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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/04 16:57:30」(JST)

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Cefpodoxime is an oral, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is active against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Notable exceptions include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus, and Bacteroides fragilis. Currently, it is only marketed as generic preparations in the USA, according the FDA Orange Book. It is commonly used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and gonorrhea. It also finds use as oral continuation therapy when intravenous cephalosporins (such as ceftriaxone) are no longer necessary for continued treatment.

Pfizer, the parent company of Pharmacia & Upjohn, markets cefpodoxime proxetil under the trade name C-Doxim for veterinary use. The dose range in dogs is 5–10 mg/kg body weight, administered orally, once a day.

Finecure, India markets the products under trade name Cefpo.^[1]

Cefpodoxime inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in cell walls. It has well established pharmacokinetic profile with absorption of 50%. It is indicated in community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Structural formula of cefpodoxime proxetil

Spectrum of bacterial susceptibility and resistance

Cefpodoxime has been used to fight pathogenic bacteria responsible for causing gonorrhoea, tonsillitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis. Representative pathogenic genera include Streptococcus, Haemophilus, and Neisseria. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms.

Haemophilus influenzae: ≤0.03 - 1 μg/ml
Neisseria gonorrhoeae: 0.004 - 0.06 μg/ml
Streptococcus pyogenes: ≤0.004 - 2 μg/ml

^[2]

References

^ "Anti Biotics and Anti Bacterial". Finecurepharmaceuticalsltd. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
^ http://www.toku-e.com/Assets/MIC/Cefpodoxime%20Free%20acid.pdf

External links

PubChem 6526396 - cefpodoxime proxetil
Vantin Tablets and Oral Suspension Torpod (Torrent)Full U.S. Prescribing Information (from manufacturer's website)
Simplicef (from manufacturer's website)
http://www.intaspharma.com/index.php?option=com_djcatalog2&view=itemstable&cid=3&Itemid=77

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における急性副鼻腔炎および鼻副鼻腔炎：治療 acute sinusitis and rhinosinusitis in adults treatment
2. モラクセラ・カタラーリス感染 moraxella catarrhalis infections
3. セフェム系 cephalosporins
4. 女性における急性単純性膀胱炎および腎盂腎炎 acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women
5. 妊娠中の尿路感染症および無症候性細菌尿 urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy

English Journal

Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of cefpodoxime proxetil containing tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate.

Bajaj A, Rao MR, Khole I, Munjapara G.SourceDepartment of Pharmaceutics, SVKM'S B.N. College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.
Drug development and industrial pharmacy.Drug Dev Ind Pharm.2013 May;39(5):635-45. doi: 10.3109/03639045.2012.683440. Epub 2012 May 8.
CONTEXT: Lipid based drug delivery systems have gained prominence in last decade for drugs with dissolution rate limited oral bioavailability.OBJECTIVE: To improve the solubility, permeability and oral bioavailability of cefpodoxime proxetil, β-lactam antibiotic. It is BCS Class IV drug having solu
PMID 22564007

AuNPs-poly-DAN modified pyrolytic graphite sensor for the determination of Cefpodoxime Proxetil in biological fluids.

Yadav SK, Agrawal B, Goyal RN.SourceDepartment of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India.
Talanta.Talanta.2013 Apr 15;108:30-7. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.044. Epub 2013 Mar 4.
A sensitive and selective electrochemical method for Cefpodoxime Proxetil (CP) determination has been developed by incorporating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) onto the poly-1,5-diaminonapthalene layer (p-DAN) coated pyrolytic graphite. The modified sensor was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectr
PMID 23601866

Japanese Journal

Physicochemical and Pharmacokinetic Characterization of a Spray-Dried Cefpodoxime Proxetil Nanosuspension

Gao Yuan,Qian Shuai,Zhang Jianjun
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 58(7), 912-917, 2010
… Cefpodoxime proxetil (CP) is a prodrug, the third generation cephem-type broad-spectrum antibiotic administered orally. … In the present investigation, the spray-dried cefpodoxime proxetil nanosuspension (SDN) was prepared. … The pharmacokinetic study of SDN, in comparison to a marketed cefpodoxime proxetil for oral suspension (MS), was also performed in rabbits after a single oral dose. …
NAID 130000299783

Gastro-retentive Dosage Form for Improving Bioavailability of Cefpodoxime Proxetil in Rats

Kakumanu Vasu Kumar,Arora Vinod Kumar,Bansal Arvind Kumar
藥學雜誌 128(3), 439-445, 2008-03-01
… Cefpodoxime proxetil (CP) is a prodrug with poor oral bioavailability because of its metabolism to Cefpodoxime acid (CA) in luminal contents and intestinal epithelial cells. …
NAID 110006646598

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「セファロスポリン系抗菌薬」「第三世代セフェム」「セフポドキシムプロキセチル」
関連記事	「cefpodoxime」

「セファロスポリン系抗菌薬」

Cefpodoxime
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(6R,7R)-7-{[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyimino-acetyl]amino}-3-(methoxymethyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
Trade names	Generic (formerly Vantin)
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a698024
Pregnancy cat.	B1 (AU) B (US)
Legal status	℞-only (US)
Routes	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	50%
Protein binding	21% to 29%
Metabolism	Negligible. Cefpodoxime proxetil is metabolized to cefpodoxime by the liver
Half-life	2 hours
Excretion	Renal, unchanged
Identifiers
CAS number	82619-04-3
ATC code	J01DD13
PubChem	CID 6335986
DrugBank	DB01416
ChemSpider	4891496
UNII	7R4F94TVGY
KEGG	D07650
ChEBI	CHEBI:3504
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1672
Chemical data
Formula	C15H17N5O6S2
Mol. mass	427.458 g/mol
	SMILES O=C2N1/C(=C(\CS[C@@H]1[C@@H]2NC(=O)C(=N\OC)/c3nc(sc3)N)COC)C(=O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H17N5O6S2/c1-25-3-6-4-27-13-9(12(22)20(13)10(6)14(23)24)18-11(21)8(19-26-2)7-5-28-15(16)17-7/h5,9,13H,3-4H2,1-2H3,(H2,16,17)(H,18,21)(H,23,24)/b19-8-/t9-,13-/m1/s1 ; Key:WYUSVOMTXWRGEK-HBWVYFAYSA-N ;
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　　[★]

英: cephalosporin antibiotics, cephalosporin, cephalosporins
同: セフェム系抗菌薬？、セフェム系抗生物質？ cephem antibiotic？ cephem antibiotics
関: 抗菌薬、βラクタム系抗菌薬、第三世代抗生物質

特徴

抗菌スペクトルが広い

グラム陽性菌、グラム陰性菌

酸に対して安定である
ペニシリナーゼに対して安定である

構造

副作用

過敏症(ペニシリン系抗菌薬と同様であるが、頻度はペニシリン系に比べ低い)
(1)ジスルフィラム様作用、(2)ビタミンK依存性の凝固因子の産生低下(cefotetanとcefoperazoneに特徴的。共通点はN-methylthiotetrazole(NMTT) side chainを持つこと)。(PPC.612)

セフェム系抗菌薬

第三世代セフェム

セフォタキシム	cefotaxime
セフトリアキソン	ceftriaxone
セフジニル	cefdinir
セフジトレンピボキシル	cefditoren pivoxil
セフチブテン	ceftibuten
セフポドキシムプロキセチル	cefpodoxime proxetil
セフチゾキシム	ceftizoxime
セフォペラゾン	cefoperazone
セフタジジム	ceftazidime

「第三世代セフェム」

　　[★]

同: 第3世代セフェム、第三世代抗生物質 antibiotics of third generation、第三世代セフェム系抗生物質 cephem antibiotics of third generation、第3世代セファロスポリン
関: セファロスポリン系抗菌薬

特徴

第３世代セフェム以上は口腔内嫌気性細菌をカバーできる　・・・　わざわざABPC/SBTを選択しなくて良い。

第三世代セフェム

セフォタキシム	cefotaxime
セフトリアキソン	ceftriaxone
セフジニル	cefdinir
セフジトレンピボキシル	cefditoren pivoxil
セフチブテン	ceftibuten
セフポドキシムプロキセチル	cefpodoxime proxetil
セフチゾキシム	ceftizoxime
セフォペラゾン	cefoperazone
セフタジジム	ceftazidime