 消化管関連リンパ組織
[★]
- 英
- gut-associated lymphoid tissue GALT
- 関
- [[]]
[★]
- 結合する、連合させる。連想によって結びつける。(人を)仲間/友達などとしての関係に置く。(化)会合させる
- 仲間/友人などとして交際する(with)。一つにまとめる、連合する
- 仕事仲間、提携者、同僚。友人、朋友。準会員。従業員、社員
- 密接な蒸す偽付きのある物、付随する物、つきもの。準国家
- 連想によって心に浮かぶ言葉/思い、連想物
- 仲間の、同僚の。製紙機械員に次ぐ資格の
- 付随する、連想される
- 関
- accompany、association、associative、attach、bearing、bind、binding、bond、bonding、coassemble、colleague、combine、conjoin、conjugate、conjugation、conjunction、connect、connection、correlate、correlation、couple、dock、engage、engagement、federation、implication、join、joint、ligate、link、linkage、peer、pertinent、reference、relate、relation、relationship、relative、relevance、relevant、symphysial、union
[★]
- 関
- concomitant、erratic、erratically
- associate
[★]
- 関
- bowel、entero、intestinal、intestine
[★]
- 関
- lymphatic system
[★]
リンパ組織、リンパ系組織
- 関
- lymphatic tissue