WordNet

much greater than the normal; "abnormal profits"; "abnormal ambition"
not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm; "abnormal powers of concentration"; "abnormal amounts of rain"; "abnormal circumstances"; "an abnormal interest in food" (同)unnatural
departing from the normal in e.g. intelligence and development; "they were heartbroken when they learned their child was abnormal"; "an abnormal personality"
a horses manner of moving
a persons manner of walking

PrepTutorEJDIC

『異常な』,普通でない,規準をはずれた
歩きぶり,足どり

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/06/18 17:42:20」(JST)

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Gait abnormality is a deviation from normal walking (gait). Watching a patient walk is the most important part of the neurological examination. Normal gait requires that many systems, including strength, sensation and coordination, function in an integrated fashion. Many common problems in the nervous system and musculoskeletal system will show up in the way a person walks.^[1]

Presentation and causes[edit]

Persons suffering from peripheral neuropathy experience numbness and tingling in their hands and feet. This can cause ambulation impairment, such as trouble climbing stairs or maintaining balance. Gait abnormality is also common in persons with nervous system affections such as Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Myasthenia gravis, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Orthopedic corrective treatments may also manifest into gait abnormality, such as lower extremity amputation, post-fracture, and arthroplasty (joint replacement). Difficulty in ambulation that results from chemotherapy is generally temporary in nature, though recovery times of six months to a year are common. Likewise, difficulty in walking due to arthritis or joint pains (antalgic gait) sometimes resolves spontaneously once the pain is gone.^[2]^[3]

References[edit]

^ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th ed., Ch. 346, Approach to the Paitent with Neurological Disease
^ Gait Abnormality Coding Checklist by Jun Mapili, PT, MAEd
^ ICD-9-cm Chrisenders

External links[edit]

Gait Abnormality Coding Checklist by Jun Mapili, PT, MAEd
Children's Hospital Boston
Classification
Case Study
Videos of various abnormal gaits

UpToDate Contents

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1. 高齢者における神経性歩行障害 neurologic gait disorders of elderly people
2. 跛行を呈する小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with a limp
3. 小児における跛行の原因に関する概要 overview of the causes of limp in children
4. 幼児および小児における精密な神経学的評価 detailed neurologic assessment of infants and children
5. Posterior cruciate ligament injury

English Journal

The influence of lower-extremity function in elderly individuals' quality of life (QOL): An analysis of the correlation between SPPB and EQ-5D.

Oh B1, Cho B2, Choi HC1, Son KY1, Park SM1, Chun S1, Cho SI3.Author information 1Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.2Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: belong.cho@gmail.com.3Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.AbstractBACKGROUND: If an association between a decline in physical performance and subjective QOL is confirmed, the SPPB could be used as a predictor for declining QOL in older people.
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics.Arch Gerontol Geriatr.2014 Mar-Apr;58(2):278-82. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.10.008. Epub 2013 Nov 2.
BACKGROUND: If an association between a decline in physical performance and subjective QOL is confirmed, the SPPB could be used as a predictor for declining QOL in older people.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to elucidate the association between the short physical performance battery (SPPB) and QOL (EQ-
PMID 24275121

Relationship between cognitive dysfunction, gait, and motor impairment in children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Champion JA, Rose KJ, Payne JM, Burns J, North KN.Author information Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.AbstractAIM: Motor skill impairment and cognitive dysfunction are commonly reported features of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We characterized and determined the relationship between motor impairment, gait variables, and cognitive function in children and adolescents with NF1.
Developmental medicine and child neurology.Dev Med Child Neurol.2014 Jan 4. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12361. [Epub ahead of print]
AIM: Motor skill impairment and cognitive dysfunction are commonly reported features of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We characterized and determined the relationship between motor impairment, gait variables, and cognitive function in children and adolescents with NF1.METHOD: Motor function, gait,
PMID 24387687

Amputee locomotion: Lower extremity loading using running-specific prostheses.

Hobara H, Baum BS, Kwon HJ, Linberg A, Wolf EJ, Miller RH, Shim JK.Author information Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.AbstractCarbon fiber running-specific prostheses (RSPs) have allowed individuals with lower extremity amputation (ILEA) to actively participate in sporting activities including competitive sports. In spite of this positive trait, the RSPs have not been thoroughly evaluated regarding potential injury risks due to abnormal loading during running. Vertical impact peak (VIP) and average loading rate (VALR) of the vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) have been associated with running injuries in able-bodied runners but not for ILEA. The purpose of this study was to investigate vGRF loading in ILEA runners using RSPs across a range of running speeds. Eight ILEA with unilateral transtibial amputations and eight control subjects performed overground running at three speeds (2.5, 3.0, and 3.5m/s). From vGRF, we determined VIP and VALR, which was defined as the change in force divided by the time of the interval between 20 and 80% of the VIP. We observed that VIP and VALR increased in both ILEA and control limbs with an increase in running speed. Further, the VIP and VALR in ILEA intact limbs were significantly greater than ILEA prosthetic limbs and control subject limbs for this range of running speeds. These results suggest that (1) loading variables increase with running speed not only in able-bodied runners, but also in ILEA using RSPs, and (2) the intact limb in ILEA may be exposed to a greater risk of running related injury than the prosthetic limb or able-bodied limbs.
Gait & posture.Gait Posture.2014 Jan;39(1):386-90. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.08.010. Epub 2013 Aug 18.
Carbon fiber running-specific prostheses (RSPs) have allowed individuals with lower extremity amputation (ILEA) to actively participate in sporting activities including competitive sports. In spite of this positive trait, the RSPs have not been thoroughly evaluated regarding potential injury risks d
PMID 24035367