WordNet
- of or relating to a fetus; "fetal development" (同)foetal
- perform (a play), especially on a stage; "we are going to stage `Othello" (同)present, represent
- a section or portion of a journey or course; "then we embarked on the second stage of our Caribbean cruise" (同)leg
- a small platform on a microscope where the specimen is mounted for examination (同)microscope stage
- a large platform on which people can stand and can be seen by an audience; "he clambered up onto the stage and got the actors to help him into the box"
- any scene regarded as a setting for exhibiting or doing something; "All the worlds a stage"--Shakespeare; "it set the stage for peaceful negotiations"
- the theater as a profession (usually `the stage'
- plan, organize, and carry out (an event); "the neighboring tribe staged an invasion" (同)arrange
- in an early stage of development; "the embryonic government staffed by survivors of the massacre"; "an embryonic nation, not yet self-governing" (同)embryotic
- of an organism prior to birth or hatching; "in the embryonic stage"; "embryologic development" (同)embryologic, embryonal
- attend a dance or a party without a female companion
- adult male deer
- getting rid of a stage of a multistage rocket
- travel by stagecoach
- written for or performed on the stage; "a staged version of the novel"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (劇場・ホールなどの)『舞台』・on stage 舞台上で・《無冠詞》・off stage 舞台の陰で 《無冠詞》：ステージ;演壇;《the~》演劇;俳優業,演劇(舞台)の仕事 / (事件・活動などの)『舞台』,場所 / (発達などの)『段階』,時期 / (駅馬車などの止まる)駅,宿場;休憩地;(旅行における休憩地間の)旅程,行程 / =stagecoach / (多段ロケットの)段 / 〈劇〉‘を'『上演する』,〈試合など〉‘を'公開する / (特に劇的に)…‘を'実行する,やってのける
- =embryo
- 雄ジカ / 《米話》(社交的な集まりに)婦人を同伴しない男 / 男性用の,男性のみ出席する,男性向けの / 女性を同謀しないで
- 〈U〉足場 / 〈U〉〈C〉(劇の)上演,演出[方法]
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 幹細胞の概要 overview of stem cells
- 2. 赤血球産生調節 regulation of erythropoiesis
- 3. 甲状腺髄様癌：臨床症状、診断、および病期分類 medullary thyroid cancer clinical manifestations diagnosis and staging
- 4. 神経芽細胞腫の臨床所見、診断、および病期分類評価 clinical presentation diagnosis and staging evaluation of neuroblastoma
- 5. 小児および思春期の横紋筋肉腫：臨床症状、診断的評価、および病期分類 rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood and adolescence clinical presentation diagnostic evaluation and staging
English Journal
- ADAR1 deaminase contributes to scheduled skeletal myogenesis progression via stage-specific functions.
- Hsieh CL1, Liu H2, Huang Y2, Kang L3, Chen HW1, Chen YT4, Wee YR1, Chen SJ4, Tan BC4.Author information 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.2Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.3BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.41] Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan [2] Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.AbstractAdenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) catalyzes cellular RNA adenosine-to-inosine editing events on structured RNA molecules. In line with this critical role, ADAR1 exhibits ubiquitous expression and is essential for embryonic development. However, regulation and developmental significance of this RNA editor in a spatiotemporal context are largely elusive. Here we unveil a novel tissue-specific role of ADAR1 in skeletal myogenesis. ADAR1 expression displayed programmed alteration that is coordinated with differentiation cues, and mediated negatively by miRNA-1/206. Coincidently, ADAR1 exerts stage-dependent functions-suppression of apoptosis at the onset of differentiation and preservation of timely myotube formation through later phase. Furthermore, the post-transcriptional aspect of its myogenic role was illustrated by the spectrum of binding RNAs, as revealed by high-throughput approach, as well as by direct regulation of myogenesis-associated targets such as dynamin 1/2 (Dnm1/2) and annexin A4. Consequently, maintenance of target gene expression profiles likely contributes to a state of cytoskeleton and membrane dynamics that is amenable to myoblast morphogenesis. Collectively, these findings uncover a critical link of ADAR1 to myogenesis, and further highlight an epigenetic mechanism by which ADAR1 and miR-1/206 interplay to control scheduled myoblast-myotube transition.
- Cell death and differentiation.Cell Death Differ.2014 May;21(5):707-19. doi: 10.1038/cdd.2013.197. Epub 2014 Jan 17.
- Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) catalyzes cellular RNA adenosine-to-inosine editing events on structured RNA molecules. In line with this critical role, ADAR1 exhibits ubiquitous expression and is essential for embryonic development. However, regulation and developmental significance of
- PMID 24440912
- Differential maturation of rhythmic clock gene expression during early development in medaka (Oryzias latipes).
- Cuesta IH1, Lahiri K, Lopez-Olmeda JF, Loosli F, Foulkes NS, Vallone D.Author information 1Institute of Toxicology and Genetics and.AbstractOne key challenge for the field of chronobiology is to identify how circadian clock function emerges during early embryonic development. Teleosts such as the zebrafish are ideal models for studying circadian clock ontogeny since the entire process of development occurs ex utero in an optically transparent chorion. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) represents another powerful fish model for exploring early clock function with, like the zebrafish, many tools available for detailed genetic analysis. However, to date there have been no reports documenting circadian clock gene expression during medaka development. Here we have characterized the expression of key clock genes in various developmental stages and in adult tissues of medaka. As previously reported for other fish, light dark cycles are required for the emergence of clock gene expression rhythms in this species. While rhythmic expression of per and cry genes is detected very early during development and seems to be light driven, rhythmic clock and bmal expression appears much later around hatching time. Furthermore, the maturation of clock function seems to correlate with the appearance of rhythmic expression of these positive elements of the clock feedback loop. By accelerating development through elevated temperatures or by artificially removing the chorion, we show an earlier onset of rhythmicity in clock and bmal expression. Thus, differential maturation of key elements of the medaka clock mechanism depends on the developmental stage and the presence of the chorion.
- Chronobiology international.Chronobiol Int.2014 May;31(4):468-78. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2013.856316. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
- One key challenge for the field of chronobiology is to identify how circadian clock function emerges during early embryonic development. Teleosts such as the zebrafish are ideal models for studying circadian clock ontogeny since the entire process of development occurs ex utero in an optically trans
- PMID 24456338
- Transcriptomic dissection of myogenic differentiation signature in caprine by RNA-Seq.
- Tripathi AK1, Patel AK2, Shah RK2, Patel AB2, Shah TM2, Bhatt VD2, Joshi CG3.Author information 1Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388001, India; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.2Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388001, India.3Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388001, India. Electronic address: cgjoshi@rediffmail.com.AbstractMuscle growth and development from the embryonic to the adult stage of an organism consists of a series of exquisitely regulated and orchestrated changes in expression of genes leading to muscle maturation. In this study, we performed whole transcriptome profiling of adult caprine skeletal muscle derived myoblast and fused myotubes. Using Ion Torrent PGM sequencing platform, a total of 948,776 and 799,976 reads were generated in myoblasts and fused myotubes, respectively. The sequence reads were analyzed on CLC Genomics Workbench using Bos taurus RNA database to study the gene expression in both stages to study different genes responsible for muscle development and regeneration. The up and down-regulated genes were analyzed for gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathways by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. We found many genes exclusive to multinuclear fused myotubes and contractile nature of skeletal muscle, whereas up-regulated genes in myoblast stage were related to cell division and transcriptional regulation. Out of 27 genes selected for expression validation by RT-qPCR (reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction), 19 genes showed the expression pattern comparable with CLC Genomics Workbench findings. Further, mRNA originated muscle specific microRNAs (miRNA-1 and miRNA-133b) were also observed in the fused myotubes along with other miRNAs with possible importance in muscle development. This study highlights important genes responsible for muscle development and differentiation in adult skeletal muscle system.
- Mechanisms of development.Mech Dev.2014 May;132:79-92. doi: 10.1016/j.mod.2014.01.001. Epub 2014 Jan 11.
- Muscle growth and development from the embryonic to the adult stage of an organism consists of a series of exquisitely regulated and orchestrated changes in expression of genes leading to muscle maturation. In this study, we performed whole transcriptome profiling of adult caprine skeletal muscle de
- PMID 24423602
Japanese Journal
- アフリカツメガエル Xenopus laevis と洞窟魚 Astyanax mexicanus の初期発生に対する Sonic hedgehog 経路阻害剤 SANT-I 投与の影響
- 前田 真実,Maeda Manami,茂木 和枝,Mogi Kazue,小林 剛,Kobayashi Tsuyoshi,日野 晶也,Hino Akiya,豊泉 龍児,Toyoizumi Ryuji
- Science Journal of Kanagawa University 24, 69-75, 2013-06-30
- … 原著 2012年度神奈川大学総合理学研究所共同研究助成論文Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a peptide growth factor, belonging to the Hedgehog family.Shh is expressed in various embryonic tissues, such as the notochord, floor plate, and posteriorlimb-bud mesenchyme, and plays versatile roles in early axis specification and organogenesis.For example, shh is involved in the dorso-ventral patterning of the neural tube and inthe antero-posterior patterning of the limb bud. …
- NAID 120005302537
- 人工容器での培養開始時期がニホンウズラ胚の外部計測値とカルシウム及びマグネシウムの含有量に与える影響
- 福永 一朗,佐々木 剛,安藤 元一,君羅 好史,上原 万里子,橋本 光一郎,小川 博
- 東京農業大学農学集報 58(1), 29-35, 2013-06-14
- 希少鳥類を発生工学的な手法で増殖させる際に,人工容器による鳥類胚の培養は有用なツールになると考えられる。しかし,人工容器を用いて鳥類胚を胚盤葉期から培養し孵化させる方法は確立されていない。そこで本研究では,ニホンウズラを対象として人工容器培養した胚の形態,カルシウム(Ca)及びマグネシウム(Mg)の含有量を調べた。人工容器による培養は,胚盤葉期または通常の孵卵を 60 時間行った後に開始した。培養 …
- NAID 110009579973
- Growth of the Medaka (II) – Formation of Fins and Fin Appendages
- Iwamatsu Takashi
- 愛知教育大学研究報告. 自然科学編 62, 53-60, 2013-03-01
- … The pectoral fins, which begin to form in the embryonic stage, first form their fin rays after hatching prior to the formation of other median and pelvic fins. …
- NAID 120005261390
Related Links
- The process of prenatal development occurs in three main stages. The first two weeks after conception are known as the germinal stage; the third through the eighth week are known as the embryonic period; and the time from the ninth week ...
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「fetal」「胎生期」「fetal stage」「embryonal」「embryonically」 |
| 関連記事 | 「embryonic」「stage」 |
「fetal」
- adj.
- 胎生期の、胎性の、(人間)胎児の、胎児性の、(動物)胎仔の、胎仔型の
- 関
- embryo、embryonal、embryonic、embryonic day、embryonic form、embryonic stage、fetal stage、feto、fetus、foetal、foetus
「胎生期」
- 英
- embryonic day、embryonic stage、fetal stage、embryonic、fetal、embryonal
- 関
- 胎仔、胎児、胎児性、胎性、胚、胚性、胚芽、胚体、胎児期、胎仔期、胎仔型、胚期
「fetal stage」
「embryonal」
- adj.
- 胚性の、胎生期の、胎児性の
「embryonically」
- 胚性に、胎児期に
「embryonic」
- adj.
- 胚性の、胚の、胚体の、胚芽の、胎仔の、胎生期の、胎性の、胎児性の
- 関
- embryo、embryonal、embryonic day、embryonic stage、embryonically、fetal、fetal stage、fetus、germ、germinal
「stage」
- n.