WordNet

sweeten with sugar; "sugar your tea" (同)saccharify
a white crystalline carbohydrate used as a sweetener and preservative (同)refined sugar
pertaining to or containing any of a group of organic compounds of nitrogen derived from ammonia (同)aminic
the radical -NH2 (同)amino_group
with sweetening added (同)sweetened, sweet, sweet-flavored

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉砂糖 / 〈C〉(1個・さじ1杯の)砂糖 / 〈U〉庶糖 / 《話》(恋人に対して呼び掛けて)ねえ / …‘に'砂糖を混ぜる(かける);…‘に'砂糖を加えて甘くする

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/08 22:30:00」(JST)

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Glucosamine

Sialic acid

In chemistry, an amino sugar contains an amine group in place of a hydroxyl group.^[1] Derivatives of amine containing sugars, such as N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid, while not formally containing an amine, are also considered amino sugars. The most abundant amino sugar is one of the oldest and most abundant organic compounds on Earth. N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine is the main component of the polysaccharide in chitin, the substance that makes up the tough outer skeleton of arthropods and insects.

Aminoglycosides are a class of antimicrobial compounds that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. These compounds are conjugates of amino sugars and aminocyclitols.

More than 60 amino sugars are known, many of them having been isolated and identified only recently as components of antibiotics. Examples of amino sugars include:

N-Acetylglucosamine
Galactosamine
Glucosamine
Sialic acid
L-Daunosamine

References[edit]

Carey, Francis A., and Robert M. Giuliano. "23.12 Amino Sugars." Organic Chemistry. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. N. pag. Print.

^ Amino sugar, Encyclopedia of Science & Technology Online

External links[edit]

Amino Sugars at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This organic chemistry article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 幼児および小児における低血糖症の病因 etiology of hypoglycemia in infants and children
2. 先天性代謝異常：代謝性救急疾患 inborn errors of metabolism metabolic emergencies
3. 先天性代謝異常：分類 inborn errors of metabolism classification
4. 尿素サイクル障害：臨床的特徴および診断 urea cycle disorders clinical features and diagnosis
5. 乳児および小児における低血糖に対するアプローチ approach to hypoglycemia in infants and children

English Journal

Betaines and related ammonium compounds in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.).

Servillo L1, Giovane A2, Casale R2, Balestrieri ML2, Cautela D3, Paolucci M4, Siano F5, Volpe MG5, Castaldo D6.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Apr 1;196:1301-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.070. Epub 2015 Oct 17.
Chestnut fruits, being poor of simple sugars and consisting mainly of fibers and starch, are among the constituents of Mediterranean diet. While numerous studies report on content of proteins and amino acids in chestnut, no one has appeared so far on betaines, an important class of nitrogen compound
PMID 26593620

Transformation of chemical constituents of lychee wine by simultaneous alcoholic and malolactic fermentations.

Chen D1, Liu SQ2.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Apr 1;196:988-95. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.047. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
This work examined for the first time the impact of malolactic fermentation (MLF) on the chemical constituents of lychee wine. Oenococcus oeni Viniflora® Oenos (MLF inducer) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae MERIT.ferm were co-inoculated into lychee juice to induce simultaneous alcoholic fermentation (A
PMID 26593581

Honey: Chemical composition, stability and authenticity.

da Silva PM1, Gauche C2, Gonzaga LV2, Costa AC2, Fett R2.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Apr 1;196:309-23. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.051. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
The aim of this review is to describe the chemical characteristics of compounds present in honey, their stability when heated or stored for long periods of time and the parameters of identity and quality. Therefore, the chemical characteristics of these compounds were examined, such as sugars, prote
PMID 26593496

Japanese Journal

エダマメ'ふくら'と'湯あがり娘'における生育中の品質関連因子解析に基づく収穫適期の評価

水野寛士,橋本早紀,田中仁奈 [他]
園芸学研究 14(1), 61-67, 2015-01-15
NAID 40020342326

エダマメ'ふくら'と'湯あがり娘'における生育中の品質関連因子解析に基づく収穫適期の評価

水野寛士,橋本早紀,田中仁奈,山本達也,中野龍平,牛島幸一郎,久保康隆
園芸学研究 14(1), 61-67, 2015
エダマメは成分変化の激しい生育初期に収穫されるので，良好な品質コントロールのためには最適収穫時期の正確な評価が必須である．本研究では，栽培日数が約85日の中早生種である'ふくら'と'湯あがり娘'を用いて莢ごとに開花日を記録し，糖やアミノ酸組成，水分含量，色差，莢の厚さなどの品質要因を幅広い生育期間を通じて精査した．'ふくら'と'湯あがり娘'はともに，開花後30日より前では，豆の大きさが小さすぎ（莢 …
NAID 130005063758

発芽玄米酒粕の嗜好特性

小木曽加奈,中澤弥子,岡崎光雄
日本家政学会誌 66(3), 113-119, 2015
… The free amino acids, organic acids, minerals, total sugar amount and tasty nucleotides were analyzed. … The results show that sake lees from SBR included more free amino acids, organic acids and minerals, while ginjo sake lees contained more glucides. …
NAID 130004774164

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「グリコサミノグリカン」「アミノ糖」「アミノ糖類」
関連記事	「sugar」「sugars」

「グリコサミノグリカン」

　　[★]

英: glycosaminoglycan
同: ムコ多糖 mucopolysaccharide
関: プロテオグリカン proteoglycan、コンドロイチン硫酸、酸性ムコ多糖体症、多糖、デルマタン硫酸

概念

細胞間マトリックスを埋める多糖
粘稠性と弾力性が高い粘液
枝分かれのない多糖で、ウロン酸(uronic acid)とヘキソサミン残基(アミノ糖 amino sugar)が交互につながっている
グリコサミノグリカンがタンパク質に結合した化合物がプロテオグリカン

グリコサミノグリカン + 蛋白質　＝　プロテオグリカン

グリコサミノグリカン	ウロン酸	ヘキソサミン残基	結合			局在	-COO^-	-SO₃^-
ヒアルロン酸	D-グルクロン酸	N-アセチル-D-グルコサミン	GlcUA	β1-3	GlcNAc	硝子体、関節液、臍帯	1	0
コンドロイチン4-硫酸	D-グルクロン酸	N-アセチル-D-ガラクトサミン 4-硫酸	GlcUA	β1-3	GalNAc	骨、象牙質、軟骨	1	1
コンドロイチン6-硫酸	D-グルクロン酸	N-アセチル-D-ガラクトサミン 6-硫酸	GlcUA	β1-3	GalNAc	骨、象牙質、軟骨	1	1
デルマタン硫酸	L-イズロン酸	N-アセチル-D-ガラクトサミン 4-硫酸	IdoA	β1-3	GalNAc	皮膚、動脈壁、腱、骨、象牙質	1	1
ケラタン硫酸	D-ガラクトース	N-アセチル-D-グルコサミン 6-硫酸	Gal	β1-4	GlcNAc	軟骨、椎間板、角膜	0	1
ヘパリン	L-イズロン酸 2-硫酸	N-スルホ-D-グルコサミン 6-硫酸	IdoA	α1-4	GlcNAc	小腸、筋肉、肺、脾、腱、肝、肥満細胞	1	3